• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.185-185
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• 1998

As part of our continuing attempts to evaluate biologically active compounds from fruiting bodies of cultivated fungus of Paecilomyces japonicus Yasuda, we conducted series of experiments on various fractions and compounds isolated by systematic fractionations. Our main efforts were concentrated on searching for compounds showing antitumor activities, which were tested on mice carrying Sarcoma-180 ascitic tumor. The antitumor activity was assessed by the life spans after these mice were administered Lp. with test compounds for consecutive 20 days. One of two pure compounds, which we have isolated to date, demonstrated significant prolongation of life span. ( Mean Survival Time: 30.3 days compared to that of control: 23.6 days). Structural analysis showed that this compound corresponds to D-mannitol. On the other hand, Ergosterol, another isolated pure compound didn't show efficient antitumor activity. We also obtained water-soluble fractions containing protein-bound polysaccharides and n-butantol fractions, which showed strong antitumor activities, 35.4(150%) and 32.1(136.0%) days of MST, respectively. In SRB assay, however, the test materials didn't show any toxic effects, but the level of acid phosphatase increased significantly when they were applied in cultured macrophage in vitro. Therefore, we concluded that antitumour activities might be attributed to immunostimulating rather than cytotoxic effects. Further experiments are underway to purify and structurally characterize new antitumour compounds from the active fractions.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.517-523
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• 2014

In order to remove both nitrate and sulfate present in the concentrate of RO(reverse osmosis) process, a combined bio-regeneration and ion-exchange(IX) system was studied. For this purpose, both denitrifying bacteria(DNB) and sulfate reducing bacteria(SRB) were simultaneously cultivated in a bio-reactor under anaerobic conditions. When the IX column containing a nitrate-selective A520E resin was fully exhausted by nitrate and sulfate, the IX column was bio-regenerated by pumping the supernatant of the bio-reactor, which contains MLSS concentration of $125{\pm}25mg/L$, at the flowrate of 360 BV/hr. Even though the nitrate-selective A520E resin was used, the breakthrough curves of ionic species showed that sulfate was exhausted earlier than nitrate. The reason for this result is due to the fact that the concentration of sulfate in RO concentrate was 36 to 48 times higher than nitrate. The bio-reactor was successfully operated at a volumetric loading rate of 0.6 g $COD/l{\cdot}d$, nitrate-N loading rate of 0.13 g $NO_3{^-}-N/l{\cdot}d$, and sulfate loading rate of 0.08 g $SO_4{^{2-}}/l{\cdot}d$. The removal rate of SCOD, nitrate-N, sulfate was 90, 100, and 85%, respectively. When the virgin resin was fully exhausted and consecutively bio-regenerated for 2 days, 81% of nitrate and 93% of sulfate were reduced. When the virgin resin was repeatedly used up to 4 cycles of service and bio-regeneration, the ion-exchange capacity of bio-regenerated resin decreased to 95, 91, 88, and 81% of virgin resin.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.253-258
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different active gluten and rice Nuruk(Asp. oryzae, Asp. kawachii rice Nuruk) levels on the quality properties of steamed rice breads. Enzyme(amylase and acidic protease) activity of Asp. oryzae rice Nuruk is higher than Asp. kawachii rice Nuruk. Among the loaf volume of active gluten that were tested (10, 13, 15 and 17%) an active gluten loaf volume of 15% produced the best steamed rice bread. As a result of the loaf volume test steamed rice bread with rice Nuruk was decreased than steamed wheat bread. Regarding color, all treatments produced significant differences. The L value was decreased in steamed rice bread more than in steamed wheat bread, and a and b values were increased, respectively. Hardness, gumminess and chewiness of SRB-2, 3, 4 were lower than SWB-1 but springiness were higher. According to the sensory evaluation of steamed rice bread, color, flavor, and uniformity of pores were the highest in the steamed wheat bread, and the chewiness and texture were good in the steamed rice bread containing added active gluten and rice Nuruk. In this study, addition of rice Nuruk in steamed rice bread did not increase loaf volume, but had an advantage for overall desirability.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.20 no.5 s.94
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• pp.371-375
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• 2005

In the course of our search for compounds effective to multidrug-resistant cancer cells from myxobacteria with the adriamycin-resistant cancer cell line CL02, we found cytotoxic activity against the CL02 cells in culture extract of Sorangium cellulosum JW1045. Activity-guided fractionation of the culture extract led to the isolation of an active principle, chivosazole F, This compound showed high cytotoxic activity against cultured human cancer cells. The $IC_{50}$ values, measured by a SRB assay with different cell lines, ranged from 0.1 to 10 ng/ml. Furthermore chivosazole F was as active against drug-resistant cancer cells CL02 and CP70 as against the corresponding sensitive cells.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.1 no.5
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• pp.456-467
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• 2017

The benefits of network coding in all-optical multicast networks have been widely demonstrated. In this paper, we mainly discuss the multicast service efficiently provisioning problem in the network coding enabled elastic optical networks (EONs). Although most research on routing and spectrum allocation (RSA) has been widely studied in the elastic optical networks (EONs), rare research studies RSA for multicast in the network coding enabled EON, especially considering the time delay constraint. We propose an efficient heuristic algorithm, called Network Coding based Multicast Capable-Multipath Routing and Spectrum Allocation (NCMC-MRSA) to solve the multipath RSA for multicast services in the network coding enabled EON. The well-known layered graph approach is utilized for NCMC-MRSA, and two request ordering strategies are utilized for multiple multicast requests. From the simulation results, we observe that the proposed algorithm NCMC-MRSA performs more efficient spectrum utilization compared with the benchmark algorithms. NCMC-MRSA utilizing the spectrum request balancing (SRB) ordering strategy shows the most efficient spectrum utilization performance among other algorithms in most test networks. Note that we also observe that the efficiency of NCMC-MRSA shows more obvious than the benchmark algorithm in large networks. We also conduct the performance comparisons of two request ordering strategies for NCMC-MRSA. Besides, we also evaluate the impact of the number of the linkdisjoint parallel w paths on the spectrum utilization performance of the proposed algorithm NCMC-MRSA. It is interesting to find that the change of the parameter w in a certain range has a significant impact on the performance of NCMC-MRSA. As the parameter w increases to a certain value, the performances of NCMC-MRSA cannot be affected by the change of w any more.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.273-278
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• 2008

We aimed to investigate the antiviral activity of Zanthoxylum species against influenza virus A/WS/33, A/PR/8 and B/Lee/40 used by sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay and the action of leaves extracts of Zanthoxylum piperitum on life cycle of influenza virus A/WS/33. Among the twelve extracts, only the leaf extract of Z. piperitum exhibited strong antiviral activity at low concentration of less than 10${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ with no citotoxicity (50${\mu}g/m{\ell}$) against all of three viruses. In addition, only oseltamivir showed antiviral activity with $IC_{50}$ of 65.3${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ against influenza A/WS/33 among the viruses. Furthermore, the leaf extract of Z. piperitum suppressed infection of influenza virus A/WS/33, when added just prior (-1 hr) or after virus inoculation (0 hr). Leaf extract of Z. piperitum directly affect the infectivity of influenza virus A/WS/33 particles. Therefore, Leaf extract of Z. piperitum exhibited higher antiviral activity against three influenza viruses than that of the oseltamivir, which directly interacts with influenza A/WS/33 particles, affecting the initial stages of infection such as receptor binding and virus entry.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.1-11
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• 2001

In the past, abundant and clean water was available for paper mills'use. However, the growth of population and industry made water less available nowadays. Also, environmental regulation limits wastewater discharge, which affects mill operation cost. Therefore, paper mills are under pressure to use more recycled water and mill system closure. As a result, chemical and physical parameters of water are changing and new environment if being created for microorganisms in paper mill system as well. The more soluble or suspended organic materials are increased as more water is recycled and less or scarce dissolved oxygen is available, depending on the degree of recycled water usage. Microorganism flora ill paper mill system will be a1so shifted according to the environmental change of mill system. Anaerobic bacteria, including sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB), will be dominant in the system as very low or almost no oxygen available in the system. Nevertheless, it is common in domestic paper mills that employ the same and old biocides as a means of microbial control, and microbiological control is often less recognized or even neglected. The right biocide selection for increased reductive environment of mills is critical for operation and estimated loss from paper quality defects such as sheet break, holes due to microbiological cause is tremendous compared to the microbiological control cost. It is imperative to investigate and diagnosis the environmental change of mills for right control of cumbersome microorganisms. Several useful diagnosis tools, including new technology employing OFM(Optical Fouling Monitor) in situ, are illustrated.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.731-739
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• 2021

This work compared the bright calibration of digital radiation with signal-to-noise ratio and basic spatial resolution according to multi frame to enable effective inspection of welding parts of structures at industrial sites. A total of 130 images were obtained by using a ⁷⁵Se radiation source for flat weld test pieces and segmenting bright calibration and multi frame prior to shooting. The study confirms that the signal-to-noise ratio improves as the number of bright calibrations and the number of multi frame increases. The basic spatial resolution satisfied the baseline for both radiographic images. It was confirmed that the number of signal-to-noise ratio was similar by comparing images taken after installing lead shielding for scattering radiation. Although signal-to-noise ratio increases as multi frame increases, it is believed that good quality digital radiographs can be obtained if appropriate radiographic techniques are devised because exposure time of radiation affects workers' exposure and work efficiency.

• Advances in nano research
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.233-240
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• 2019

The present research work reports in-vitro anti-cancer activity of biologically synthesized ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) against human carcinoma cells viz SCC-40, SK-MEL-2 and SCC-29B using Sulforhodamine-B (SRB) Assay. ZnO NPs were synthesized by a unique and novel biological route using Temperature-gradient phenomenon where the extract of combination of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don (C. roseus), Azadirachta indica (A. indica), Ficus religiosa (F. religiosa) and NaOH solution were used as synthesis medium. The morphology of the ZnO NPs was characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). TEM images reveal that particle size of the samples reduces from 76 nm to 53 nm with the increase in reaction temperature and 68 nm to 38 nm with the increase in molar concentration of NaOH respectively. XRD study confirms the presence of elements and reduction in crystallite size with increase in reaction temperature and NaOH concentration. The diffraction peaks show broadening and a slight shift towards lower Bragg angle ($2{\theta}$) which represents the reduction in crystallite size as well as presence of uniform strain. The FTIR spectra of the extract show transmittance peak fingerprint of Zn-O bond and presence of bioactive molecules These NPs exhibit inhibition greater than 50% for SCC-40, SK-MEL-2 and SCC-29B cell lines and more than 50% cell kill for SCC-29B cells at concentrations < $80{\mu}g/ml$. Nanoparticles with smallest size have shown better anti-cancer activity and peculiar cell-selectivity. The combination of extracts of these plants with ZnO NPs can be used in targeted drug delivery as an effective anti-cancer agent, a potential application in cancer treatment.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.181-181
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• 2003

We have studied the mechanism of action of TCDD on CYP1A1 promoter activity in both Hepa Ⅰ and MCF-7 cells using transient transfection system with p1A1-Luc reporter gene. When HDAC inhibitors, such as trichostatin A, HC toxin and a novel HDAC inhibitor, IN2001 were cotreated with TCDD to the cells transfected with plAt-Luc reporter gene, the basal promoter activity of CYP1A1 was increased by HBAC inhibitors. Also, in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells, HDAC inhibitors, such as IN2001 and trichostatin A increased the basal activity of CYP1A1 promoter but TCDD stimulated CYP1A1 promoter activity was not changed by HDAC inhibitors. And, in stably-transfected Hepa Ⅰ cells with p1A1-Luc, HDAC inhibitors increased the basal promoter activity only Also, we have investigated the effects of HDAC inhibitors on the human breast and prostate cancer cells in terms of cell proliferation and apoptosis based on SRB assay. IN2001 as well as trichostatin A inhibited the MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, T47D, ZR75-1, PC3 cell growth dose-dependently. The growth inhibition of these cells with HDAC inhibitors was associated with profound morphological change, which suggests the HDAC inhibitors induced apoptosis of cells. The result of cell cycle analysis after 24h exposure of IN2001 showed G2/M cell cycle arrest in MCF-7 cells and apoptosis in T47D and MDA-MB-231 cells.