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A Research on Perception of Leadership Affects Long-term Working Intention in the Beauty Service Employees (미용서비스종사자의 리더십 지각이 장기근속의도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • Oh, Jin Sook;Youn, Chun Sung
    • Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.21-32
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    • 2012
  • The current beauty service of Korea is upgrading its outside appearance from traditional small-shop image and its speed of change and competition are more severe than ever before. The top priority trait of beauty management is based on man-power resource, and personnel-management is the most important thing that more than anything else. Compared with other arenas of business, personnel management plays a key role in beauty industry. As a result, this research begins with the issue of personnel management. In addition, I will show that the management leadership of beauty service affects organization civil actions and changing jobs in the beauty industry employees, and the leadership can lower changing job rate to some extent. The role and duty of business manager is very significant because the dependence of man-power resource is magnificent in beauty service. In spite of rapid changing of economic surroundings, the management of beauty service is still working without any detail plans. It is no exaggeration to say that the most of beauty service managers are lack of leadership conception. Although the demands of customers are changing everyday, the frequent changing of jobs among talented employees drops customers credibility and high-quality service. From a management viewpoint, re-training cost of employees leads to economic loss and the company suffers from financial problems. As a result, it creates vicious circle in the beauty industry. Today, the management atmosphere in the beauty service is hard to get its right track because of the cutthroat competitions of beauty industry and difficulties of hiring promising employees. It has been said that "Nothing ventured, Nothing gained" Above all, the beauty service requires job speciality and it produces economic profits. Therefore, the managers desperately need to change the way they regard those with job changers. In this research shows the principal index of the leadership type of beauty business managers how much affects its employees' long-term working condition. The new concept of leadership, such as alternative suggestions, setting goals, and organization civil action will reorganize the stereo-type frame. I will also investigate the factors of job changing and intention of the beauty service employees for the development option of the beauty industry.

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The NACUFOK Business Consulting's Influence on the Management Performance of the Primary Credit Unions (신협중앙회 경영컨설팅이 단위신협의 경영성과에 미치는 영향)

  • Kang, Seong Moo;Ryu, Duk Wi
    • Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.101-112
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    • 2012
  • Business consulting which aims at advising overall management, comparative advantage in competitive environment, administration and so forth is deemed to be significant so that a credit union may flexibly respond to rapid and complicated financial environment. Accordingly, business consulting has been initiated and implemented in credit union since 2002, which seemingly leads to positive outcome to enhance its competitiveness. However, very few research exists which analyze the credit union's competitiveness and business performance after the business consulting. Thus, the research intends to verify how consulting influences on management performance by its various factors. With the above studies in mind, hypothesis is formed that the characteristics of a consulting comsumer and the characteristics of supplier will give a meaningful impact on management performance. The test shows the result as followings: Firstly, a primary credit union's trust and NACUFOK's expertise demonstrate that they are closely relevant to financial and non financial management performance. Secondly, support and willingness to apply states that they influences on non financial performance, while no direct impact is found to financial performance. Thirdly, NACUFOK's capability is rarely interrelated to financial and non financial performance. The present study implies that the credit union as a consulting beneficiary should participate in the consulting, accept the result, and make effort to solve the management problems. In addition, NACUFOK as a consulting supplier should initiate the organization in exclusive charge, perform the professional group, and foster the professional consultant for the development of consulting method, the improvement of consulting process, and the specialization of consultant including the enhancement of core competencies. When these perspectives are sufficient, it will be connected to the management outcomes, further, it will be boosted up the competitiveness of the Credit Union. Hopefully the present study helps to motivate the consulting of primary credit union, boost up the effectiveness of consulting, further, providing the perspective on consulting the credit union. And these may result in the indication of consulting development direction and the competitiveness of Credit Union.

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Research on Changing of Renal Relative Uptake Depending on the Setting of Background ROI in Kidney MAG3 Study of Hydronephrosis Patients (Hydronephrosis 환자의 Kidney MAG3 검사 시 Background ROI 설정에 따른 신장 상대 섭취율 변화에 관한 연구)

  • Noh, Ik Sang;Ahn, Byung Ho;Kim, Soo Yung;Choi, Sung Wook
    • The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.25-30
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    • 2013
  • Purpose: To evaluate kidney function, renal relative uptake is very important and is affected by kidney and the setting of background region of interest (ROI). In particular, in the case of patients with hydronephrosis to the naked eyes, such as size, position and shape etc. can be difficult to identify. So according to ROI to be set by user, the results are many differences. This study assumes the ROI of a constant kidney. According to the change of background ROI by analyzing renal relative uptake affect how the results are intended to study. Materials and Methods: From January 2012 to February 2013, we analyzed 27 patients with hydronephrosis who were examined MAG3 test in nuclear medicine department of Samsung medical center. After patients were received intravenous injection of 99mTcMAG3 185 MBq (5 mCi) data were obtained. While we reconstructed images of patients, we've changed background ROI in the process of setting up ROI. First, in the process of renal processing, automatic ROI which set automatically and background ROI which needed to set manually were compared. Second, we set the ROI position separated by above, lateral and bottom of kidney. Third, background setting time were compared with 1-2 min and 2-3 min. Results: The relative uptake occurred in 3.7%p of the errors on average in Automatic & Manual ROI study. And comparison of background ROI position study, located in the lower position was more accurate results. Above, lateral, bottom each of the values 74.6%, 67.6% and 62.0% showed respectively. The standard value was 59.9%. finally, split function range test doesn't show significant difference. Conclusion: The study shows that relative uptake of kidney is affected in the background ROI. Therefore, it should be set by considering various dependent factors.

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The Effect of Drought Simulated by Discharge Control on Water Quality and Benthic Diatom Community in the Indoor Experimental Channel (인공하천에서 유량감소로 모사한 가뭄효과가 수질 및 부착돌말류 군집에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Hye-Jin;Kim, Baik-Ho;Kong, Dong-Soo;Hwang, Soon-Jin
    • Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • v.45 no.1
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    • pp.129-138
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    • 2012
  • We investigated an ecological impact of drought simulated by discharge depletion on the water quality and benthic diatom community in the indoor experimental channel. As artificial substrates slide-glass was installed in acrylic channel for 16 days. Channels were supplied continuously with eutrophic lake water with a discharge rate of 6 L min1 in duplication during the colonized period. And then during the discharge depletion period, three discharge rates were provided: NDF (No depletion of flow rate (Control): 6 L min1), LDF (Low depletion of flow rate: 3 L min1) and HDF (High depletion of flow rate: 1 L min1). Environmental factors in the water, such as suspended solid, Chl-a and nutrients concentration, were measured with periphytic algae including AFDM (ash free dry matter), Chl-a concentration and cell density at 1-day intervals. Light intensity increased significantly with discharge depletion (F=229.5, p= 0.000). NH4-N concentration was highest at HDF. Suspended solid in outflowing water decreased at HDF (88%), LDF (97%) and NDF (99%), compared to inflowing water (100 %). Chl-a in substrates increased more than two times at LDF and HDF than NDF (F= 8.399, p=0.001). Also AFDM and benthic diatom density increased significantly at LDF and HDF than NDF (F=9.390, p=0.001; F=6.088, p=0.007). In all experimental groups, Aulacoseira ambigua, Achnanthes minutissima and Aulacoseira granulata were dominant species accounting for greater than 10% of benthic diatom density. The most dominant species, A. ambigua was highest at LDF, followed by HDF and NDF (F=8.551, p=0.001). In conclusion, the effect of drought simulated by discharge depletion in an artificial stream ecosystem caused significant changes on water quality and benthic diatom biomass. This result provides a useful data to understand the effect of draught on stream ecosystem in situ.

GATA-3 is a Key Factor for Th1/Th2 Balance Regulation by Myristicin in a Murine Model of Asthma (Myristicin이 Ovalbumin으로 유도한 천식 생쥐모델에서 Th1/Th2 Balance를 조절하는 GATA-3에 미치는 효과)

  • Lee, Kyu;Lee, Chang-Min;Jung, In-Duk;Jeong, Young-Il;Chun, Sung-Hak;Park, Hee-Ju;Choi, Il-Whan;Ahn, Soon-Cheol;Shin, Yong-Kyoo;Lee, Sang-Yull;Yeom, Seok-Ran;Kim, Jong-Suk;Park, Yeong-Min
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.17 no.8 s.88
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    • pp.1090-1099
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    • 2007
  • Myristicin, l-allyl-3,4-methylenedioxy-5-methoxybenzene, was one of the major essential oils of nutmeg. However, its anti-allergic effect in the Th1/Th2 immune response was poorly understood. Recently, it was shown that T-bet and GATA-3 was master Th1 and Th2 regulatory transcription factors. In this study, we have attempted to determine whether myristicin regulates Th1/Th2 cytokine production, T-bet and GATA-3 gene expression in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma model mice. Myristicin reduced levels of IL-4, Th2 cytokine production in OVA-sensitized and challenged mice. In the other side, it increased IFNγ, Th1 cytokine production in myristicin administrated mice. We also examined to ascertain whether myristicin could influence eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) activity. After being sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) showed typical asthmatic reactions. These reactions included an increase in the number of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, an increase in inflammatory cell infiltration into the lung tissue around blood vessels and airways, and the development of airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR). The administration of myristicin before the last airway OVA challenge resulted in a significant inhibition of all asthmatic reactions. Accordingly, these findings provide new insight into the immunopharmacological role of myristicin in terms of its effects in a murine model of asthma.

Analysis of Hemolytic Microflora from the Ark Shell (Scapharca broughtonii) (패류(Scapharca broughtonii) 유래의 용혈활성 미생물 다양성 분석)

  • Kim, Dong-Gyun;Nam, Bo-Hye;Kong, Hee-Jeong;Kim, Woo-Jin;Kim, Bong-Seok;Jee, Young-Ju;Lee, Sang-Jun;Jung, Choon-Goo;Kong, Mi-Sun;Kim, Young-Ok
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.22 no.5
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    • pp.642-649
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    • 2012
  • The southern coast of Korea is important for the ark shell (Scapharca broughtonii) aquaculture, but the productivity was rapidly reduced during the previous decade by mass mortality. To overcome this economic loss, investigations only focused on environmental factors, and microbiological researches were performed insufficiently. In this study, two sites (Gangjin and Jinhae bay) were selected for their high and low rate of mortality, respectively, and the existence of microflora from underwater sediments in the bodies of S. broughtonii was analyzed. We screened the whole body of each sample and chose unique colonies, which exhibit alpha- and beta-hemolytic activity, for identification. The microflora in S. broughtonii was less variable than sediments, and restricted species were isolated. We identified 17 genera of 88 species and 16 genera of 64 species from the two bays, respectively. A major proportion was comprised of Bacillus species, with the Bacillus cereus group being the most common species among the Bacillus strains, while Paenibacillus, Lynsilbacillus, and Vibrio species were the second most abundant species. At the genus level, there were no significant microbial differences between the two coastal regions. 64 species were isolated from rare site (Jinhae bay), but more species (88) with greater variety were isolated from the frequent site (Gangjin bay). Therefore, it was assumed that the cause of mass mortality lay in the difference in specie-level diversity, and conducting investigations on the diagnosis of pathogenic species by challenging tests using isolated unique species.

Perception and Preference for Tangpyeongchae by Chinese and American University Students (중국인 및 미국인 유학생의 탕평채에 대한 인식 및 기호도)

  • Lee, Kyong Ae;Kim, Bo Ram;Choe, Eunok;Kim, Jung In
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.29 no.3
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    • pp.301-308
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    • 2013
  • This study investigated the recognition and preference of foreign students to Tangpyeongchae, in order to suggest strategy for developing Tangpyeongchae acceptable for them. Questionnaires translating in Chinese and English were given to 75 Chinese and American university students in Chungnam province. A total of 70 questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS software(version 12.0). The students were asked about impression, recognition, preference and factors for improving acceptability of Tangpyeongchae. The respondents consisted 51(72.9%) Chinese and 19(27.1%) Americans. This research was conducted from May 11 to May 18, 2012. The results of this study were as follows : Impression after eating Tangpyeongchae got better scores than first impression by Chinese students, whereas there were no significant differences in Americans' impression. The main reason for good impression after eating it was 'good taste'. The Chinese and Americans' mean overall acceptance scores of Tangpyeongchae were 4.06 and 3.86 on 5-point scale, respectively, showing that they had high acceptance for Tangpyeongchae. Most of the Chinese students chose 'taste' as the most important factor for enhancing the popularity for Tangpyeongchae. It proposed that the control of taste may be a main factor, and then need to develop the sauce and seasonings which is suitable for Chinese taste for developing Chinese favorite Tangpyeongchae. Most of American students answered the texture should be improved for Americans' preference.

Expression Pattern of Progesterone Receptor, Integrin, Cyclooxygenase (COX) in Human Endometrium of Patients with Endometriosis (자궁내막증 환자의 자궁내막내 성호르몬 수용체, Integrins, Cyclooxygenase의 발현과 변이 양상)

  • Kim, Mi-Ran;Park, Dong-Wook;Kwon, Hyuek-Chan;Hwang, Kyoung-Joo;Joo, Hee-Jae;Cho, Dong-Jae;Kim, Sei-Kwaug;Oh, Kie-Suk
    • Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.117-131
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    • 2000
  • Objectives: To develop a new immunohistochemical marker system for supplementation of the Noyes histological classification of the endometrium in women of child bearing age with regular menstrual cycles, and to employ this system to evaluate pathologic factors involved in endometriosis, and thus to ascertain if it is useful in diagnosis. Materials and Methods: Endometrial biopsies were sampled from the posterior fundus of 41 (24 proliferative phases, 17 secretory phases) women with regular menstrual cycles (28-32 days), and each sample was immunohistochemically stained according to Noyes et al (1975) for determination of expression for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), integrin α1, α4, β3, COX-1 and COX-2. Then, the PR, integrin β3 and COX-2 which were clearly expressed in the luteal phase was with endometrial samples were obtained from 20 cases of normal patients (group 1) and 25 cases with endometriosis (group 2) after confirming the day of ovulation by sex steroid level measurements 7-8 days after ovulation Results: In the regular menstruation group the expression of ER showed a tendency to be increased in the proliferative phase and decreased in the secretory phase, and was the highest in the proliferative phase. However, PR in the stromal cells showed no change in the entire menstrual cycle while in the epithelial cells, PR reached a peak in the late proliferative phase and was almost absent in the secretory phase. Integrin (α1, α4, and β3 expression in the epithelial cells was absent in the proliferative phase but α1 was strongly expressed starting from the early secretory phase into the entire secretory phase. α4 was expressed strongly in the early and mid secretory phases and disappeared in the late proliferative phase, while β3 appeared after the mid secretory phase and continued to be expressed until the late secretory phase. Expression in the stromal cells was weak overall and did not show any cyclic pattern. COX-1 expression was shown as a cyclic pattern in the stromal and epithelial cells and was particularly strongly expressed in the mid secretory phase of epithelial cells, and in the mid secretory and menstruation phase of stromal cells. In the endometrial epithelial cells there was strong expression during the entire cycle with stronger expression in the secretory phase compared to the prolferative phase. COX-2 was clearly expressed in the late proliferative, early and mid secretory phases in the stromal cells. No expression was observed in the proliferative phase of the epithelial cells, but which began to appear in the early secretory phase reaching a significant pattern from the mid secretory phase onwards. There was almost no expression in the stromal cells. In the cases with endometriosis showing normal endometrial maturation according to the Noyes classification, PR expression was increased while Integrin-β3의 expression was significantly decreased compared to the normal group. Also, COX-2 expression was slightly decreased in the stromal cells of patients with endometriosis while it was significantly increased in the stromal cells. Conclusion: Immunohistochemical markers can supplement the original Noyes classification of histological endometrial dating and therefore ascertain existing pathologic conditions. Particularly for patients with endometriosis with normally mature endometrial cells, changes in COX-2 and integrin expression patterns may assist in elucidating pathophysiologic mechanisms and therefore aid in the diagnosis of abnormal implantation conditions, and consequently determine a treatment modality.

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Sick Building Syndrome in 130 Underground Workers (지하상가 근무자의 건강 장애에 관한 실태조사)

  • Joo, Ree;SaKong, Joon;Chung, Jong-Hak;Park, Sang-Whan;Kim, Dong-Hee;Kim, Dong-Min;Choi, Eun-Kyong;Cho, Hyun-Geon
    • Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.325-340
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    • 1998
  • A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between sick building syndrome(SBS) and the environmental factors affecting SBS on 130 underground workers and 60 controls. The study consisted of 1) a review of environmental condition 2) measurement of temperature, O2, CO2, CO, and formaldehyde and 3) a questionnaire survey of symptom prevalence and perception of environmental conditions using indoor Air Quality questionnaire recommended by National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Bronchitis and dust allergy were more prevalent in underground workers significantly(p < 0.05). Among the 18 symptoms related to the indoor air pollution, the experience rate of dry, itching or irritated eyes, sore or dry throat, chest tightness, tired or strained eyes and dry or itchy skin symptom was significantly different between the underground workers and controls. The diagnostic criteria of SBS was defined as at least 1 symptom is experienced 1-3 times a week during the last 1 month among 18 indoor air pollution related symptoms which can be relieved by moving out of the underground. Applying the criteria, the mean symptom score was significant higher in underground workers than controls significantly (p < 0.05). These resalts indicated that underground workers are under inappropriate ergonomic and physical condition and inadequate ventilation. Their experience rate of symptoms related to indoor air pollution and prevalence of SBS was significantly higher than controls. To reduce the prevalence of SBS of underground workers, the surveillance system of indoor air quality, restriction of using fuel in underground and legislative regulations for the environment are needed to establish a better indoor air quality. Early detection, treatment and prevention of SBS through medical attention is also needed.

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The Content Analysis of the Earliest Memories and Dreams of Psychiatric Disorders (정신질환자(精神疾患者)의 최초기억(最初記憶)과 꿈의 내용분석(內容分析))

  • Park, Byung-Tak
    • Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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    • v.1 no.1
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    • pp.67-87
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    • 1984
  • The earliest memories and dreams have been investigated in many aspects; biological, psychological, statistical, and psychotherapeutic, in psychiatric field. The approach methods to these psychic contents are innumerable according to the schools, the collector's attitudes to these materials, the collecting methods and the variable factors of the reporter. In this study the author attempted to compare the distribution of the aggression and dependency themes in these psychic contents among groups of different sexes and clinical diagnoses. In this purpose the author devised new scales, the Aggression and the Dependency Scales for the earliest memories and dreams which are composed of 12-theme classes, according to 3 aspects of the ego attitudes and 4 degrees of the intensity of drives. The scales were tested on a series of the earliest memories and dreams from 100 male medical students by two raters. The interrater reliabilities, measured by kappa method, were all significant at better than the .001 level. The author collected the reports of the earliest memories and dreams from 293 schizophrenics (161 males and 132 females) and 301 neurotics (164 males and 137 females) who were either outpatients or inpatients of 5 general hospitals and 2 private neurospychiatric clinics and from 310 controls (169 males and 141 females) who were either students, housewives or employees in Taegu area during the periods from March to August, 1980 and from April to August, 1983. The author compared the contents of the earliest memories and dreams from these 3 clinical groups on the newly devised scales and the results could be summarized as follows: In general, the contents of the earliest memories showed more differences among diagnostically different groups, while the contents of dreams showed more differences among sexually different groups. The dependency themes were more frequent than the aggression thems in all groups. The aggression themes were more frequent in dreams than in the earliest memories. Of the earliest memory themes, the distribution of the aggression themes was different among clinical groups, i.e., most frequent in schizophrenics, next in neurotics, and least in controls. The distribution of the dependency themes was in reverse order. Attitudes of being attacked were more frequent in schizophrenics. Observing attitudes of dependency need were more frequent in neurotics while gratifying attitudes were more frequent in controls. Highest degrees of aggression and delpendency were more frequent in neurotics. In the distribution of the dream themes, there were some differences among male and female schizophrenics. Aggression themes, especially active and the highest degree of aggression, were more frequent in male sclizophrenics, while dependency themes, especially frustrated themes, were more frequent in female schizophrenics. Among 3 clinical groups, observing attitudes of dependency need were more frequent in female groups, while gratifying attitudes were more frequent in male groups.

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