• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.492-500
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• 2012

항산화능 등의 기능성이 우수한 단호박과 우리나라의 전통적인 조미료인 된장을 이용하여 생선요리나 야채샐러드에 활용할 수 있는 소스를 개발하는 연구의 일환으로, 소스 제조의 가장 기본적인 구성요소인 스톡, 농후제 및 된장의 첨가량을 독립변수로 하고 소스의 향미, 맛, 색상 및 종합적기호도의 관능적 특성을 종속변수로 하여 중심합성계획에 의한 실험설계 및 반응표면분석에 의한 통계적 분석을 실시함으로써 단호박된장소스 제조의 최적 제조조건을 구명하고, 최적조건에서 제조한 단호박된장소스의 품질 특성을 조사하였다. 그 결과 단호박된장소스의 최적 제조조건은 단호박스톡의 첨가량 448.5 g, 농후제의 첨가량 331.5 g 및 전통된장의 첨가량 20.0 g이었다. 최적 제조조건에서 제조한 단호박된장소스의 일반성분 함량은 수분 89.55%, 조단백질 0.70%, 조지방 0.10%, 조회분 0.71%이었다. 단호박된장소스의 pH는 5.96, 산도는 0.08%, 당도는 6.80 $^{\circ}Brix$이었으며, 색도 특성은 $L^*$값 50.02, $a^*$값 2.58 및 $b^*$값 29.74이었다. 또한 항산화능을 조사한 결과, 단호박된장소스의 총 폴리페놀 함량은 5.70 mg/L, 전자공여능은 14.24%, 환원력은 1.64이었다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.525-533
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• 2009

부들화분(Cattail pollen powder)을 기능성 빵의 소재로 활용하고자 화분의 일반 성분을 분석하고 소맥분에 부들화분을 3, 6, 9% 첨가하여 반죽의 물성 변화와 제빵의 가공 적성을 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 부들화분의 일반성분은 수분 12.7-13.2%, 조단백질 15.7-17.8%, 조지방 1.3%, 유리당 7.5-7.7%, 조섬유 14.7-18.6%, 회분 3.4-4.9%, 가용성 무 질소물 49.7-55.9%이었다. 소맥분에 부들화분을 첨가한 반죽의 물리적 특성은 첨가 비율이 높아질수록 흡수율은 증가하였으며, 반죽의 안정도는 감소하였다. 부들화분의 첨가에 따라 첨가 비율이 증가할수록 falling number값이 감소하였고 amylase활성이 높아졌다. 빵 반죽의 발효력은 부들화분 3% 첨가구에서 가장 우수하게 나타났으며 완제품에 있어서도 가장 큰 부피를 나타내었다. 수분활성도는 부들화분의 첨가량이 높아질수록 대조구보다 약간 감소하는 경향을 보였고 저장기간의 경과에 따라 크게 감소하였다. 빵의 hardness, springiness는 저장함에 따라 모두 증가하여 품질이 저하됨을 알 수 있었으며 부들화분을 첨가한 식빵 제품의 유통기한은 3일까지 설정하는 것이 바람직하다고 판단되었다. 빵의 기호도 조사에서 부들화분을 3% 첨가한 식빵의 기호도가 대조구에 비하여 모든 항목에서 가장 우수하였다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.124-135
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• 2018

본 연구는 영지버섯(Ganoderma lucidum)의 영양학적 특성과 생리활성을 조사하였다. 탄수화물 함량은 원형 영지버섯이 높았고 조회분, 조지방, 조단백질 및 무기질 함량은 녹각 영지버섯이 높았다. 주요 아미노산, 지방산, 무기질 및 수용성 비타민은 valine(원형: 11.90 mg/g 및 녹각: 17.18 mg/g), linoleic acid(원형: 47.56% 및 녹각: 75.68%), 칼륨(원형: 116.50 mg/100 g 및 녹각: 184.36 mg/100 g) 및 비타민 $B_3$(원형: 1.78 mg/100 g 및 녹각: 1.81 mg/100 g) 있었다. 한편 ${\beta}$-glucan 함량은 각각 34.15 g/100 g(원형)과 30.07 g/100 g(녹각)로 검출되었다. 추출조건 중 $40^{\circ}C-70%$ 에탄올 추출물에서 가장 우수한 라디칼 소거활성과 탄수화물 및 지방분해 효소 저해활성을 나타내었다. 특히, $40^{\circ}C-70%$ 에탄올로 추출한 원형영지버섯의 1 mg/mL 처리 시 DPPH, ABTS 및 hydroxyl 라디칼 소거활성과 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase, ${\alpha}$-amylase 및 pancreatic lipase 저해활성은 각각 92.85, 99.74, 58.09, 89.68, 44.68, 67.56%로 나타났다.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.140-149
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• 2021

버섯 다당류는 면역 조절 기능, 항암 및 항산화 활성을 비롯하여 항바이러스 활성과 방사선스트레스의 경감등 인체에 유익한 다양한 생리활성을 나타낸다. 본 연구에서는 분홍느타리버섯 (Pleurotus djamor var. roseus Corner)으로부터 뜨거운 물과 에탄올 침전을 이용하여 5.6%의 수율로 갈색을 띠는 경화된 다당류(CPs)를 순차적으로 추출하였다. 이렇게 추출된 CP는 Diethylaminoethyl cellulose(DEAE) 및 sepharose-6B 컬럼 분리를 통해 4개의 분획을 얻었고 각 분획의 총 글루칸 함량은 각각 76.85%, 2.95%, 75.08%, 1.46%로 밝혀졌다. 이중 가장 높은 수율의 분획(PP)으로부터 300 mg의 백색 분말이 얻어 졌으며, 박층 크로마토그래피(TLC)와 푸리에 변환 적외선 분광법(FTIR)의 결과로부터 자일로펜토스 유형의 화합물과 함께 다당류 부분의 존재를 확인하였다. PP의 항산화 활성은 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl(DPPH) 자유라디칼 소거 분석 및 슈퍼옥사이드 라디칼 소거 분석을 통하여 높은 활성을 나타냄을 확인하였다. PP분획에는 페놀, 단백질 및 단순 탄수화물이 없는 정제된 베타글루칸이 주 구성성분으로, 정제된 다당류가 천연 항산화제로 사용될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.48-55
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• 2021

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of wilting and microbial inoculant treatment on the fermentation pattern and quality of Italian ryegrass silage. Methods: Italian ryegrass was harvested at heading stage and ensiled into vinyl bags (20 cm×30 cm) for 60d. Italian ryegrass was ensiled with 4 treatments (NWNA, no-wilting noadditive; NWA, no-wilting with additive; WNA, wilting no-additive; WA, wilting with additive) in 3 replications, wilting time was 5 hours and additives were treated with 106 cfu/g of Lactobacillus plantarum. The silages samples were collected at 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 20, 30, 45, and 60 days after ensiling and analyzed for the ensiling quality and characteristics of fermentation patterns. Results: Wilting treatment resulted in lower crude protein and in vitro dry matter digestibility and there were no significant differences in acid detergent fiber (ADF), total digestible nutrient (TDN), water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC), ammonia content, and pH (p>0.05). However, wilting treatment resulted in higher ADF and neutral detergent fiber content of Italian ryegrass silage (p<0.05), and the WNA treatment showed the lowest TDN and in vitro dry matter digestibility. The pH of the silage was higher in the wilting group (WNA and WA) and lower in the additive treatment group. Meanwhile, the decrease in pH occurred sharply between the 3-5th day of storage. The ammonia nitrogen content was significantly lower in the additive treatment (p<0.05), and wilting had no effect. As fermentation progressed, the lactic and acetic acid contents were increased and showed the highest content at 30 days of storage. Conclusion: The wilting treatment did not significantly improve the silage fermentation, but the inoculant treatment improved the fermentation patterns and quality of the silage. So, inoculation before ensiling is recommended when preparing high quality of Italian ryegrass silage, and when wilting, it is recommended to combine inoculation for making high quality silage.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.91-103
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• 2021

To improve the fermentation quality of silage and reduce the nutrients loss of raw materials during the ensiling process, silage additives are widely used. The effect of additives on silage is also affected by the species of crop. Therefore, this study was designed to explore the effects of formic acid (FA) and lactic acid bacterial inoculant on the quality of main summer crop silage. The experiment was consisted on split-plot design with three replications. The experiment used the main summer forage crops of proso millet ("Geumsilchal"), silage corn ("Gwangpyeongok"), and a sorghum-sudangrass hybrid ("Turbo-gold"). Treatments included silage with Lactic acid bacterial Inoculant (Lactobacillus plantarum [LP], 1.0 × 106 CFU/g fresh matter), with FA (98%, 5 mL/kg), and a control (C, without additive). All silages were stored for 60 days after preparation. All additives significantly increased the crude protein content and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of the silages and also reduced the content of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and pH. Corn had the highest content of IVDMD, total digestible nutrients and relative feed value among silages. Compared with the control, irrespective of whether FA or LP was added, the water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) of three crops was largely preserved and the WSC content in the proso millet treated with FA was the highest. The treatment of LP significantly increased the lactic acid content of the all silage, while the use of FA significantly increased the content of acetic acid (p < 0.05). The highest count of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) was detected in the LP treatment of corn. In all FA treatment groups, the total microorganism and mold numbers were significantly lower than those of the control and LP groups (p < 0.05). In conclusion, both additives improved the fermentation quality and nutritional composition of the main summer forage crops. The application of FA effectively inhibited the fermentation of the three crops, whereas LAB promoted fermentation. So, both FA and LP can improve the quality of various species of silage.

• 청정기술
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2021

항생제는 감염병 환자의 치료, 농수축산업의 생산성 향상을 위한 목적으로 광범위하게 사용되는 약물이다. 그러나 항생제 과용 및 낮은 생분해성으로 인해 상당량이 하수로 누출되어 환경오염을 유발하며 내성 박테리아 출현을 촉진하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 생분해성 혈청 단백질인 알부민을 항생제 흡착제로 사용하기 위한 가능성을 탐구하였다. 혈청 알부민은 다양한 대사 산물과 호르몬을 모든 조직의 혈관 외 공간으로 운반하는 천연 혈액 단백질이다. 혈청 알부민은 수용성이 높지만 이온성, 친수성 또는 소수성 분자를 쉽게 수용하는 고유 결합 부위를 가지고 있어 나노 흡착제로 유망한 물질이다. 코아세르베이션(coacervation)을 유도하기 위해 탈용매제인 에탄올을 알부민 수용액에 적가하여 150 ~ 170 nm 크기 범위의 알부민 나노 입자로 탈수화 및 액-액분리 하였다. 글루타르알데히드 가교제를 첨가할 경우 알부민 나노입자의 크기 안정성 및 동질성이 증가하였다. 항생제 아목시실린에 대한 알부민 나노입자의 흡착능 평가에서 가교제 사용 농도, pH에 따른 흡착능의 차이가 관찰되었다. 분광광도법으로 측정한 알부민 나노입자의 단위질량당(mg) 최대 흡착능은 pH 4.0 수용액에서 아목시실린 12.4 마이크로그램(㎍)이다. 이러한 결과는 물에서 항생제를 제거하는 천연 나노 흡착제를 제조하기 위한 구성 물질로서 혈청 알부민의 잠재력을 보여준다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.1064-1071
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• 2022

Arabinogalactans have diverse biological properties and can be used as pharmaceutical agents. Most arabinogalactans are composed of β-(1→3)-galactan, so it is particularly important to identify β-1,3-galactanases that can selectively degrade them. In this study, a novel exo-β-1,3-galactanase, named PoGal3, was screened from Penicillium oxalicum sp. 68, and hetero-expressed in P. pastoris GS115 as a soluble protein. PoGal3 belongs to glycoside hydrolase family 43 (GH43) and has a 1,356-bp gene length that encodes 451 amino acids residues. To study the enzymatic properties and substrate selectivity of PoGal3, β-1,3-galactan (AG-P-I) from larch wood arabinogalactan (LWAG) was prepared and characterized by HPLC and NMR. Using AG-P-I as substrate, purified PoGal3 exhibited an optimal pH of 5.0 and temperature of 40℃. We also discovered that Zn²⁺ had the strongest promoting effect on enzyme activity, increasing it by 28.6%. Substrate specificity suggests that PoGal3 functions as an exo-β-1,3-galactanase, with its greatest catalytic activity observed on AG-P-I. Hydrolytic products of AG-P-I are mainly composed of galactose and β-1,6-galactobiose. In addition, PoGal3 can catalyze hydrolysis of LWAG to produce galacto-oligomers. PoGal3 is the first enzyme identified as an exo-β-1,3-galactanase that can be used in building glycan blocks of crucial glycoconjugates to assess their biological functions.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.241-248
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• 2022

Objective : The purpose of this trial is to observe the preliminary effects of Salvia plebeia (SP) extract on quality of life in patients with solid cancer. Methods : This is a prospective, open-label, single-arm, and single-dose clinical trial. Twenty participants who have been diagnosed with solid cancer between the ages of 20 and 65 will be included. All participants will be administered SP granules for 12 weeks. Data will be collected at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after enrollment. The primary outcome is quality of life, using the Korean version of the Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy-General questionnaire. Secondary outcomes include tumor markers in blood tests for each cancer type, soluble programmed death-ligand 1, the percentage of natural killer cells among lymphocytes, ratio of T-helper and T-suppressor cells, ratio of total T, T-helper, T-suppressor, and B cells in lymphocytes, level of C-reactive protein, and tumor size via radiology examination. Safety will be assessed by clinical laboratory tests and monitoring of adverse events. Discussion : This study aims to observe the effects of an oral administration of SP preparations in patients with solid cancer on changes in quality of life and an improvement in immune function. It is expected to provide objective evidence of the effect and safety of SP for patients with solid cancer. Trial registration: KCT0007315 (Clinical Research Information Service)

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제35권12호
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• pp.1892-1903
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• 2022

Objective: A series of experiment were conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing a part of soybean meal (SBM) at 6% of broiler diets with fermented soybean meal (FSBM) obtained by single or two-stage fermentation by measuring growth performance, antioxidant activity in the jejunum and distal intestinal microflora. Methods: Soybean meal samples were prepared by single-stage fermentation using Bacillus velezensis (Bv) (FSBM_B), or Lactobacillus spp. (as commercial control) (FSBM_L). Additional SBM sample was prepared by two-stage fermentation using Bv and subsequently using Lactobacillus brevis ATCC 367 (Lb) (FSBM_B+L). Enzyme activity, chemical composition, trichloroethanoic acid-nitrogen solubility index (TCA-NSI) and antioxidant activity were measured. Then, in an in vivo study, 320 Ross308 broilers were divided into four groups with ad libitum supply of feed and water. Four groups were fed either a corn-soybean meal diet (SBM), or one of fermented SBM diets (FSBM_B+L, FSBM_B, and FSBM_L). Growth, serum characteristics, microflora, and the mRNA expression of selected genes were measured. Results: Compared to SBM, FSBM_B+L contained lower galacto-oligosaccharide, allergic protein, and trypsin inhibitor, and higher TCA-NSI by about three times (p<0.05). Reducing power and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging ability correlated positively with the TCA-NSI content in FSBM. Growth performances were not significantly different among four groups. In jejunum of 35-day-old broilers, partial replacement of SBM by FSBM_B+L increased the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase (CAT), and the FSBM_B group had the highest catalase activity (p<0.05). Partial replacement of SBM by FSBM increased relative mRNA expressions of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and peptide transporter 1 (PepT1) (p<0.05); however, FSBM_B+L increased CAT mRNA level to 5 times of the control (p<0.05). Conclusion: Using Bv- and Lb-processed SBM through two-stage fermentation to partially replace 6% of diets will improve the gut's antioxidant activity under commercial breeding in broilers.