• 대기
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.49-61
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• 2010

Atmospheric aerosols play a crucial role for changing climate, resulting in a wide range of uncertainty for future climate prediction. In this paper we review current international research status and trend of climate-related aerosol science. There have been carried out a number of campaigns (including ACE-Asia, TRACE-P, ABC, and so on) and special experiments with some modeling studies over Korea, East Asia, and the Northwestern Pacific to characterize the various properties (physical, chemical, optical, and radiative) of Asian aerosols and evaluate their climate forcing impacts. But some parts of the aerosol research may need to be improved, advanced, or newly launched. Especially, a chemical transport model (CTM) embedded by a general circulation model (GCM) should be developed by the national scientific community with a high research priority, actively collaborating with international community in order to estimate direct and indirect global radiative forcing due to anthropogenic and natural aerosols.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.115-122
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• 2011

The critical role played by manufacturing performance measurement systems in achieving competitive success is increasingly recognized. Developing an integrated performance measurement model is significant for strategic management. This study consist of several principal steps. Performance criteria from the literature and an questionnaire were utilized prior to building the performance model. The AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) is utilized to evaluate the weight of each criterion when generating the performance measurement model for Korea automobile parts manufacturing company. AHP analysis showed clear difference in the priority between 5 criteria and 24 sub-criteria in terms of manufacturing performance of Korean automobile parts manufacturing company. The result of priority evaluation in the 5 criteria of 2nd level was ranked quality, cost, delivery, employee, flexibility. And the critical sub-criteria in the 24 sub-criteria of 3rd level was ranked claim rate, process defect rate, outsourcing parts defect rate, ability to quality management innovation, claim cost, etc.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2017

Disaster and safety budget can be characterized as a large-scale public asset on which the government has a significant role. It is of a crucial importance to properly allocate the limited national budget to various areas as necessary. Higher investment efficiency of the budget related to disaster and safety management requires distribution criteria based on relevance and efficiency. Currently, the budget related to disaster and safety management is orchestrated through the prior consultation system. However, there is still no clear framework for reviewing the investment direction and setting the priority investment areas by prior consultation. This study analyzes the status and characteristics of disaster and safety management projects by damage type and proposes a structured system for prioritization. This framework can be useful in selecting the areas that need priority investments by damage type of disaster and safety management projects, thereby contributing to improving investment efficiency.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.363-374
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• 2010

Growing evidence suggests a prominent role for leptin in human cancer progression. The intricate pattern of leptin cross-talk with other associated signaling pathways is a critical area of research that will ultimately contribute to comprehending the role of leptin in cancer progression. This review summarizes a portion of the current understanding of leptin signaling, with a critical focus on its contribution to tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Five topics are addressed in this review: (1) Leptin receptor, (2) Leptin signaling, (3) Leptin and cancer, and (4) Leptin and tumor invasion. Due to the complex cellular effects of leptin, a more precise understanding of leptin signaling pathways must still be elucidated. Leptin is clearly a major factor for stimulating tumor progression through a complex spectrum of interplay and cross-talk among various signaling molecules. An understanding of the role of leptin in invasion and metastasis will provide valuable information for establishing strategies to modulate leptin signaling, which should be a high priority for the development of anti-cancer therapeutics.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.5-14
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• 1992

The role of Community Health Practitioner(CHP) should be continuously adapted to the social changes and the needs for health care services. That is the reason CHP needs to be retrained through the continuing education program. This paper showed CHP's roles to be reinforced by analyzing his present . task performance and ability in seven task areas as well as the changes of the social environment. In addition, this paper presented retraining areas needed for the reinforcement of the CHP's role in the future, and the development strategy of related continuing education package. The major results are as follows: 1. CHP's main practice area is health care services and management & guidance, whereas the development of health information system is neglected. 2. As a result, CHP plays a role mainly as a health care supplier, a consultant and a health instructor. Therefore CHP's roles to be reinforced are management of the community health system, act as a spokesman and a team member, promotion, assessment, collection & maintenance of information, coordination and research. 3. The areas to be reinforced in CHP's continuing education are (]) aged people's health, (2)?drinking & smoking, (3)?young people's health(including drug and sexualissues), (4) rehabilitation, (5)?administration and management for community health, (6)?partnership & membership, (7) local residents' participation and community development, (8) collection & treatment of health information and (9) environmental issues for community health. 4. The priority in developing continuing education package should be given to the area, which is encountered often in rural area but important, and has a good opportunity to be resolved. The health management of aged people was selected as a top priority by members of the Community Nursing Academic Society. 5. It is recommended that the instruction materials be accommodated to the small scale workshop or seminar in order that CHPs can participate actively in the continuing education program.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.961-980
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• 2008

주거환경 개선 사업지역의 우선순위 평가는 담당자의 경험이나 직관, 또는 소수전문가들의 경험적 지식 등에 의존하고 있다. 수요자의 요구를 반영한 공간 가중치를 활용하여 주거환경 개선 사업의 우선순위를 평가하고자 본 연구가 수행되었다. 공간가중치 기반의 주거환경개선 사업 우선순위 평가는 기존의 미시적 인 데이터 에 의거한 평가보다 객관적이고 정량적 인 근거를 제시하는 도구로 활용될 수 있었다. 기존에 조사지점에만 국한된 통계 수치정보가 광역적인 주거환경개선 사업 우선순위 지역을 단시간에 제시하는 데 많은 한계가 있었으나 대용량의 공간 데이터와 다양한 형태의 데이터를 통합하는 GIS기법을 활용하여 주거환경 개선 사업의 우선순위 결정과정의 객관성을 확보할 수 있었다. 수작업에서는 담당자의 주관이 반영된 분석결과에 의거 사업 우선순위를 제시하더라도 그것을 쉽게 점검할 수 있는 방법이 마땅하지 않았다. 그러나 명확하고 체계적인 GIS 분석과정 때문에 그러한 오류를 예방할 수 있었으며 분석결과가 객관적으로 제시될 수 있었다. 사업 우선순위 관련 민원발생시 관련 자료를 곧바로 제공하고 민원을 신속히 해결할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제48권9호
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• pp.50-57
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• 2011

전형적인 버스 시스템 아키텍처는 마스터, 아비터, 디코더, 슬레이브와 같은 성분으로 구성되어 있다. 아비터는 여러 마스터가 동시에 버스를 사용하지 못하므로 선택된 버스중재 방식에 따라 버스를 중재하는 역할을 한다. 고성능을 위해 사용되는 일반적인 우선순위 방법에는 고정 우선순위, 라운드 로빈, TDMA, 로터리 방식 등이 있다. 일반적인 버스 중재 알고리즘은 버스 점유율을 고려하지 않고, 버스중재를 실시한다. 본 연구에서는 각각의 마스터 블록에서 버스 점유율을 계산한 버스 중재방식에 대해 제안하고 있다. TLM 성능분석 방식을 통해 제안하는 방식과 기존의 다른 버스 중재방식의 성능을 분석하였다. 성능검증 결과에서 일반적인 고정우선순위와 라운드로빈 방식은 버스점유율을 설정할 수 없었으며, TDMA와 로터리 중재방법은 100,000 cycle의 시뮬레이션에서 각각 50%와 70%의 버스점유율 오차가 발생하였다. 그러나, 제안하는 점유율 고려방식에서는 1,000cycle이상에서부터 99%이상 정확도를 보였다.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제52권11호
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• pp.12-19
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• 2015

네트워크 중심전에서 통신망은 전쟁을 승리로 이끌기 위한 중요한 기반기술이다. 특히, 전쟁 상황에서 긴급하거나 중요한 데이터는 반드시 제시간에 전송이 되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 개인병사 전술 무선망을 위한 BEB(Binary Exponential Back-off)를 사용한 CSMA/CA(Carrier Sensing Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance) 기반의 우선순위 매체접속제어(MAC) 프로토콜을 제안한다. 제안된 MAC 프로토콜은 우선순위가 높은 패킷의 빠른 전송을 위해 우선순위에 따른 PCW(Prioritized Contention Window)를 적용하였고, 남은 back-off 시간을 초기화하기 위해 RBR(Repetitive Back-off Reset)을 제안한다. 제안 된 MAC 프로토콜은 전송 성공률과 컨트롤 패킷의 전송량 측면에서 패킷 충돌을 줄여주기 때문에 DCF(Distributed Coordination Function) 기반의 다른 MAC 프로토콜보다 높은 수율 성능을 보여준다. 따라서, DCF와 비교하였을 때, 제안하는 MAC 프로토콜은 트래픽이 많은 네트워크 환경에서 더욱 효율적으로 에너지를 이용할 수 있다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.15-26
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to research development process of commedia dell'arte and Korean masque that have similar figure, grasp similarity and difference and find the meaning of masque and costume in both theatrical arts. Italian commedia dell'arte and Korean masque are performed by wearing standardized mask and costume depending on the role. As common points, first, the characters have unique names and possess unique features of character, costumes, masks and playing styles. Through the feature, the audiences can understand role of actor and the actors can devote themselves to their role by wearing masks and costumes. Second, although background plays an important role in commedia dell'arte, the role of costume is more important. Because masque speaks for poverties of general people indirectly, the costumes of general people were used as they are. As different point, first, most of Korean masks cover entire face, restricting speech of actor but masks of commedia dell'arte cover only upper part of face and expos mouth and chin of actor, enabling actors to express various emotions depending on the character. Second, priority is given to personality of actor and origin area and current silhouette, material and color that changed by century is reflected in the costume of commedia dell'arte but silhouette, material and color of the Age of Joseon Dynasty were adopted in Korean masque.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.197-205
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• 2007

Cancer metastasis is a major determinant of cancer patient mortality. Mounting evidence favors a strong positive role for $TGF-{\beta}$ in human cancer progression. The complex pattern on cross-talk of $TGF-{\beta}$ and the related other signaling pathways is an important area of investigation that will ultimately contribute to understanding of the bifunctional role of $TGF-{\beta}$ in cancer progression. This review summarizes some of the current understanding of $TGF-{\beta}$ signaling with a major focus in its contribution to the tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Five issues are addressed in this review: (1) $TGF-{\beta}$ signaling, (2) $TGF-{\beta}$ and EMT, (3) $TGF-{\beta}$ and MMP, (4) $TGF-{\beta}$ and Ras, and (5) Role of $TGF-{\beta}$ in invasion and metastasis. Due to the bifunctional cellular effects of $TGF-{\beta}$, as a tumor promoter and a tumor suppressor, more precisely defined $TGF-{\beta}$ signaling pathways need to be elucidated. According to the current literature, $TGF-{\beta}$ is clearly a major factor stimulating tumor progression through a complex spectrum of the interplay and cross-talk between various signaling molecules. Understanding the role of $TGF-{\beta}$ in invasion and metastasis will provide valuable information on establishing strategies to manipulate $TGF-{\beta}$ signaling which should be a high priority for the development of anti-metastatic therapeutics.