• 대한교통학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.155-167
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 다계층 가변수요 사용자 균형과 체계최적 교통망 균형 조건을 조사하고 그에 따른 해석적 알고리즘을 구축한다. 이러한 교통망 균형 조건을 조사함에 있어서 특별히 다음과 같은 가정을 기반으로 연구를 수행한다. 통행자들의 이질적(heterogeneous)인 특성을 반영하기 위하여 통행자 계층별로 이산적으로 구분된 시간가치를 갖고 있으며 통행비용에 따라 각 계층의 통행수요가 변화(variable demand)하는 상황을 고려한다. 본 연구에서는 우선 다계층 가변수요에서 도로 이용자들이 통행비용을 인식하는 단위가 시간 또는 화폐에 따라 도로 사용자의 통행패턴이 달라지는가를 조사한다. 즉, 통행비용을 측정하는 단위에 따라 사용자 균형조건이 달라지는가를 알아본다. 그리고 다계층 가변수요에서 통행비용이 시간 또는 화폐단위로 측정될 때의 체계최적 조건을 조사하고 어떤 특성을 갖는가를 조사한다. 최종적으로 이렇게 조사된 다계층 가변수요 사용자 균형조건과 체계최적조건을 이용하여 각 각의 해석적 통행배정 알고리즘을 구축한다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.47-57
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• 2016

PURPOSES : This study aims to examine the differences between the existing traffic demand forecasting method and the traffic demand forecasting method considering future regional development plans and new road construction and expansion plans using a four-step traffic demand forecast for a more objective and sophisticated national highway maintenance. This study ultimately aims to present future pavement deterioration and budget forecasting planning based on the examination. METHODS : This study used the latest data offered by the Korea Transport Data Base (KTDB) as the basic data for demand forecast. The analysis scope was set using the Daejeon Metropolitan City's O/D and network data. This study used a traffic demand program called TransCad, and performed a traffic assignment by vehicle type through the application of a user equilibrium-based multi-class assignment technique. This study forecasted future traffic demand by verifying whether or not a realistic traffic pattern was expressed similarly by undertaking a calibration process. This study performed a life cycle cost analysis based on traffic using the forecasted future demand or existing past pattern, or by assuming the constant traffic demand. The maintenance criteria were decided according to equivalent single axle loads (ESAL). The maintenance period in the concerned section was calculated in this study. This study also computed the maintenance costs using a construction method by applying the maintenance criteria considering the ESAL. The road user costs were calculated by using the user cost calculation logic applied to the Korean Pavement Management System, which is the existing study outcome. RESULTS : This study ascertained that the increase and decrease of traffic occurred in the concerned section according to the future development plans. Furthermore, there were differences from demand forecasting that did not consider the development plans. Realistic and accurate demand forecasting supported an optimized decision making that efficiently assigns maintenance costs, and can be used as very important basic information for maintenance decision making. CONCLUSIONS : Therefore, decision making for a more efficient and sophisticated road management than the method assuming future traffic can be expected to be the same as the existing pattern or steady traffic demand. The reflection of a reliable forecasting of the future traffic demand to life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) can be a very vital factor because many studies are generally performed without considering the future traffic demand or with an analysis through setting a scenario upon LCCA within a pavement management system.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제15권4호통권65호
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• pp.341-358
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 강교의 실용적인 생애주기비용 (LCC) 최적설계를 위한 일반화된 정식화와 LCC 설계시스템 모델을 제안하였다. 강교 최적설계를 위한 LCC는 초기비용, 직접 복구 (rehabilitation) 비용과 인적 혹은 물적 손실비용의 직접비용, 도로이용자비용, 그리고 사회-경제 손실비용을 포함한 간접비용의 현재가치의 합으로 정식화하였다. 특히 본 논문에서는 교량이 속해 있는 도로의 네트워크를 고려한 도로이용자비용과 사회-경제 손실비용 산정을 위한 새로운 모델을 제안하였다. 본 연구에서 제안된 LCC 정식화 모델은 실제 강박스 거더교와 강상판형교의 LCC 최적설계 문제에 적용하였고, 다양한 경우에 대한 LCC의 효율성에 대해 비교 고찰하였다. LCC를 고려한 강교량의 최적설계는 설계시방서에 기초한 설계방법뿐만 아니라 초기비용 절감을 위한 최적설계 방법과 비교할 때 더욱 합리적이고, 경제적이며, 안전한 설계를 유도할 수 있으리라 판단된다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2010

현재 실무에서 입체교차로 유형을 결정하기 위해서는 해당 도로의 계획 교통량, 지형, 공사비, 주변 입체교차로와의 간격 등을 근거로 해서 결정하고 있지만, 문제는 같은 입력조건을 갖고도 설계자의 주관적 판단이나 발주부서의 요구 사항 등에 따라 서로 다른 유형을 결정할 수 있다는 점이다. 본 연구에서는 도로 입체교차로 유형을 객관적으로 결정하여 입력조건이 같다면 항상 일정한 유형을 찾아내는 유형 선정 알고리즘을 개발했다. 이 과정에서 기존 국내에 존재하는 입체교차로의 형식을 조사했고, 그 결과, 정형화된 기본형식 10개를 선정했다. 그 후 각 형식을 연결로의 형태를 고려하여 표시할 수 있는 방안을 제시했다. 또한 각 입체교차로별로 도로 사용자 비용과 입체교차로 공사비를 고려하여 편익과 비용을 구체화하는 방안을 제시했다. 본 연구에서 제시한 입체교차로 유형 선정 방법론은 일관성 있게 입체교차로 형식을 결정해 주는 것으로 분석되었고, 이 결과는 향후 도로 설계 실무자들이 입체교차로 형식을 선정하는 과정에 큰 도움이 될 것이다.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.996-1010
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• 2009

본 논문은 우리 실정에 맞고 국제비교에도 활용할 수 있는 국가차원의 교통계정 기본틀을 제시하였다. 기본틀은 비용 수입항목과 산정 방법론으로 구성되어 있다. 그리고 제시된 우리나라의 교통계정을 적용해본 결과, 국내총생산 대비 도로교통의 총비용은 유럽보다 3.23% 높은 것으로 나타났고 철도교통의 총비용은 유럽보다 0.67% 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 도로교통과 철도교통의 단위당 비용을 비교한 결과, 여객의 인-km당 도로교통 비용이 철도교통 비용의 약 4.8배, 화물의 톤-km당 도로교통 비용은 철도교통 비용의 약 2.4배로 나타났다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2015

Common utility tunnel is essential to the daily lives of people underground utilities (electricity, gas and supply facilities such as water, communication facilities, sewer facilities, etc.) to improve the appearance by co-acceptance and disaster prevention, important for the conservation of the city's population was concentrated road construction the city-based facilities. There is recognition of the importance of the various supply treatment facilities in common utility tunnel as infrastructure to accommodate joint according to the city expanded, the demand for infrastructure. In this paper, a cost-benefit analysis using a one-time occurrence, without simply relying on cost or current cost, project manager for the city-dimensional feasibility study conducted, the user level of the maintenance costs and user costs, including social costs items from various angles can be investigated and proposed a mechanism of economic feasibility common utility tunnel. Evaluation of the proposed technique is cost-benefit and cost caused by installing common utility tunnel the existing pipeline area - was investigated by the benefit analysis, extended and repeated common utility tunnel installation depends much affected by the excavation, so users of reducing the number of repeat excavation convenience can be seen that this occurs.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 1999년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.305-312
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• 1999

This study is intended to propose a systematic and practical life cycle cost(LCC) model for the development of the reliability-based seismic safety and cost-effective performance criteria for design and upgrading of long-span PC bridges. The LCC models consist of five cost functions such as initial cost, repair/replacement cost, human losses, road user cost, and indirect losses of regional economy. The proposed model Is successfully expressed in temrs of Park-Ang damage indices and life cycle damage probability obtained from SMART-DRAIN-2DX which is an existing algorithm for nonlinear time history analysis. The proposed LCC model is successfully applied to a viaduct constructed by PSM, in Seoul. Based on the observations, the proposed systematic procedure for the formulation of LCC model may be useful for the development of the reliability-based seismic safety and cost-effective performance criteria for design and upgrading of long-span PC bridges.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 6th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.376-380
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• 2015

Life-Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) for highway projects is known as an effective analytical technique that uses economic principles to evaluate long-term alternative investment options, especially for comparing the values of alternative pavement design structures and construction strategies. In the Unites States, the 2012 Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21^st Century Act (MAP-21) amended the United States Code to mandate that the United States Government Accountability Office (GOA) conducts a study of the best practices for calculating life-cycle costs and benefits for the federally funded highway projects in 2013. The RealCost 2.5CA program was developed and adapted as an official LCCA tool to comply with regulatory requirements for California state highway projects in 2013. Utilization of this California-customized LCCA software helps Caltrans to achieve substantial economic benefits (agency cost and road user cost savings) for highway projects. Proper implementation of LCCA for roadway construction and rehabilitation would deliver noticeable savings of agency's roadway maintenance cost especially in developing counties where financial difficulties exist.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 1999년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.249-256
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• 1999

This study is intended to propose a systematic procedure for the development of the reliability-based seismic safety and cost-effective Performance criteria for design and upgrading of long span PC bridges. In the paper, a set of cost function models for life cycle cost analysis of bridges is proposed. The total life cycle cost functions consist of initial cost and direct/indirect damage costs considering repair/replacement costs, human losses and property damage costs, road user costs, and indirect regional economic losses. The damage costs are successfully expressed in terms of Park-Ang median global damage indices and damage probabilities. The proposed approach is successfully applied to model bridges in both regions of a moderate seismicity area like Seoul, Korea and a high one like Tokyo, Japan. It may be expected that the proposed approach can be effectively utilized for the development of cost-effective performance criteria for design and upgrading of various types of bridges as well as long span PC bridges.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2018

PURPOSES : This study examines the performance changes of road networks according to the strength of a disaster, and proposes a method for estimating the quantitative resilience according to the road-network performance changes and damage scale. This study also selected high-influence road sections, according to disasters targeting the road network, and aimed to analyze their hazard resilience from the network aspect through a scenario analysis of the damage recovery after a disaster occurred. METHODS : The analysis was conducted targeting Sejong City in South Korea. The disaster situation was set up using the TransCAD and VISSIM traffic-simulation software. First, the study analyzed how road-network damage changed the user's travel pattern and travel time, and how it affected the complete network. Secondly, the functional aspects of the road networks were analyzed using quantitative resilience. Finally, based on the road-network performance change and resilience, priority-management road sections were selected. RESULTS : According to the analysis results, when a road section has relatively low connectivity and low traffic, its effect on the complete network is insignificant. Moreover, certain road sections with relatively high importance can suffer a performance loss from major damage, for e.g., sections where bridges, tunnels, or underground roads are located, roads where no bypasses exist or they exist far from the concerned road, including entrances and exits to suburban areas. Relatively important roads have the potential to significantly degrade the network performance when a disaster occurs. Because of the high risk of delays or isolation, they may lead to secondary damage. Thus, it is necessary to manage the roads to maintain their performance. CONCLUSIONS : As a baseline study to establish measures for traffic prevention, this study considered the performance of a road network, selected high-influence road sections within the road network, and analyzed the quantitative resilience of the road network according to scenarios. The road users' passage-pattern changes were analyzed through simulation analysis using the User Equilibrium model. Based on the analysis results, the resilience in each scenario was examined and compared. Sections where a road's performance loss had a significant influence on the network were targeted. The study results were judged to become basic research data for establishing response plans to restore the original functions and performance of the destroyed and damage road networks, and for selecting maintenance priorities.