• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.25-40
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• 2021

In this article we introduce tribonacci sequence spaces c0(T) and c(T) derived by the domain of a newly defined regular tribonacci matrix T. We give some topological properties, inclusion relations, obtain the Schauder basis and determine ��-, ��- and ��- duals of the spaces c0(T) and c(T). We characterize certain matrix classes (c0(T), Y) and (c(T), Y), where Y is any of the spaces c0, c or ℓ∞. Finally, using Hausdorff measure of non-compactness we characterize certain class of compact operators on the space c0(T).

• 대한수학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.1269-1282
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• 2010

We in this note consider a new concept, so called $\pi$-McCoy, which unifies McCoy rings and IFP rings. The classes of McCoy rings and IFP rings do not contain full matrix rings and upper (lower) triangular matrix rings, but the class of $\pi$-McCoy rings contain upper (lower) triangular matrix rings and many kinds of full matrix rings. We first study the basic structure of $\pi$-McCoy rings, observing the relations among $\pi$-McCoy rings, Abelian rings, 2-primal rings, directly finite rings, and ($\pi-$)regular rings. It is proved that the n by n full matrix rings ($n\geq2$) over reduced rings are not $\pi$-McCoy, finding $\pi$-McCoy matrix rings over non-reduced rings. It is shown that the $\pi$-McCoyness is preserved by polynomial rings (when they are of bounded index of nilpotency) and classical quotient rings. Several kinds of extensions of $\pi$-McCoy rings are also examined.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.655-663
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• 2014

Let R be a ring with identity, X(R) the set of all nonzero, non-units of R and G(R) the group of all units of R. We show that for a matrix ring $M_n(D)$, $n{\geq}2$, if a, b are singular matrices of the same rank, then ${\mid}o_{\ell}(a){\mid}={\mid}o_{\ell}(b){\mid}$, where $o_{\ell}(a)$ and $o_{\ell}(b)$ are the orbits of a and b, respectively, under the left regular action. We also show that for a semisimple Artinian ring R such that $X(R){\neq}{\emptyset}$, $$R{{\sim_=}}{\oplus}^m_{i=1}M_n_i(D_i)$$, with $D_i$ infinite division rings of the same cardinalities or R is isomorphic to the ring of $2{\times}2$ matrices over a finite field if and only if ${\mid}o_{\ell}(x){\mid}={\mid}o_{\ell}(y){\mid}$ for all $x,y{\in}X(R)$.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.25-36
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• 2024

Purpose: Mucogingival defects (MGDs), such as dental root recessions, decreased vestibular depth, and absence of keratinized tissues, are commonly seen in dental clinics. MGDs may result in functional, aesthetic, and hygienic concerns. In these situations, autogenous soft tissue grafts are considered the gold-standard treatment. This study compares the healing process of free gingival grafts (FGGs) to bacterial cellulose matrix (BCM) and human acellular dermal matrix (ADM) seeded with fibroblasts from culture supplemented with platelet-rich plasma in a rat model. Methods: Surgical defects were made in rats, which received the following treatments in a randomized manner: group I, negative control (defect creation only); group II, positive control (FGG); group III, BCM; group IV, BCM + fibroblasts; group V, ADM; and group VI, ADM + fibroblasts. Clinical, histological, and immunological analyses were performed 15 days after grafting. Clinical examinations recorded epithelium regularity and the presence of ulcers, erythema, and/or edema. Results: The histological analysis revealed the degree of reepithelization, width, regularity, and presence of keratin. The Fisher exact statistical test was applied to the results (P<0.05). No groups showed ulcers except for group I. All groups had regular epithelium without erythema and without edema. Histologically, all groups exhibited regular epithelium with keratinization, and myofibroblasts were present in the connective tissue. The groups that received engineered grafts showed similar clinical and histological results to the FGG group. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that BCM and ADM can be used as cell scaffolds, with ADM yielding the best results. This study supports the use of this technical protocol in humans.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.829-841
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• 2000

We classify complete intersections I of grade 3 in a regular local ring (R, M) by the number of minimal generators of a minimal prime ideal P over I. Here P is either a complete intersection or a Gorenstein ideal which is not a compete intersection.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.873-884
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• 2009

We characterize QB-ideals of exchange rings by means of quasi-invertible elements and annihilators. Further, we prove that every $2\times2$ matrix over such ideals of a regular ring admits a diagonal reduction by quasi-inverse matrices. Prime exchange QB-rings are studied as well.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 cycle-4를 쉽게 피하고 가변 부호율과 길이로 접근할 수 있게 하는 순환 치환 행렬(CPM; circulant permutation matrix)을 토대로 한 간단한 패리티 검사 행렬의 구성 방법을 제안한다. 결과적으로 부행렬 연산은 여러 CPM들의 곱셈으로 처리될 수 있으며 LDPC 부호화 계산은 매우 간단하게 수행된다. 또한 LDPC 부호의 고속 부호화 문제를 고려한다. 제안한 설계는 정규, 비정규 LDPC 부호 둘 다를 위한 간단한 행렬 연산에 근거한 고속 부호화를 가능하게 한다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제67권5호
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• pp.457-464
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• 2018

This paper presents a method for detecting damage in irregular 2D and 3D continuum structures based on combination of wavelet transform (WT) with fuzzy inference system (FIS) and particle swarm optimization (PSO). Many damage detection methods study regular structures. This method studies irregular structures and doesn't need response of healthy structures. First the damaged structure is analyzed with finite element methods, and damage response is obtained at the finite element points that have irregular distance, secondly the FIS, which is optimized by PSO is used to obtain responses at points, having equal distance by response at those points that previously obtained by the finite element methods. Then a 2D (for 2D continuum structures) or a 3D (for 3D continuum structures) matrix is performed by equal distance point response. Thirdly, by applying 2D or 3D wavelet transform on 2D or 3D matrix that previously obtained by FIS detail matrix coefficient of WT is obtained. It is shown that detail matrix coefficient can determine the damage zone of the structure by perturbation in the damaged area. In order to illustrate the capability of proposed method some examples are considered.

• Composites Research
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.48-55
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• 2003

본 연구는 알루미늄 합금(AC8A)과 금속복합재료 (A1/A12O3) 및 혼합금속 복합재료(A1/A12O3/A12O3p)의 피로시험 결과 비교와, 일정진폭 피로 하중으로부터 예측한 수명과 실험으로부터 얻은 피로 수명의 비교하는 것이고, 음향방출(Acoustic Emission, AE) 방법을 이용하여 피로 시험 시 균열 발생의 측정 및 예측을 하고자 하였다. 노치재의 실험결과에 따르면, 세라믹 보강재의 첨가로 인해 기지재 보다 연성이 저하된 하이브리드 금속 복합재료와 단일 금속 복합재료의 피로 수명은 두 가지 하중 조건에서 모두 기지재 보다 더욱 짧은 수명을 나타내었다. 또한 누적피로수명평가 방법을 통해 예측된 피로수명은 랜덤하중 하에서 실험을 통해 얻어진 피로 수명과 거의 일치하였다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.493-501
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• 2005

Effect of solvents on physical characteristics and release characteristics of monolithic acetaminophen (APAP) hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) matrix granules and tablets were examined. Various types and amounts of solvents were employed for granulation and coating. APAP and other excipients were mixed and were then wet-granulated in a high-speed mixer. The dried granules were then directly compressed and film-coated with low viscosity grade HPMC. As the amount of water increased, the size of granules also increased, showing more spherical and regular shape. However, manufacturing problems such as capping and lamination in tableting occurred when water was used alone as a granulating solvent. The physical properties of HPMC matrix granules were not affected by the batch size. The initial release rate as well as the amount of APAP dissolved had a tendency to decrease as the water level increased. Addition of nonaqueous solvent like ethanol to water resulted in good physical properties of granules. When compared to water/ethanol as a coating solvent, the release rate of film-coated HPMC matrix tablets was more sensitive to the conditions of coating and drying in methylene chloride/ethanol. Most of all, monolithic HPMC matrix tablet when granulated in ethanol/water showed dual release with about $50\%$ drug release immediately within few minutes followed by extended release. It was evident that the type and amount of solvents (mainly water and ethanol) were very important for wet granulation and film-coating of monolithic HPMC matrix tablet, because the plastic deforming and fragmenting properties of material were changed by the different strengths of the different solvents.