• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2002년도 기초기술위원회 워크샵
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• pp.53-80
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• 2002

Settlement in the Shallow Foundation are presented. Various practical methods to calculate immediate settlement, consolidation settlement, and secondary compression of the compressive soils under the shallow foundation are summerized. Especially the critical depth for settlement calculation, the contact pressure, the allowable settlement of the shallow foundation are recommended.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 1999년도 연약지반처리위원회 학술세미나
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• pp.78-83
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• 1999

The ultimate settlement of soft clay consists of three parts: $\circled1$ immediate settlement, S$\sub$d/; $\circled2$ Primary consolidation settlement, S$\sub$c/; $\circled3$ Secondary consolidation settlement, S$\sub$s/. In general, S$\sub$c/ can be accurately calculated by one-dimensional consolidation and S$\sub$s/ or S$\sub$d/ may be ignored. This paper focuses on a calculation method to estimate the immediate settlement induced by lateral deformation of subgrade, to which shear stress is applied by embankment on soft ground. Immediate settlement and consolidation settlement are discussed by comparing the field measurement of the Yangsan test embankment on treated soft foundation by vertical paper drains.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1405-1410
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• 2006

Purpose of this research is that offers basic data for optimized design using neural network method to calculate consolidation settlement in study area. In this research, preformed the neural network method that analyzed the settlement characteristics of soft ground nearby study area. Thus, data base established on ground properties and consolidation settlement of neighboring area. In addition, designed the optimum neural network model for prediction of settlement through network learning and consolidation settlement prediction using consolidation settlement DB and ground properties DB. Optimized neural network model decided by repeated learning for various case of hidden layers. In this study, proposed that the optimized consolidation settlement calculation method using neural network and verified which is the optimized consolidation settlement calculation method using neural network.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.77-86
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• 2008

현재 사용되고 있는 여러 가지 얕은기초 침하량 예측식에 대한 신뢰성 평가를 위해 얕은기초에 대한 각종 재하시험 데이터, 기초의 형상과 위치 및 지반 원위치시험 관련사항을 조사하여 데이터베이스(D/B)로 구축하였으며 이를 바탕으로 통계분석을 실시할 수 있는 해석프로그램을 제작하여 기존 침하량 산정 공식의 정확도(accuracy)와 신뢰수준(reliability), 특히, 기존 침하량 공식의 침하비(s/B) 대비 안정성을 평가하여 기 사용 5개식에 대한 평가결과를 제시하였다. 현재수준의 분석결과는 D/B의 양과 질에 좌우되므로 양질의 데이터를 추가로 확보하고 5가지 이외의 방법까지 분석하면 신뢰성과 정확성을 파악하면서 설계에 적용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2013

As a new foundation treatment technology, long-short pile composite's design theory is still in primary phase, and there are no explicit settlement calculation methods in active codes. So it is necessary to study the working mechanism and the methods of settlement calculation. In this paper, the mechanics of long-short pile composite foundation are fully discussed. Meanwhile, based on the shear deformation method, the Mylonakis & Gazetas models about mutual action between two piles and the one between pile and soil are introduced, Considering the performance of cushion, the flexible factors of mutual actions are provided. Then the settlement calculation of long-short pile composite foundation which can consider the mutual actions between pile, soil and cap is deduced, and the correlated program is also developed. Finally, an engineering example is discussed with the method. A comparison shows that calculated results and measured data from a field test pile are in a good agreement, indicating that the presented approach is feasible and applicable in engineering practice.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2001년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.147-158
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• 2001

In general, two methods have been used to predict settlement of soft ground. One method is Terzaghi's one dimensional consolidation theory which gives time-settlement relationship using the standard consolidation test results. The other is forecasting method of ground settlement to be occured in the future using in-situ monitoring data. The above both methods have some defects in application manner or in itself especially in very deep and soft clayey ground. In view of the lessons and experiences of soft ground improvement projects, several techniques were proposed for more accurate theorectical calculation of consolidation settlement as follows ; ① Subdivision of soft ground, ② Consideration of secondary compression, ③ Using the modified compression index, etc. And also, revised hyperbolic fitting method was suggested to minimize the error of predicted future settlement. In addition, revised De-Beer equation of immediate settlement of loose sandy soil was proposed to overcome the tendency to show too small settlement calculation results by original De-Deer equation. And also, considering the various effects of settlement delay in the improved ground by vertical drains, time-settlement caculation equation(Onoue method) was revised to match the tendency of settlement delay by using the characteristics of discharge capacity decreases of vertical drain with time elapse by the pattern of hyperbolic equation.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.49-54
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• 2012

연약지반 개량공사에서 최종압밀침하량은 침하관리와 준공시기를 결정하는 데 중요하다. 설계 시 점토층의 최종압밀침하량의 산정은 압축지수를 이용하는 방법이 가장 많이 이용되고 있다. 압축지수는 압밀시험으로 얻어진 하중-침하 관계를 반대수좌표에 나타냈을 때 처녀압축곡선의 기울기이다. 종래에는 압밀층 전체를 한 개의 층으로 보고 최종압밀침하량을 산정해 왔으나, 압밀층을 여러 개의 층으로 분할했을 때 얻어지는 침하량의 차이를 알아보았다. 분할층 수와 상재하중의 크기가 압밀침하량에 미치는 영향에 대하여 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 분할층 수가 증가할수록 침하량은 증가하여 일정한 값에 수렴하며 이러한 양상은 상재하중의 크기와 무관하게 나타났다. 상재하중이 압밀층 두께에 비해 상대적으로 작을 때는 층분할효과가 매우 크게 나타났다. 보편적인 성토하중의 경우 층분할효과는 1.2-1.4 정도로 나타났으며 이 값은 최종압밀침하량 산정 시 안전율의 의미로 사용할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 2003년도 학술발표논문집
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• pp.159-162
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• 2003

In this study, it was proposed that a modified equation for estimating consolidation settlement on soft clay ground, which separate total settlement into primary and secondary settlement equation. The settlement by the proposed equation and by the measured settlements from laboratory model test was compared and verified for its application. It was appeared that the proposed equation from the laboratory model test approached to be more realistic comparing to the result of Terzaghi's equation. From the above application, it was concluded that the final settlement prediction by the Hyperbolic, Asaoka methods is needed to measure the initial period of settlement but the proposed equation could be much applicable in the lacking condition of measured data of the initial period.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.131-143
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• 2024

Shield tunneling construction commonly crosses underground pipelines in urban areas, resulting in soil loss and followed deformation of grounds and pipelines nearby, which may threaten the safe operation of shield tunneling. This paper investigated the pipeline deformation caused by double curved shield tunnels in soil-rock composite stratum in Nanjing, China. The stratum settlement equation was modified to consider the double shield tunneling. Moreover, a three dimensional finite element model was established to explore the effects of hard-layer ratio, tunnel curvature radius, pipeline buried depth and other influencing factors. The results indicate the subsequent shield tunnel would cause secondary disturbance to the soil around the preceding tunnel, resulting in increased pipeline and ground surface settlement above the preceding tunnel. The settlement and stress of the pipeline increased gradually as buried depth of the pipeline increased or the hard-layer ratio (the ratio of hard-rock layer thickness to shield tunnel diameter within the range of the tunnel face) decreased. The modified settlement calculation equation was consistent with the measured data, which can be applied to the settlement calculation of ground surface and pipeline settlement. The modified coefficients a and b ranged from 0.45 to 0.95 and 0.90 to 1.25, respectively. Moreover, the hard-layer ratio had the most significant influence on the pipeline settlement, but the tunnel curvature radius and the included angle between pipeline and tunnel axis played a dominant role in the scope of the pipeline settlement deformation.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.737-742
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• 2009

This research intends to clarify the engineering characteristics of compression index which plays the most important role in the calculation of consolidation settlement, based on the survey of the clay in the estuary of Nakdong River. In addition, it will analyze the parameters of soil and the correlation between the parameters and the existing relation, especially the correlation with compression index, through which it will propose a proper relation for the parameters of clay in this area. As a result of the study, the relation between the settlement and the compression rate using compression index showed 13% settlement error on the average. It is judged that this number can be used for forecasting the consolidation characteristics and the settlement for brief (preliminary) design when the difference between the execution settlement and the measuring settlement is regarded to be 15%.