• 전기의세계
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.41-44
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• 1978

Intermittent failures exercise their effects only part of the time but constitute a dominant factor for the field failures. We consider the data raliability of the partially self-checking network with which a single intermittent failure will be recovered by a rollback method. Even if the self-testingness of partially self-checking network is guranteed for a set of permanent failures, it sometimes may not be so for intermittent failures. We introduce the notion of error residual and provide the basis for calculating the data reliability. Both the duration of each intermittent failure and the occurrence interval of successive ones are assumed to be negative exponentially distributed; the convolution of the intervals is distributed according to an Erlangen distribution.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.611-623
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of self-directed field learning practices on student’s academic achievement and self-directed learning characteristics regarding the level of learning ability. To conduct this study, 196 students of high school students in Busan were chosen and parted into either the experimental group (98 students) or control group (98 students). Each group is classified into three categories: high level (24 students), middle level (50 students), and low level (24 students) according to the level of learning ability by the academic achievement pre-test. The areas chosen for experimenting this study range from Dusong peninsula, Molundae in Saha-gu, Songdo in Seo-gu, Pusan. Then the inquiry-model of self-directed field learning which focuses on learner-centered activity was designed based on theories concerning field learning and self-directed learning, and was applied to the experimental group. In conclusion, this teaching method using self-directed field learning is expected to improve academic achievement in science subject and increase students’ self-directed learning characteristics regardless of the students' level of academic achievement.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.51-74
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• 2020

Objective: This study tried to find out if a teacher education program that supports professionalism for beginning child care teachers in toddler classes is effective in professionalism, self-respect, and efficacy in teaching. Methods: The study subjects were 40 beginning child care teachers in toddler classes teaching in day care centers in Seoul, Incheon, and Gwangmyeong Gyeonggi-do. They were divided into an experimental group (20 teachers) and a comparative group (20 teachers). The collected data were applied to the SPSS 22.0 program. To find homogeneity of the two groups, a t-test was conducted. To analyze an intergroup difference, ANCOVA was conducted in the way of setting a pre-test score as a covariate. Results: The experimental group which participated in the program showed more positive effects than the comparative group in terms of professionalism, self-respect, and efficacy in teaching. Conclusion/Implications: Based on the results of this study, the program is expected to be meaningful in the field of early childhood education, and to lay the foundation for beginning child care teachers in toddler classes to become experts in their field.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.29-51
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• 2006

The 191 subjects of this study were counselors working with children under 18 years of age. The instrument was validated in an antecedent study and used after testing for reliability. Data were analyzed by Cronbach' a, quantification methods I, and multi-regression analysis. Results showed demographic variables at 5% of ad-$R^2$ over total burnout. Hobbies, counseling career, religion, and major field of study were significant. Marital status and caseload affected 'doubt about job.' Counseling field, qualifications and academic career affected 'negative personal relationship' and 'symptoms of somatization.' Psychological variables were 48% of ad-$R^2$ over total burnout. Self-esteem, type AB, self-insight and empathy ability for countertransference management ability were significant. Lower self-esteem, stronger type A personality, higher self-insight and lower empathy ability, produced higher degree of burnout.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.93-104
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• 2022

Purpose: This study examined the correlation between satisfaction with major, academic self-efficacy, and academic persistence with the general characteristics of students in a health-related field, to determine factors that affect academic persistence. Methods: The study was conducted on third- and fourth-grade health-field students at Daejion. The questionnaire consisted of a self-report, and a URL was sent by text message to students who agreed to participate after reading the purpose and necessity of the study. Results: Major satisfaction was 4.23 on average, academic self-efficacy was 4.15, and academic continuity was 4.25. Grade and school life satisfaction were the factors correlated with a significant difference in academic persistence. Significant positive correlations were seen between satisfaction with major (r=.637, p<.001) and academic self-efficacy (r=.563, p<.001); higher major satisfaction and academic self-efficacy led to higher academic persistence. Conclusion: A more systematic management approach needs to be conducted by developing active learning participation and applying customized counseling management and support programs by grade to improve the academic self-efficacy and academic persistence of students in health-related fields.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.345-359
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the educational effects and the improvements of the 'Science Field Trips' Program which developed with the aim of fostering the prospective elementary school teachers' ability to manage science field trips. The participants were 13 senior students from a national university of education. The results of the study are as follows: First, with regard to the effectiveness in the science instruction aspect of the prospective teachers' geological field trip as an experiential activity, the responses of the participants were children's 'scientific knowledge'(69.2%), 'science related attitudes'(46.2%), and 'science inquiry'(30.8%). Second, regarding the effectiveness of the geological field trip in their management of science field trips aspects in the future, the responses of the participants were 'teaching strategies'(92.3%), 'plan implementation'(76.9%), 'teacher's science knowledge'(61.5%), 'self-confidence'(38.5%), 'enhancement of awareness of field trips'(23.1%), and 'career guidance'(7.7%). Third, with regard to the effectiveness in the science instruction aspect of their activities of planning a science field trip in their future working districts, the responses of the participants were children's 'science knowledge'(38.5%), 'science-related attitudes'(38.5%), and 'science inquiry'(23.1%). Fourth, regarding the effectiveness in their management of science field trips aspects of the activities of planning a science field trip, the responses of the participants were 'plan implementation'(92.3%), 'the identification of science field trip sites'(84.6%), 'teaching strategies'(76.9%), 'administrative affairs'(69.2%), 'teacher's science knowledge'(30.8%), 'enhancement of awareness of field trips'(23.1%), 'career guidance'(15.4%), and 'self-confidence' (15.4%). The improvements plans of the program and the suggestions for future research is also described in this study.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.51-76
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• 2005

This study aims to investigate hypotheses for the effects of CEO's self-sacrificial leadership behaviors and employee's organizational committment of 50 Korea venture firms registered in Korea Venture Business Associations. To understand the importance of followers' characteristics in recent leadership studies on venture CEOs, it is proposed that self-sacrificial leadership behaviors will positively effect on organizational commitment. And it is also proposed that the follower's need for achievement(N-Arch) moderates in the relationship of self-sacrificial leadership behaviors and organizational commitment. After descriptive survey, research model setup, and field survey, this empirical study investigated the above mentioned hypotheses thru SPSS for Windows 12.0. It involved linear regression analysis to reveal the significant main effect of the self-sacrificial leadership behaviors. It also revealed moderating regression analysis to reveal the significant moderating effects of need for achievement between the independent variables(self-sacrificial leadership behaviors) and dependent variable(the organizational commitment). Results revealed that CEO's self-sacrificial leadership behaviors positively affected to its employee's organizational commitment under change-oriented and innovative new technology drive, self-developing environments of venture business in Korea. However, positive moderating effect of N-Arch was not supported between leader's self-sacrificial leadership behaviors and follower's organizational commitment in Korea venture firms.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.409-417
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• 2004

This study investigated the effects and development of instruction module using ICT on earth field at elementary school science. The effects by 5th graders appeared as follows; First. ICT-applied teaching method proved to enhance the science teaming achievement regardless of their grades compared to the ordinary one. Second, Instruction module using ICT devoted to improve 'self-directed learning characteristics' at all grades by comparition of the ordinary teaching method. The 5th graders showed the improvements in the fields of' openness', 'self-conception', 'initiative', 'future inclination', 'creativity', 'self-assessment ability' all of which belong to self-directed teaming characteristics. They did not, however, show meaningful effect on improving 'learning eagerness' and 'responsibility' improvement. Thirdly, ICT-applied teaching method proved that it is more effective for developing 'creativity' than the ordinary one at all sample grades. The effectiveness was presented highly at 'fluency', 'originality' all of which belong to creativity. They did not, however, show meaningful effect on improving 'flexibility'.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.20-28
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• 1994

The field of applied biofeedback as one of psychophysiological self regulation techniques began in the united states in 1950s. Biofeedback may be described as information about the effects of a response that is given to the person making that response in order to improve ways of controlling that response. This article reviewed various definitions of biofeedback, learning models, mediating processes, instrumentations to be considered during biofeedback practice, treatment procedures and clinical applications.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of career decision self-efficacy on major satisfaction among nursing students, and to examine the moderating effect of professor-student interaction on career decision self-efficacy and major satisfaction. Methods: This study analyzed the data of 307 students among fourth-year university nursing students in A and C cities from May 2017 to July 2017 using the SPSS 24.0 statistics program. Results: There were significantly positive relationships between career decision self-efficacy, major satisfaction, and professor-student interaction. The professor-student interaction showed moderating effects in the relationship between career decision self-efficacy and major satisfaction, with 52.7% of explanatory power. Conclusion: This finding suggests the importance of career decision self-efficacy and the moderating effects of professor-student interaction to increase nursing students' satisfaction in their major. Therefore, it is necessary to make diverse efforts in the field of education to improve students' career decision self-efficacy and professor-student interaction.