• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.471-478
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• 2016

The purpose of this study to examine the effect of 12 hours fasting resistance exercise on metabolic efficiency and fatigue of middle-aged female for 8 weeks. 50 middle-aged female target group pre-test exercise group(EX) and the control over the homogeneity in the control group(CON) were selected for this purpose divided into two groups. Exercise group(EX) is maintained after 8 weeks four times weeks 12 hours fasting resistance was performed for 60 minutes, the control group(CON) were compared to a normal life with the group of the exercise group(EX). Resistance applied to the exercise group(EX) were using free weights and a fixed mechanism applied around the upper and lower body exercise program for heart muscle, exercise intensity based on the 70% 1RM until 4 weeks, 5-8, which was performed by the aid program set to 80%. Through this procedure were as follows. First, 12 hours fasting resistance exercise showed the significance of the interaction effect in metabolic efficiency, blood pressure(SBP, DBP), fat, fasting glucose, fasting insulin(p<.01). Second, 12 hours fasting resistance exercise showed the significance of the interaction effect in the treatment program in which lactic acid, uric acid(p<.01).

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.177-186
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• 2004

Introduction : Recent studies Suggested that there is a strong correlation between acupuncture stimulation and its related cortical activation. Anther study showed that either positive or negative BOLD effects could be observed depending on anatomical structure in acupuncture stimulation. In ttis study, we investigated a new acupoint $KI_6$ (照海), which was known as motor-related acupoint and obtained an evidence that the stimulation of $KI_6$ resulted in either negative or positive BOLD response to stimulation. Methods & Results : 1. Subjects and paradigms : Two separate stimulation paradigms were performed on five healthy (aged 22-23 yrs) in this study. First, the paradigm of acupuncture stimulation was that the acupuncture needle was inserted in acupoints $KI_6$, which is located in lateral side of the foot and then continuously twisted(補瀉를 除外한 捻轉法) for 70 seconds for 10 cycles of activation. During rest period (70 seconds), the needle was completed removed from acupoint. Total 60 cycles were performed and 10 images were obtained per cycle. Second, nonacupoint was randomly selected and the same paradigm was performed as acupoint stimulation. The stimulation protocol comprised 10 cycles of alternating. activation and rest (10 images per cycle). Total 60 cycles were performed and each cycle take about 1.5 sec for motor task. Subjects take an at least 15 minutes break before starting anther paradigm. 2. fMRI mapping : Multi-slice functional images were obtained on a 1.5T Magnetom Vision MRI scanner (Simens Medical, Erlangen, Germany) equipped with high performance whole-body gradients. The BOLD T2 * - weighted images were acquired with acho planar imaging sequence (TR = 1.2 sec, TE = 60 msec, and flip angle = $90_{\circ}$). The other sequence parameter are : FOV = 210 mm, matrix=$64{\times}128$ or $64{\times}64$, slice number=10 and slice thickness = 5 or 8 mm. the anatomic images were obtained with Spin-echo T1-weighted images. The resulting images were then anaiyzed with STIMULATE (CMRR, U. of Minnesota) to generate functional maps using a student T-test (p < 0.005) and cluster analysis. Both positive and negative response were evaluated. Conclusions : We have observed the activation of the motor cortex by stimulating motor-related acupoint ($KI_6$). Among five subjects, negative BOLD response was shown in four and positive response in one. All subjects showed positive response to conventional finger flexion-extension task. To understand the detailed mechanisms of correlation between acupuncture stimulation and BOLD fMRI changes and two typs of response, further study strongly required.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.521-528
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• 1999

Cardiovascular disease is very prevalent in Korea, and many risk factors, if properly identified are possibly corrected. However, the study results on prevalence and distribution of risk factors may not be reliable while the risk factors of disease are always issued on health promotion projects conducted recently in a community. The subjects of this study were 854 adults who participated in the health and nutrition survey in a community. They were aged between 20 and 69 and sampled representatively. This study intended to estimate the prevalence and the distribution of risk factors of cardiovascular disease such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure levels were estimated at $123.9{\pm}2.2mgHg(men)$, $117.9{\pm}1.7mgHg$(women), and $80.4{\pm}1.5mg(men)$, $74.9{\pm}1.1mgHg(women)$, respectively. Glucose level was estimated at $99.1{\pm}2.3mg/dl$ in men, and $95.7{\pm}1.7mg/dl$ in women. The estimated level of total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were $183.4{\pm}3.8mg/dl(men)$, $181.7{\pm}3.1mg/dl(men)$, and $122.0{\pm}4.5mg/dl(women)$, and body mass index was estimated at $24.0{\pm}0.4kg/m^2$ in men and $23.9{\pm}0.4kg/m^2$ in men and $23.9{\pm}0.3kg/m^2$ in women. The prevalence of hypertension was 20.5% for men, and 14.4% for women. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was estimated to 6.9% for men, and 6.1% for women. The estimated prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was 3.8%(men), 3.9%(women). The rate of obesity was estimated to 28.5%(men), 28.4% (women), respectively. The levels of blood pressure, glucose, and cholesterol were higher in men than in women in almost all the almost ate groups. The prevalence of hypertension for men is about 20%. It was found that the prevalence of diabetes mellitus for males aged between 40 and 59 was rapidly increased. The risk factor with highest prevalence was obesity, and hypertension and diabetes mellitus were the second and third most prevalent.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.27-46
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• 2018

This study is to suggest the bibliographic description of RDA & KCR4 cataloging rules for FRBRizing the aggregates based on aggregates modeling. It is to suggest bibliographic description of RDA & KCR4 cataloging rules of aggregates through analyzing FRBR and LRM aggregates modeling and comparing RDA and KCR4 cataloging rules about aggregates. First, it is to describe the bibliographic records based on object oriented model, and to describe both aggregates works and separate works appropriately. Second, in case of aggregates by one person, family, or corporate body, collective title as aggregates work and separate works in aggregates must be regulated in RDA. In KCR4, collective titles rules should be regulated for aggregate works and separate works should be described. Third, aggregates of works by different persons, families, or corporate bodies should be accessible by aggregates work and separate works, and aggregates of works by different persons, families, or corporate bodies without collective title should be accessible by each of the works in both RDA and KCR4. Fourth, augmentation aggregates could be accessible by main work's expression, the expression of aggregates work, and separate expressions of the augmentation. This study will contribute to FRBRize the aggregates by suggesting bibliographic description of RDA & KCR4 cataloging rules.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.35-45
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• 2017

Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of modified Interactive Metronome (IM) program which is applicable to clinical practice based on the IM protocol on the behavioral symptoms, timing and motor function of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Method : This study used one-group pretest-posttest research design. 13 ADHD children aged 7-12 years in Busan were participated in this study. The participants were underwent 24 sessions of 30 minutes intervention, 3 times a week. Evaluations were performed before- and after the intervention. Measurements used in this study were Korean-ADHD Rating Scale for behavior symptom, Long Form Assessment (LFA) for the timing, and second version of Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOT-2) for the motor function. Results : There was a significant improvement in hyperactivity / impulsivity among the behavioral symptoms, and there was a statistically significant improvement in timing, hand coordination, and body coordination. Conclusion : Modified IM program for clinical application has significant effect on improving behavioral symptoms, timing and motor function of children with ADHD.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.71 no.1
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• pp.24-29
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• 2011

Background: The rising prevalence of asthma worldwide may be associated with the rising prevalence of obesity in developed nations. Although several studies have suggested a relationship between asthma and obesity, controversy still remains. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between obesity and asthmatic factors such as atopy, eosinophilia, serum total Ig E and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in chronic cough patients. Methods: This study was a retrospective, observational study in two centers done between January 2007 and June 2008. The subjects included individuals who had a chronic cough. We examined body mass index (BMI) to measure obesity and pulmonary function. We did a metacholine provocation test for airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), a skin prick test for atopy, and tests for blood eosinophils and serum IgE. Results: A total of 1022 subjects were included. Airway hyperresponsiveness was not related with obesity (p=0.06), and atopy incidence was significant higher in non obese patients (p=0.00). There was no significant difference in serum IgE and blood eosinophil counts between obese and non obese patients. Forced expiratory volue in one second ($FEV_1$)/forced vital capacity (FVC) was significantly reduced in obese patients (p=0.03), but FEV1 and FVC were no significant difference between obese and non obese patients. Conclusion: There is no relationship between obesity and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. The nonobese group appears to have more atopy. The relationship between obesity and bronchial hyperresponsiveness and atopy need further investigation.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.103-114
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to satisfy students in adolescent trends of school uniforms and to provide them with useful material with matching current fashions by analyzing the attitude of students toward uniform transformation in female highschool students and investigating factors influencing on behaviors of uniform transformation. The subjects of this study are 30 students in Daegu with the basic ways of investigating such as depth interview and survey. The results are as follows; First, students agree to wearing school uniforms. As the main reason for wearing school uniforms, students put emphasis on peer pressure. It is also analyzed that the figure of students' body have some influence on the attitude of students toward wearing uniform while students' appearance have no influence on the attitude of students toward wearing uniform. Second, students showed high satisfaction in school uniforms. While students are satisfied with design and color of school uniform, they are not satisfied with practicality, economic efficiency and the quality of textile. Third, the study shows most students have experience of uniform transformation as a result of depth interview about actual condition of uniform transformation. Whereas students usually wear the jacket with its width and length shortened, they tend to lengthen skirt and unstitch pleat of skirt. Fourth, there are many reasons for uniform transformation as a result of depth interview with students. Transformation for satisfying aesthetic desire tops the list, followed by transformation for matching, transformation for peer pressure. As shown by the results above, every school needs to make various efforts to satisfy students, teachers and parents by considering and using students' opinion in order to choose the better school uniforms. In addition, the study related to school uniform transformation need to have more various investigating ways to acquire more authentic results such as expanding the subjects to not only students but also teachers and parents and in-depth comparison between subjects.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.339-347
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• 2012

After towing rope connecting a barge to a tug was subdivided into multiple finite elements, then those dynamic models was established using Newton's second law and considering the external force and moment such as tension, drag, Coriolis force, gravity, buoyancy, and impact due to free surface acting on each element. While the previous research on the model of towing rope considered only translation, five-degree-of-freedom equations of motion except roll based on the body-fixed frame were established in this paper. All elements are connected by a spring and a damper, and the stiffness of the spring was set as the equivalent value of the real rope. In order to confirm the established multiple finite element model, various scenarios such as freely falling of towing rope in the air and above the free surface, accelerating of a tug which tows a barge connected by towing rope, and sinusoidal moving of a tug were set up and simulated. As the results, the trajectories of the tug, the barge, and the towing rope showed good tendencies to the ones of real expected situations.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.2 no.10
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• pp.427-436
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• 2013

In this paper, a method of moving path control of an automatic guided vehicle in an indoor environment through recognition of marker images using vision sensors is presented. The existing AGV moving control system using infrared-ray sensors and landmarks have faced at two critical problems. Since there are many windows in a crematorium, they are going to let in too much sunlight in the main hall which is the moving area of AGVs. Sunlight affects the correct recognition of landmarks due to refraction and/or reflection of sunlight. The second one is that a crematorium has a narrow indoor environment compared to typical industrial fields. Particularly when an AVG changes its direction to enter the designated furnace the information provided by guided sensors cannot be utilized to estimate its location because the rotating space is too narrow to get them. To resolve the occurrences of such circumstances that cannot access sensing data in a WSN environment, a relative distance from marker to an AGV will be used as fingerprinting used for location estimation. Compared to the existing fingerprinting method which uses RSS, our proposed method may result in a higher reliable estimation of location. Our experimental results show that the proposed method proves the correctness and applicability. In addition, our proposed approach will be applied to the AGV system in the crematorium so that it can transport a dead body safely from the loading place to its rightful destination.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.138-146
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• 2007

This paper describes 2.5D induced polarization (IP) modeling and inversion algorithms using complex resistivity. The complex resistivity method has merits for acquiring more valuable information about hydraulic parameters and pore fluid than the conventional IP methods. The IP modeling and inversion algorithms are developed by allowing complex arithmetic in existing DC modeling and inversion algorithms. The IP modeling and inversion algorithms use a 2.5D DC finite-element algorithm and a damped least-squares method with smoothness constraints, respectively. The accuracy of the IP modeling algorithm is verified by comparing its responses of two synthetic models with two different approaches: linear filtering for a three-layer model and an integral equation method for a 3D model. Results from these methods are well matched to each other. The inversion algorithm is validated by a synthetic example which has two anomalous bodies, one is more conductive but non-polarizable than the background, and the other is polarizable but has the same resistivity as the background. From the inverted section, we can cleary identify each anomalous body with different locations. Furthermore, in order to verify its efficiency to the real filed example, we apply the inversion algorithm to another three-layer model which includes phase anomaly in the second layer.