• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.44 no.1 s.215
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• pp.1-10
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to develop a scale to access a creative home environment for preschool children and to examine its validity and reliability. The subjects were 296 children aged 5 to 6 years(148 males and 148 females) and their parents. The methods for data analysis included item analysis, factor analysis for construct validity, Pearson correlations between the rating scale for creative characteristics of preschoolers(RSCCP) and this scale for concurrent validity, and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ for reliability. The 44 items of the scale were found be satisfactory in terms of item response distribution and item discrimination. Four factors were extracted from the factor analysis: the subscales labelled 'respect for the child', 'enriched learning environment', 'stimulation of independence' and 'family pressure'. The concurrent validity of this scale was accessed by computing the correlation measures of RSCCP with this scale. Most coefficients were significant. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ ranged from.75 to.86 for the 4 subscales and.85 for the total scale.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.220-230
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate clinical competency of nursing students and to examine the validity and reliability of the scale. Methods: The Clinical Competency Scale was formed through modification of Lee's Clinical Competency Scale that was originally developed in 1990. The Clinical Competency Scale was applied to 203 nursing students. Construct validity, item convergent and discriminant validity, concurrent validity, and internal consistency reliability of the scale were evaluated. Results: Exploratory factor analysis supported the construct validity with a five factor solution; that explained 63.6% of the total variance. Concurrent validity was demonstrated with the Nursing Competence Scale (r=.78, p<.001). Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficient for the scale was .96. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the Clinical Competency Scale has relatively acceptable reliability and validity and can be used in clinical research to assess clinical competency for nursing students.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.83-96
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was the development of a scale to assess daily hassles coping behaviors for school aged children. The subjects were 398 children consisted of 197 3rd grade an 201 6th grade. They were selected from elementary school in Seoul, InCheon, DaeJeon, GwangJu and Pusan(202 males and 196 females) A questionnaire as the methodological instrument composed of 65-item daily hassles coping scale, demographic questions, 27-item Children's Depression Inventory and 20-item Locus of Control Scale. Statistics such as mean, %, X2, Cramer's V, Cronbach's α, factor analysis and Person's γ was used for used data analysis. The major findings of this study were as follows; 1)55 items of the 65-item scale were selected through item discriminant method. The discriminant coeffcients of the items(Cramer's V) ranged from .35 to .68. 2)5 factors were extracted from the 1st and the 2nd factor analysis. The subscales labelled 'active' 'passive' 'aggressive' 'avoidant' and 'social support seeking' coping. The criterion validity of this scale was assessed by computing the correlation measures of Children's Depression Inventory and Locus of Control Scale with this scale. Most coefficients were significant(ranging from r=-.16 to r=.40,p<.01,p<.001), although their correlations were modest. 3)Finally, the internal consistency of this scale appeared to be at an acceptable level(Cronbach's α=.90)

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.64 no.4
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• pp.57-87
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to develop the first social work skills inventory in Korea. Based upon the literature review of social work skills, the examination of an existing scale, and the comments from professionals in this field, 57 preliminary items were developed. Preliminary items were evaluated with a total of 370 social workers who were working in various fields of social work in Seoul and surrounding areas. A series of exploratory factor analyses were conducted to find out the optimal structure of the scale. After deleting 30 items with low factor loadings or being cross-loaded, the scale is composed of five factors. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the factor structure of the scale obtained by exploratory factor analysis. The first factor was named preparatory and assessing skills to be mostly used in the beginning phase of th social work process, the second factor was named change facilitating skills to be used to strengthen motivation to change, third factor was named ending and evaluating skills to be used to terminate the professional relationship and evaluate the outcome of the relationship, the fourth factor was named resource linking and utilizing skills to be used to utilize resources in order to solve clients' problems and the fifth factor was named ethical practice skills. Each component of the social work skills inventory is found to be reliable and valid. In sum, the social work skills inventory is an instrument encompassing basic skills necessary for social work process, skills for ethical social work practice, and skills necessary for utilizing environmental resources.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.486-495
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to develop a Quality of Life(QOL) scale for breast cancer patients in Korea and to test the validity and reliability of the instrument. To achieve the purpose of the study, a questionnaire was developed to interview 10 breast cancer patients and distributed to 155 patients with breast cancer in Korea. For data analysis, SPSS WIN 8.0/PC were used. Item analysis and factor analysis were carried out to test validity of the QOL scale. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ and Guttman split half coefficient were used to test reliability of the scale. The results were as follows; As a result of the item analysis, 27 items were selected from the total of 34 items. 6 factors were selected by factor analysis. Six factors were labeled as 'response to cancer diagnosis and treatment', 'family well-being', 'physical concerns', 'psychological well-being', 'spiritual well-being', and 'economic concerns'. Six factors were explained by 72.236% out of the total variance. The first factor explained 20.738% and the second factor explained 16.593%, which were major factors for Korean breast cancer patients. Chronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficient of the tool was .9120, and Guttman split-half coefficient was .8148. The scale was identified to be a tool with a high degree of reliability and validity. Therefore, this scale can be effectively utilized for assessment of Quality of Life of patients with breast cancer in Korea.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.11-21
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• 2016

Objective : The purpose of the study is to examine the construct validity and internal consistency of the Sensory Processing Scale for Children (SPS-C). Method : 117 participants who are aged 3 to 5 years old has been evaluated by the Sensory Processing Scale for Children (SPS-C) for this study and the period is from November 2014 to June 2016. Statistics used for data analysis is factor analysis for construct validity and Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency. Results : In the factor analysis, the items in auditory, visual, and tactile showed a high factor loading, respectively. The items in vestibular and proprioceptive were overlapped. For internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha was .728 for whole scale which is high level. And Cronbach's alpha of each factor was range within .326~.636. Conclusion : The results of the psychometric test in this study evidence that the SPS-C is valid and reliable to be utilized. Further study need to examine various validities and reliabilities as well as standardization.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.61-70
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• 2005

Objectives : To develop a tool for multidimensional measurement of the quality of life, which was psychometrically sound, short, and easy to administer for patients with hypertension. Methods : A sample of 1,115 hypertensive patients aged 20 or above in Cheong-Song County was studied from June 1997 to October 1998. In the development of the instrumental stage, the authors first conceptualized the quality of life. Item generation, item reduction, and questionnaire formatting were followed. Item-level (item descriptive, missing%, item internal consistency, item discriminant validity) analysis, scale-level (scale descriptive, floor and ceiling effect) analysis, and other tests(Cronbach's alpha, inter-dimension correlations, factor analysis, clinical validity) were performed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the new measurement scale. After 1 year, responsiveness and confirmatory factor analysis were performed. Results : The results of both item-level and scale-level analyses were acceptable. An acceptable degree of internal consistency was observed for each of the dimensions (Cronbach's alpha was 0.60 or higher). Inter-dimension correlations were below 0.50 and the factor analysis result was the same as the intended dimension structure. Correlation coefficients between perceived health status, stress and dimensions were proven to be acceptable. The result of comparing dimensional score means among ADL and MMSE-K groups above 60 years was statistically significant(p<0.05). The result of confirmatory factor analysis concluded that the dimensional structure model was well fitted. However, the result of responsiveness test using sensitivity and specificity was unsatisfactory. Conclusions : The newly developed measurement scale is psychometrically reliable and valid instrument for measuring quality of life in hypertensive patients.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.291-301
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• 2002

This study was performed to develop a scale of maternal conflict based on already established scales and the literature review. The major purpose of this study was to develop a scale of which contains difficulties which mother can feel to rearing her child and can be applied to mothers at home or employed mothers. 68 items were developed. For content validity test, the items were examined by 7 experts panel with Likert 4 scale. The 39 items were selected as high validity from 86% of the experts. The item number of each area and the misunderstanding words were corrected by advices of experts. 10 mothers again examined 39 items in order to correct the misunderstanding words and the long sentences. For reliability and factor analysis of 39 items, 496 mothers participated. 34 items were chosen because 5 items that corrected item-total correlation coefficient were lower than 0.2 were excluded by the result of reliability analysis. Factor analysis was done with 34items. 6 factors were classified higher than eigen value 1.0, 28 items were chosen because 6 items that factor loadings were lower than 0.4 were excluded. These factors were named as employment and caring for child(6 items), child education(5 items), support system for caring for child(4 items), interaction with mother and child(4 items), view of maternal role(5 items) and me as human being(4 items). Reliability analysis was done with 28 items. 1 item(36 number of factor 1) was excluded because corrected item-total correlation coefficient were lower than 0.2. Therefore, 27 items were chosen. Maternal Conflict Scale was contained 27 items. The corrected item-total correlation coefficient of 27 items were ranged from .2345 to .5240 and Cronbach alpha coefficient of those was .8207 by the results of reliability analysis. It can be evaluated that this scale had a high validity and reliability because of passing through an objective process of test.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.164-175
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to develop the 'Kkondae Scale' and verify its validity. For this purpose, three constructive concepts (attribution error, cognitive rigidity, and one-way communication) were derived through expert interviews, prior research and literature analysis, and 15 preliminary questions were selected. In addition, a preliminary scale was developed by modifying or adding items to conform to each constructive concept through expert content validity evaluation. Next, as a result of the exploratory factor analysis of about 250 adults, a three-factor structure model was derived. As a result of the confirmatory factor analysis on the preliminary scale for about 401 adults, it was confirmed that the fit of the three-factor structure was good. As a result of convergence and discriminatory validity analysis, it was confirmed that the developed scale was a valid tool to measure Kkondae by showing appropriate correlations with listening attitude, empathy, acceptance of others, and intellectual humility. Finally, based on the results of this study, the significance, limitations, and future research direction of the study were discussed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.261-272
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• 2022

The aim of the study is to develop the Adolescent Anger Provocation Scale(AAPS) for Korean adolescents. In order to develop the scale, two research processes were conducted. First, a total of 130 items were derived from various related research. After analyzing 130 items by a research team(2 related field professors and 2 Ph.D. students), a total of 54 items reconstructed based on redundancy, cultural relevancy, and appropriateness. Second, a survey was administered among 252 Korean adolescents. After analyzing an exploratory factor analysis, 12 items of poor factor loading were deleted. Thus, seven factors and 42 items were extracted. Seven factors were as follows: (1) threat to self-esteem, (2) uncontrollable situations, (3) violation of personal property, (4) incidents associated with rejection, (5) violation of regulation or rules, (6) disrespectful treatment, (7) unfair treatment due to age. The internal consistency and convergence validity of the scale were supported. The results of confirmatory factor analysis were also reported. In addition, study limitations and recommendations of future research were discussed.