• 폴리머
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.353-357
• /
• 2009

분무건조는 약물의 입자 제조에 널리 사용되고 있는 효과적이고 안정적인 공정 중 하나이다. 과거 분무건조의 방법에서는 입자의 응집을 조절하기 쉽지 않았으며, 크기 조절에도 많은 어려움을 겪어 왔다. 특히 고분자 입자의 제조는 저분자 유기물질인 식품, 의약원료 등과 비교하여 상대적으로 제조하기 어려운 면이 있었다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 분무건조기를 개조하여 노즐에 전기장을 외부에서 가해 줌과 동시에 동축 이중 노즐을 사용하여 고분자 입자의 제조를 시도하였다. 내부 고분자 물질로는 폴리에틸렌글리콜과 폴리락타이드코글리코라이드를, 외부 물질로는 락토오스를 사용하였다. 그 결과 전기장을 사용하지 않는 분무건조에 비해 비교적 일정한 크기와 모양을 제조할 수 있었으며, 입자 간의 응집을 줄일 수 있음을 확인하였다. 전기분무건조된 PLGA 분말은 주로 $2{\sim}5{\mu}m$ 기인 둥근 모양의 입자로 구성되었다.

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국대기환경학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.634-635
• /
• 2008

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
• /
• pp.412.2-413
• /
• 2002

Purpose. To prepare polymer based physical mixtures or solid dispersions containing solubilizing compositions using a spray-dryer. Methods. Lovastatin.simvastatin.aceclofenac and cisapride were selected as poorly water-soluble drugs. Dextrin. poly(vinylalcohol). poly(vinylpyrrolidone)and polyethylene glycol were chosen as solubilizing carriers for solid dispersions. The solid dispersions containing solubilizing compositions without drug were prepared without using organic solvents or tedious changes of formulation compositions. (omitted)

• 한국잠사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국잠사학회 2003년도 제46회 춘계 학술연구 발표회
• /
• pp.56-56
• /
• 2003

Using gel filtration chromatography (GFC), pure separation of high molecular silk fibroin was obtained and silk fibroin microsphere particles (SFMP) could be simply made by spray dryer method. Also, some of its physicochemical properties and morphology were investigated. The average molecular weight (Mw) of pure silk fibroin protein dissolved in calcium chloride is about 61, 500 g/mol as measured by gel permeation chromatography(GPC). (omitted)

• 펄프종이기술
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 2004

In this paper, the effects of roll diameter and storage time in roll form, bending method and relative humidity on curl in copy paper and inkjet coated papers are investigated. In copy paper, more MD curl is showed at smaller roll diameter and the extension of bending time. However CD curl is hardly influenced by roll diameter and bending time. At high relative humidity, especially CD curl largely reduces. All inkjet coated papers without the primary or the secondary back coating during papermaking show the increase in MD curl and slight decrease in CD curl by MD bending regardless of the winding methods(TSO, TSI). The water spray as back coating results in the remarkable reduction of CD curl regardless of the winding methods. Drying on flat dryer after spraying the moisture on back side display the most excellent effect on the reduction of CD curl.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
• /
• pp.410.1-410.1
• /
• 2002

Local anesthetics are used to reduce pain. but they are so frequently injected to patients. So we prepared lidocaine solid lipid nanopaticles for long acting subcutaneous injection to decrease the number of times of injection. Solid lipid nanoparticles were prepared by spray drying method. First. drug. lipid. plasticizer and surfactant were dissolved in methylene chloride. and we operated spray dryer using this solution at setting value. (omitted)

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제27권7호
• /
• pp.754-759
• /
• 2017

100 l scale 미세조류 배양 시스템은 LED 광을 기반으로 자체 제작하였으며 Nannochloropsis oculata를 f/2 medium에서 광도($100{\mu}mol/m^2/s$), 배양온도($20^{\circ}C{\pm}1^{\circ}C$), LD cycle (12 hr)으로 배양하였다. 그 결과 LED blue (475 nm)에서 $100{\mu}mol/m^2/s$의 광도, 24 mg/l의 nitrate 농도에서 100 l 대량배양 결과 최대 biomass인 1.07 g/l를 배양하였다. 이렇게 배양된 미세조류에서 유용물질을 추출의 위한 추출방법을 확보하고 나아가 산물의 추출, 농축 및 건조공정 기술을 최적화하고자 하였다. 추출은 물리적인 방법인 sonicator, homogenizer를 이용한 파쇄법과 화학적인 방법인 0.5M HCl 파쇄법을 이용한 결과 chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid 함량은 물리적인 파쇄법인 sonicator를 이용 시 1.6, 0.5, 0.3 mg/g cell, homogenizer 이용 시 1.0, 0.6, 0.2 mg/g cell로 측정되었다. 0.5M HCl의 화학적 파쇄법 이용 시 chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b 함량은 0.9, 0.8 mg/g cell으로 측정되었다. 파쇄시간당 추출되는 영양물질이 가장 높은 시간은 15 min 파쇄 시 3.6 mg/g cell로 측정되었으며 acetone, methanol, ethanol의 3가지 용매 중 acetone이 3.6 mg/g cell로 효과적이 용매로 측정되었다. 농축은 2종류의 연속원심분리장비(tubular type, disk type), 마이크로필터, 필터프레스 4종 장비를 이용하여 시험한 결과 마이크로필터, disk type 연속원심분리기, Tubular type 연속원심분리기의 경우 16.0, 1.1, 0.5 g/l의 순으로 시간당 수율을 확인하였다. 건조공정 최적화를 위하여 열풍건조기, 진공건조기, 분무건조기, 동결건조기 등의 4종 시생산설비를 이용해 미세조류의 시간당 회수율 분무건조기는 Dextrin 0.5 kg이 첨가되면 회수율이 80%이지만 순도가 떨어졌고 동결건조기 회수율은 60%로 측정되었다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• 제41권4호
• /
• pp.239-247
• /
• 2011

Simvastatin is an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, which catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, an early and rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of cholesterol. Simvastatin has good permeability, but it also has low solubility (BCS class II), which reduces its bioavailability. To overcome this problem, a solid dispersion is formed using a spray-dryer with polymeric material carrier to potentially enhance the dissolution rate and extend drug absorption. As carriers for solid dispersion, Gelucire$^{(R)}$44/14 and Gelucire$^{(R)}$ 50/13 are semisolid excipients that greatly improve the bioavailability of poorly-soluble drugs. To avoid any toxic effects of an organic solvent, we used aqueous medium to melt Tween$^{(R)}$ 80 and distilled water. The structural behaviors of the raw materials and the solid dispersion were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The DSC and PXRD data indicated that the crystalline structure of simvastatin was transformed to an amorphous structure through solid dispersion. Then, solid dispersion-based tablets containing 20 mg simvastatin were prepared with excipients. Dissolution tests were performed in distilled water and artificial intestinal fluid using the USP paddle II method. Compared with that of the commercial tablet (Zocor$^{(R)}$ 20 mg), the release of simvastatin from solid dispersion based-tablet was more efficient. Although the stability study is not complete, this solid dispersion system is expected to deliver poorly water-soluble drugs with enhanced bioavailability and less toxicity.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.229-236
• /
• 1992

In an effort to localize the spray-dryer which is markedly used for drying food materials, a experiment was carried out with a wheel type atomizer locally designed and manufactured to evaluate the effect of rotational speed, feed rate and physical properties of liquid food material on the droplet size, and to develop a model to predict the droplet size sprayed at various operational conditions. The result are summarized as follows. 1. The frequency of droplet size sprayed from the atomizer at every treatment were similar to normal distributions. 2. Under the test conditions adopted in this study, that is, rotational speed of the atomizer ranging from 15,000 to 20,000 rpm (55.0 m/sec - 73.3 m/sec), feed rate from 14 to 37 kg/hr and viscosity of the material from 1.14 to 350 cP, the mean volume-surface dia. of droplets was decreased as increase in rotational speed and was not affected significantly by the feed rate and viscosity. 3. Through the dimensional analysis, a prediction model was developed as follows : $$\frac{Dvs}{r}=K[\frac{Q}{{\mu}r}]^a[\frac{rN^2}{g}]^b[\frac{{\rho}^2r^3g}{{\mu}^2}]^c[\frac{L}{r}]^d$$ and it was proved that the above model was better in degree of fitness than other models reported. 4. A prediction equation for the droplet size sprayed from the atomizer under the test was expressed as follows : $$\frac{Dvs}{r}=0.0215[\frac{Q}{{\mu}r}]^{0.06}[\frac{rN^2}{g}]^{0.3314}[\frac{{\mu}^2}{{\rho}^2r^3g}]^{0.0158}$$.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.85-96
• /
• 1990

Simultaneous removal efficiencies of hydrophilic and hydrophobic gaseous pollutants are experimentally determined, and the macroscopic removal mechanism of pollutants in a dry scrubber is analyzed using the extended model of three phase equilibrium distribution of pollutant at high temperatures that can describe the different morphological conditions of adsorbent and water at varying relative humidities. For the simplicity, the inside of spray dryer is divided into three regions of ; (1) absorption, (2) three-phase equilibrium, and (3) adsorption, and the removal efficiencies of each pollutants at three regions are observed at different experimental conditions to estimate the effects of important parameters of dry scrubber. The laboratory experiments simulate the three regions of spray dryer with the temperature control and thus evaporation rate of water from the slurry particle. $SO_2$ as a hydrophilic gaseous pollutant and vinyl chloride as a hydrophobic toxic gas are selected for the future field application to soid waste incineration, and the two types of slurry are made of the two sorbents ; 10 wt.% $Ca(OH)_2$, and 10 wt.% NaOH. Result of temperature effect shows the height of absorption plus three-phase region is decreased as the operation temperature is increased, which results in the lower removal efficiency of $SO_2$ but higher removal for vinyl chloride in the adsorption region of dry scrubber. The removal efficiency of $SO_2$ is higher by NaOH slurry than by $Ca(OH)_2$ slurry due to the hygroscopic nature of NaOH, while the removal of vinyl chloride is higher in $Ca(OH)_2$ case. From the analysis of redults using three-phase equilibrium distribution model, the effective two-phase partition coefficients can be obtained, and the possible extention in the application of the three-phase equilibrium model in a dry scrubber design has been demonstrated.