• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.489-498
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• 2009

The purpose of the study is to review research in concept, measurement, effect, and influence factor of teacher efficacy. Through the review of previous research, the study shows that the concept of teacher efficacy is likely to be situation-specific rather than teacher characteristic. And the study represents that the measurement of teacher efficacy is related to the development of measurement instrument and the extraction of construct. The effect of teacher efficacy concerns the relationship between teacher efficacy and the student's academic achievement and affective traits such as motivation, interests, and attitude, and the relationship between teacher efficacy and teacher. And the influence factor of teacher efficacy concerns the influence of job environment related to teacher. The four things mentioned above are discussed in detail based on the previous research.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.168-176
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• 1996

Statistical analysis of occupational accidents plays an important role in establishing measures against accidents and for evaluating safety performance in work places. This research work, numerous numbers of research work have been conducted, which attemped to verify the existence of !he concept of "accident proneness" Also researches have been developed in the fields of systems safety analysis and risk analysis to analyze the characteristics of occupational accidents. This paper presents a brief historical review of these research activities with particular emphasis on the statistical analysis of occupational accidents. Based on this review, further development needs in relation to the statistical research on the occupational accidents in the near future are discussed.discussed.

• Journal of Smart Tourism
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.19-30
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• 2021

Smart tourism technologies are becoming ever more pervasive and an increasing number of destinations and hospitality establishments are investing in smart tourism initiatives. However, while governments and businesses around the world are aggressively pushing the smart tourism agenda forward, smart tourism research initiatives are still in their infancy and seem to not fully cover the whole spectrum of smart tourism-related issues and questions. This paper conducts a systematic review of existing smart tourism literature to determine the status quo of smart tourism research and to identify research gaps. Considering the steep growth of smart tourism initiatives starting at the beginning of this decade, this paper reviews publications on smart tourism over the last 8 years. All publications for which the keyword "smart tourism" appears in the title, keywords or abstract were included in the sample.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.9
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• pp.161-169
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• 2019

In this paper, we presented directions of future research based on the result of the systematic review about the effect of maker education. Selected paper were 32, and we analyzed papers in terms of research status, research design, participants, areas, learning style, and educational effect. As a result, the study on the effectiveness of the maker education started from 2016 and has been continuously increasing. Concerning participants, many studies focused on middle school students, upper grade elementary school students, and high school students. In the field of research area, maker education was applied most frequently to convergence education. Maker education has been the most studied in formal education, and problem solving ability and attitude were most verified as educational effects.

• Psychiatry investigation
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.1100-1114
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• 2018

Objective Personality traits can be the basis for individual differences in the biological response of stress. To date, many psychobiological studies have been conducted to clarify the relationship between personality and biological reactivity to stress. This review summarizes the most important findings in this area of research. Results Key findings related to the relationship between personality factors and stress-sensitive biological systems in four research models have been summarized; model of psychosocial characteristics, model based on Rumination and Emotional Inhibition, Eysenck's biopsychological model, and Five-Factor Approach of Personality. Conclusion According to the results of this review, it can be concluded that personality typology of individuals influenced their biological reactivity to stressful events. Understanding the biological basis of personality can help to better understand vulnerability to stress. Future research can be continuing based on framework of the four models.

• Journal of Smart Tourism
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.17-27
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• 2023

This study examines the scientific publications on website evaluation in hospitality and tourism from 2010 to 2023 through a systematic review and discusses implications for future research. The reviewed literature from publication years, journals, research methods, website-related stakeholders, context, various forms of Internet presence (Internet forms), and theories are analyzed to create a comprehensive website evaluation dimension. Furthermore, a conceptual framework is developed to show the relationship between the website characteristics, stakeholders-channels interaction, and stakeholders' reactions. The proposed website evaluation framework in hospitality and tourism synthesizes the existing knowledge, identifies gaps, and further advances our understanding of this research area.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.99-131
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• 2011

To strengthen the protection of human research subjects and human materials, the Korean Ministry of Health and welfare proposed the amendment bill of Bioethics and Safety Law(2010) to the Congress. It includes so many meaningful clauses. According to the bill, the scope that this act shall apply will be expended to the research involving human subjects and human materials. In the bill, there are the principles of this act; the protection of the life, health, and dignity of the human subjects, the obtaining of the adequate informed consent, the protection of the human subject's information confidentiality and the human subject's privacy, the assessment and minimizing of the risks involved and the guarantee of the safety for the human subjects, the preparation of the special protection program for the vulnerable human subjects, and so on. According to the bill, Institutional Bioethics Review Board(the same as Institutional Review Board) will be responsible for the auditing and monitoring on the research that was approved by IBRB, conducting the education program for the researchers, IBRB members and administrative staffs, preparing of the special protection program for the vulnerable human subjects, and forming the guidelines for the researchers as well as the review of the research protocols. And the State and local governments shall take necessary measures to support the expending of the social infrastructure. In addition to, IBRB will have to be assessed and to be gained the accreditation by the Korean Ministry of Health and welfare. So, if Bioethics and Safety Law is amended, it will contribute enormously to enhance the level of the human research subjects protection. Also, if this Law is amended, IBRB will play a major role for the conduct of the ethically, scientifically, and legally proper research. But now, as a matter of fact, the capability of IBRB members and IBRB office members is not enough to charge of this role because some people and some organizations does not know the importance of IBRB exactly. In spite of, IBRB shall be able to this role to protect the human subjects and to develop the level of the research On the international level. Therefore, the State, local governments and the Organization shall back up the administrative and financial terms of the IRB and IRB Office.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.259-273
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• 2017

This study is a meta-analysis of the articles published over the last 18 years from the first edition of the "International Commerce and Information Review" to December 2016. 1047 papers were published in "International Commerce and Information Review" until 2016. Many articles appeared in the order of electronic trade field, product and service innovation field, regional trade information field, trade law system field, and trade negotiation field. There are more than 15 major fields of authors who have published more than 20 papers."International Commerce and Information Review" is a multi-disciplinary journal by scholars in various major fields. Most of the authors belong to universities and the proportion of papers that receive research grants is 19.7%. 46 authors have published more than 5 papers in "International Commerce and Information Review", and their H-index is 5.6. Influence Index (IF) of the "International Commerce and Information Review" in 2016 is 1.02. The main keywords of the papers published in "International Commerce and Information Review" are e-commerce, Internet, service trade, China, e-trade, Korean Wave, FTA, SME and foreign direct investment.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.53-72
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• 2018

This empirical study explored characteristics that affect the usefulness of online reviews, in the China e-commerce platform, and implemented multiple regressions to find factors that significantly influence on product sales, ultimately. Till now, prior studies have continuously revealed what factor affects usefulness of online review or product sales, only in respective terms. The point of our study is that we built two-level regression models, thereby being able to comprehensively analyze these two different targets. Before plunging into running regressions, we carefully collected 192,764 online review data for 200 products extracted from the Jingdong, the second biggest e-commerce platform in China. Also, we gathered "review sentimental scores" variable from each review and used that one as a core variable in our regression model, thus we were able to implement both quantitative and qualitative research. The evidences from the two-level regression models showed that the extent to which a product is experience good positively affects both usefulness of a review and product sales, again the usefulness of a review contributes to product sales in sequence. Also, the property of experience good has interaction effect on both for two-level regression models. Our main findings highlight the importance of role of online review to business performance of e-commerce firms.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2004

Evaluation of toxicological pathology is to some extend subjective judgments by pathologist and the accuracy of pathologist's works is based on the individual training and experiences. It has been required to establish a peer review system for toxicologic pathology and these review system has been employed by various practice of toxicological pathology. It would be pointed out that the possible causes of drifts in pathology are due to 1) lack of knowledge or experience of individual pathologists, 2) poorly maintained consistence of grading among animals in study, 3) different interpretation of findings between pathologists, or 4) pathology data processing. Example cases of diagnostic errors and current practice of peer review including tissue selection criteria, documentation and problem resolution for short-term and carcinogenicity studies were introduced. For sound regulatory system and high integrity of practice in toxicological pathology, current approaches of peer review system were reviewed.