• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.125-139
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• 2005

Objectives: More than half of youth smokers start to use cigarettes in their middle-school ages. Thus, middle school students should be the primary target population for smoking prevention education although the technical smoking rate is higher in high school students than in middle school students. Based on this significance, this study examined personal and social factors reinforcing non-smoking middle school students to acquire positive attitudes on smoking cigarettes. Methods: A total of 1,081 students of the 3 middle schools in Seoul participated in the self-administered survey. The designated schools were conveniently selected and all the 2nd-grade students of the schools participated in the survey. The questionnaire asked reinforcing social factors of smoking such as, family and parental history of drug use, close-people's smoking and drug use, personal experience of drug use, perceived smoking and drug use knowledge and attitudes, perceived smoking intention in future, and other delinquent behaviors. Results: Personal experience of drug and delinquent behaviors, perceived smoking intention in future, perceived knowledge of smoking, educational experience, and close-people's smoking and drug use were significantly related to students' attitudes on smoking. The significant factors affecting the positive attitudes of smoking were living with broken family and few education experience of smoking in school as social factors and strong smoking intention in future, high score of delinquent behavior, and low score of drug use knowledge as personal factors. Conclusions: Adolescents' strong smoking intention and little smoking education experience would primary personal and social factors reinforcing positive attitudes on smoking. Thus, school-based educational programs preventing smoking intention need to be developed and to be delivered to middle school students to minimize the future smoking population in a long-term perspective.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.358-369
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• 2015

This study examined the status of and factors associated with drinking experience, smoking experience, and internet addiction among elementary school students. Cross-sectional data were collected by questionnaire from 1,061 children among the fifth and sixth grades in public elementary schools in Gyeonggi province. The prevalence of drinking and smoking experience, internet addiction of participants was 22.7%, 2.9%, and 4.2% respectively. Multiple logistic regressions showed that the likelihood of drinking and smoking experience, and internet addiction was commonly higher with those who was a male and had higher aggression level. The likelihood of drinking experience was lower with those who had higher family support, while was higher with those who had higher friend support. That of internet addiction was lower with having higher friend and teacher support. Prevention strategies to prevent drinking, smoking, and internet addiction among elementary school students should consider student's gender, control aggression, and enhance social support in family and school environments.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.1-25
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• 2017

Objectives: There is higher rates of experience of suicide ideation and suicide attempt of adolescents in the Lima and Callao region compared with the results of the epidemiological study (2013) conducted by Peru National Institute of Mental Health and the Global School-based Student Health Survey (2010) which is was conducted among adolescents across all regions of Peru. Based on the PRECEDE model, this study analyzed the prevalence and the factor associated with the suicide attempt among the adolescent in a poor urban area in Peru. Methods: A stratified random sampling was used for the survey to select study participants from the 6 secondary schools based in Comas or Callao. The survey was conducted November 25th and December 4th in 2015 and a total of 738 individuals included in the analysis. In order to analyze factors influencing suicide attempt, comparison of predisposing factor, reinforcing factor, enabling factor, behavioral factor, environmental factor, psychological factors by suicide attempt and suicide risk group were identified through the chi-square test and hierarchical logistic regression. Results: Results showed that those who reported having less parental understanding, less time spent with parents, and 'almost none/none' for parental affection had more experience of suicide attempt and were more likely to sort into the high suicide risk group. Also, a greater proportion of those with the experience of suicide attempt had more experience of smoking and alcohol consumption, and experience of physical abuse and feeling insulted and depression in comparison to that of those without experience of suicide attempt. Variables that had a significant effect on suicide attempt included depression, subjective happiness, smoking experience, sexual intercourse, involvement in fight, parental affection, and gender (male). Conclusions: The results of the current study can serve as grounds for the necessity of acknowledging that adolescent suicide does not simply depend on a couple of factors, but arises from situations in which individual, home, school, social factors influence one another, and therefore adolescent suicide should be prevented and addressed through a multi-dimensional and integrated approach.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.7-22
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is proposing a method of developing experience program for organizing continuous 'Recreating Cultural and Traditional Village'. Therefore, with having purpose of developing experience program which is deeply related with residents organization and architecture in the village, the researcher has participated in '2005 An-dong Gunjamaul Recreating Cultural and Traditional Village', accomplished developing experience program which can continuously manageable by residents and space and facilities which are accompanied with program. The results of this research are as follows. The developing process of experience program has four phases, selecting program, planning program, growing and changing program, and practicing and firmly establishing program. Moreover, the relationships between space planning and setting up a resident's organization and the experience program need to be considered. The things that experts have to consider are come up with three subjects. First, planning experience program with citizen participation. Second, designing experience program with spaces which will contain the programs. Third, developing programs which are accompanied with rediscover village's resources through continuous feedback.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2010

Objectives: This study was to understand the essence and the meanings of smoking experience in female undergraduate students. Methods: Colaizzi's phenomenological method was used. Data were collected by in-depth interviews with six undergraduate female students. Field notes, recording under the subjects' agreement, and telephone interview were also used. Results: In the analysis, 131 significant statements, 15 themes, 7 categories emerged. The seven categories were as follows; 'the first smoking for change and adaptation', 'becoming a part of self', 'good friend without any reason', 'a bond with friends', 'gazing with bad eyes', 'unexpected guest without realizing it', 'willingness to smoke more'. Conclusion: The results of this study will help professionals to understand the smoking behavior of female undergraduate students. We should consider positive experience toward smoking in young women for considering to plan smoking cessation program.

• (The) Korean Journal of Educational Psychology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.215-237
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• 2017

This study was to examine the mediating role of high school students' teacher justice experience and their emotional relationship with teachers in the links between belief in a just world and school engagements, along with gender differences. The participants were 383 high school students in Seoul, Korea. The results showed that the more the students believed in a just world, the more they engaged in school life. In addition, the effect of belief in a just world on teacher-student relationship was fully mediated by teacher justice experience, and teacher-student relationship also mediated association between teacher justice experience and school engagement. In particular, for female students(N=213), the belief in a just world had both direct and indirect effect on school engagement mediated by students' experience of teacher justice and their relationship with teachers in order. On the other hand, for male students(N=168), the influence of belief in a just world on school engagement was fully mediated by teacher justice experience and teacher-student relationship in sequence. The results that belief in a just world had different path to school engagement by gender could be helpful to understand beneficial effect of belief in a just world in educational context.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.3689-3698
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• 2013

Breast cancer is the most common and leading cause of cancer mortality among Malaysian women. Despite good survival rates, the diagnosis of cancer still invokes the feeling of stress, fear and uncertainty. Because very little is known about the experiences of Malaysian women with breast cancer, a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews to explore the lived experience of newly diagnosed breast cancer. Using a purposive sampling method, 20 Malaysian women newly diagnosed with breast cancer, including Malays (n=10) and Chinese (n=10) were recruited in two main public hospitals in Kelantan. Similarities and divergence in women's experience were identified through thematic analysis of interview transcripts. Three themes emerged from the data: uncertainty experience of the illness, transition process and fatalistic view of breast cancer. In many ways, these findings were parallel with previous studies, suggesting that the experience of breast cancer is to a certain extent similar among women newly diagnosed with breast cancer. This study adds to the sparse literature concerning the experience of illness following breast cancer diagnosis among the Malays and Chinese. More importantly, this study addressed areas that were previously lacking, specifically in depth information on breast cancer experience from a developing country with a multi-ethnic population. The results of this investigation provide preliminary information to healthcare professionals on the impact of illness and cultural influence on survivorship to plan for appropriate education and supportive programme in order to meet the needs of breast cancer women more effectively.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.276-283
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• 2017

Background: Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) has rapidly increased. Even though e-cigarettes are actually not smoking cessation alternative supplies, some people perceive them as smoking cessation alternative supplies. The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between e-cigarette experiences and smoking cessation behaviors among Korean adults. Methods: Cross-sectional data was collected from 7,550 participants of Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2014. A total of 867 participants who were current smokers were enrolled in this study. Multi-variable logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the relationship between the smoking cessation behavior and the e-cigarette experience. Results: The e-cigarette experience rate of current smokers was 22.1%. The e-cigarette experience rate was higher in groups with the higher income, the higher education level, and the white collar jobs. Smokers with experience of smoking cessation (odds ratio [OR], 3.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.67 to 5.76) and with intention to smoking cessation in the future (OR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.05 to 2.43) were more likely to experience the e-cigarette. Especially, smokers who used smoking cessation alternative supplies were more likely to experience the e-cigarette than smokers who did not use it (OR, 2.87; 95% CI, 1.59 to 5.18). Conclusion: We confirmed that e-cigarette experiences were associated with smoking cessation experience, smoking cessation plan, and use of smoking cessation aid among smokers in Korea. Additional studies should be continued to confirm whether e-cigarette are continuously influencing the smoking cessation of current smokers in South Korea as one of the smoking cessation alternative supplies.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.164-173
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of job experience while attending college on the turnover risk in the first job following graduation. Data was obtained from the 2015 Graduates Occupational Mobility Survey (GOMS). Subjects included college graduates under 30 years of age, who graduated from high school and entered college in the same year. The results of this study are as follows: First, students who had job experience while attending school were relatively low in economic characteristics, but showed active employment preparation behavior. Second, there was a significant difference in the characteristics of entry into the labor market according to whether they had job experience while attending school. It was found that the securing their first job of graduates with job experience was shorter, and the period of tenure was longer, but their wage was smaller than non-experienced graduates. Third, the Cox regression analysis confirmed what factors affected their employment period, and that job experience, experience frequency, and experience period while attending school had a positive effect on lowering turnover risk. Therefore, this study found that job experience during schooling years makes the employment period of the job longer after graduation, which is consistent with those who had previous job experience. However, the greater amount of job experience during the period of study positively affects job retention.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.59-76
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• 2012

Objectives: This study Development of a healthy college life, and effective for smoking cessation programs for education is to utilize as a basis for. Methods: The study employs frequency analysis, cross-analysis and correlation analysis through SPSS Win 17.0 on 296 (84.6% of total participants) from the entire participants of 350. The significance test is delivered with ${\chi}^2$-test. Results: 1) The participants consist of 47.7% (147) males and 52.3% (161) females. 78.2% (241) has experience of smoking cessation program at high school. 61.7% (190) has parents who are smoking. 40.9% (126) answers that they are currently smoking while 59.1% (182) answers that they are not. 2) When asked about their perception on quitting smoking, 81.2% (250) says that non-smokers are distressed by others' smoking. 74.0% (228) has unpleasant experience with cigarette smoke. 3) The analysis of the relation between smoking cessation program at high school and smoking shows that 63.8% of the ones who have experience of the program are non-smokers while 68.7% of those with no experience of the program are smokers. 4) Among those who have tried to quit smoking, 73.9% have experience of smoking cessation program at high school. 31.8% of these participants also reveal their interest in the cessation program. 5) In the analysis of the correlation between smoking habits, the experience of smoking cessation program at high school is closely related to non-smoking while current smoking habit is highly related to the strong interest in participation of cessation program. Also, the more interest they have in participating, the stronger needs they feel for smoking prevention program at college. Conclusion: Therefore, the last phase of education-related courses at the University of educated and credits granted through open non-smoking pledge, non-smoking club, non-smoking camps, training programs, such as smoking in non-smoking education and programs for students interested in openness and participation must be done will.