• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.71-87
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• 2007

In this study, 14 heavy snow events in Yeongdong area which are local phenomena are analyzed using MODIS cloud products provided from NASA/GSFC. The clouds of Yeongdong area at observed at specific time by MODIS are classified into A, B, C Types, based on the characteristic of cloud properties: cloud top temperature, cloud optical thickness, Effective Particle Radius, and Cloud Particle Phase. The analysis of relations between cloud properties and precipitation amount for each cloud type show that there are statistically significant correlations between Cloud Optical Thickness and precipitation amount for both A and B type and also significant correlation is found between Cloud Top Temperature and precipitation amount for A type. However, for C type there is not any significant correlations between cloud properties and precipitation amount. A-type clouds are mainly lower stratus clouds with small-size droplet, which may be formed under the low level cold advection derived synoptically in the East sea. B-type clouds are developed cumuliform clouds, which are closely related to the low pressure center developing over the East sea. On the other hand, C-type clouds are likely multi-layer clouds, which make satellite observation difficult due to covering of high clouds over low level clouds directly related with Yeongdong heavy snow. It is, therefore, concluded that MODIS cloud products may be useful except the multi-layer clouds for understanding the mechanism of heavy snow and estimating the precipitation amount from satellite data in the case of Yeongdong heavy snow.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.64 no.6
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• pp.950-956
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• 2021

Objective : Psoas and masseter muscles are known markers of sarcopenia. However, the relative superiority of either muscle as a marker is unclear. Therefore, this study analyzed the two muscles in patients with a prognosis of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods : Patients with TBI visiting a regional trauma center between January 2017 and December 2018 were selected, and their medical records were reviewed. TBI patients with an abbreviated injury score (AIS) of 4 or 5 were selected. Patients with an AIS of 4 or 5 at the chest, abdomen, and extremity were excluded. Patients with a hospital stay of 1 to 2 days were excluded. Both muscle areas were measured based on the initial computed tomography. The psoas muscle index (PMI) and the masseter muscle index (MMI) were calculated by dividing both muscle areas by height in meters squared (cm²/m²). These muscle parameters along with other medical information were used to analyze mortality and the Glasgow outcome scale (GOS). Results : A total of 179 patients, including 147 males (82.1%), were analyzed statistically. The mean patient age was 58.0 years. The mortality rate was 16.8% (30 patients). The mean GOS score was 3.7. Analysis was performed to identify the parameters associated with mortality, which was a qualitative study outcome. The psoas muscle area (16.9 vs. 14.4 cm², p=0.028) and PMI (5.9 vs. 5.1 cm²/m², p=0.004) showed statistical differences between the groups. The PMI was also statistically significant as a risk factor for mortality in logistic regression analysis (p=0.023; odds ratio, 0.715; 95% confidence interval, 0.535-0.954). Quantitative analyses were performed with the GOS scores. Bivariate correlation analysis showed a statistically significant correlation between PMI and GOS scores (correlation coefficient, 0.168; p=0.003). PMI (p=0.004, variation inflation factor 1.001) was significant in multiple regression analysis. The masseter muscle area and MMI did not show significance in the study. Conclusion : Larger PMI was associated with statistically significant improved survival and GOS scores, indicating its performance as a superior prognostic marker. Further analyses involving a larger number of patients, additional parameters, and more precise settings would yield a better understanding of sarcopenia and TBI.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 2017

In this paper, we analyzed the factors influencing the size of Korea Polytechnic as a public vocational education and training institution through analysis of demand, region, industry, and demand with established existing campus and new campus in Korea Polytechnic. By analyzing data on admission, training, and employment for 3 years out of 37 campuses, we have sampled 5 campuses by type of Korea Polytechnic, fused with the results derived from the literature analysis and in-depth analysis results, so that the regional campus will play a leading role and the direction of development. The selection of five campuses by type is a precedent study to analyze 37 campuses in the future. As a result of the study, the demand analysis through objective indicators such as the number of high school graduates, the number of employed persons, the presence of nearby industrial complexes, and policy variables is very important and reflects the reality well. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the demand through the objective indicators in decision making related to the new campus at the pre-analysis stage. In addition to the general data proposed in this paper, that is, common variables in all regions, it is important to consider the factors that can reflect local demand characteristics when considering specific locations.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.297-304
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• 2021

This study aims not only to access the visual thought-oriented approach that has been implemented in established art therapy and education but also to integrate language education and therapeutic approach to support the development of school-age children. Thus, text mining technique was applied to search for areas where different areas of language and art can be integrated. This research was conducted in accordance with the procedure of basic research, preliminary DB construction, text screening, DB pre-processing and confirmation, stop-words removing, text mining analysis and the deduction about the convergent areas. These results demonstrated that this study draws convergence areas related to regional, communication, and learning functions, areas related to problem solving and sensory organs, areas related to art and intelligence, areas related to information and communication, areas related to home and disability, topics, conceptualization, peer-related areas, integration, reorganization, attitudes. In conclusion, this study is meaningful in that it established a framework for designing an activity-centered convergence program of art and language in the future and attempted a holistic approach to support child development.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.153-166
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• 2022

Waterstorage is one of the factorsthat most directly represent the amount of available water resources. Since the effects of drought can be more intuitively expressed, it is also used in variousstudies for drought evaluation. In a recent study, hydrological drought was evaluated through information on observing reservoirs with optical images. The short observation cycle and diversity of optical satellites provide a lot of data. However, there are some limitations because it is vulnerable to the influence of weather or the atmospheric environment. Therefore, thisstudy attempted to conduct a study on estimating the drought index using Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image with relatively little influence from the observation environment. We produced the waterbody of Baekgok and Chopyeong reservoirs using SAR images of Sentinel-1 satellites and calculated the Reservoir Area Drought Index (RADI), a hydrological drought index. In order to validate the applicability of RADI to drought monitoring, it was compared with Reservoir Storage Drought Index (RSDI) based on measured storage. The two indices showed a very high correlation with the correlation coefficient, r=0.87, Area Under curve, AUC=0.97. These results show the possibility of regional-scale hydrological drought monitoring of SAR-based RADI. As the number of available SAR images increases in the future, it is expected that the utilization of drought monitoring will also increase.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.31-31
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• 2023

During December 2022, the northeast monsoon, which dominates the south and the Gulf of Thailand, had significant rainfall that impacted the lower southern region, causing flash floods, landslides, blustery winds, and the river exceeding its bank. The Golok River, located in Narathiwat, divides the border between Thailand and Malaysia was also affected by rainfall. In flood management, instruments for measuring precipitation and water level have become important for assessing and forecasting the trend of situations and areas of risk. However, such regions are international borders, so the installed measuring telemetry system cannot measure the rainfall and water level of the entire area. This study aims to predict 72 hours of water level and evaluate the situation as information to support the government in making water management decisions, publicizing them to relevant agencies, and warning citizens during crisis events. This research is applied to machine learning (ML) for water level prediction of the Golok River, Lan Tu Bridge area, Sungai Golok Subdistrict, Su-ngai Golok District, Narathiwat Province, which is one of the major monitored rivers. The eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm, a tree-based ensemble machine learning algorithm, was exploited to predict hourly water levels through the R programming language. Model training and testing were carried out utilizing observed hourly rainfall from the STH010 station and hourly water level data from the X.119A station between 2020 and 2022 as main prediction inputs. Furthermore, this model applies hourly spatial rainfall forecasting data from Weather Research and Forecasting and Regional Ocean Model System models (WRF-ROMs) provided by Hydro-Informatics Institute (HII) as input, allowing the model to predict the hourly water level in the Golok River. The evaluation of the predicted performances using the statistical performance metrics, delivering an R-square of 0.96 can validate the results as robust forecasting outcomes. The result shows that the predicted water level at the X.119A telemetry station (Golok River) is in a steady decline, which relates to the input data of predicted 72-hour rainfall from WRF-ROMs having decreased. In short, the relationship between input and result can be used to evaluate flood situations. Here, the data is contributed to the Operational support to the Special Water Resources Management Operation Center in Southern Thailand for flood preparedness and response to make intelligent decisions on water management during crisis occurrences, as well as to be prepared and prevent loss and harm to citizens.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.19-37
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• 2023

This study empirically analyzed the determinants of the assessment ratio (hereinafter 'AR') based on a total of 2,129 sales cases of forests in Gwangju, Gyeonggi-do. The main findings of this study through multiple regression analysis are summarized as follows. First, this study shows that regional characteristics have significantly different effects on the AR of forest land prices. Specifically, there was a significant difference in the AR depending on the location of the parcel by sub-region and the ratio of residential area, and the higher the number of development plans in progress, the more likely the officially assessed land price will be formed close to the sale price. Second, this study analyzed that location characteristics such as the proximity of the inner and outer center of the jurisdiction and traffic accessibility had a significant influence on the determination of the AR. Third, this study identified significant differences in AR depending on detailed factors such as planning management areas, production management areas, conservation areas for mountain, conservation areas for nature, and restricted development areas as land use and regulatory characteristics of forest lands. Fourth, this study found that land characteristics are a significant factor influencing the AR as an individual factor in forest land.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.131-152
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• 2023

One of the key domains within a smart tourism city, smart mobility, encompasses advanced transportation means and services rooted in Information and Communication Technology (ICT). This includes shared bicycles, scooters, car-sharing services, smart transportation infrastructure, and more, aiming to surpass limitations of conventional transport and improve the movement of people and goods. It also serves tourists as an affordable and convenient mode of transport between attractions while also enhancing the overall travel experience. This study has defined 'smart tourism mobility' as a form of mobility grounded in ICT, exhibiting exceptional connectivity, serving public interest, and serving as a mode of transport for both residents and tourists in a smart tourism city. The research aimed to outline the scope of smart tourism mobility-related industries through expert Delphi surveys and estimate their economic effects within a smart tourism city. Specifically, this study updated 2015 input-output table and made 2020 regional input-output table of Seoul adopting RAS method and location quotient method. The results showed that the about 2.8 billion KRW investment of Seoul in smart tourism mobility may create more than 4.1 billion KRW in production inducement effect which is expected to create more than 1.6 billion KRW of income-inducing effect, 3.6 billion KRW of value-added-inducing effect, and 54 employment across all industries in Seoul in 2022.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.77-106
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• 1986

In the field of fisheries, there is at the apex Central Federation of Fishery Cooperatives, established under the Fishery Cooperatives Law(1962), It is a multipurpose organization with a membership of 105 cooperatives, 87 regional cooperatives, 15 business-type cooperatives and 3 manufactures' cooperatives. Accordingly, this thesis examines the marketing of fishery cooperatives in Korea, and in particular considers the marketing channel strategy of fisheries products. No company can perform by itself all the activities involved in the production and distribution of its products and services to its final markets. It must work with other firms to get the job done. Thus marketing channel firms of the fisheries products include primarily the fishery cooperatives, the licensed In the field of fisheries, there is at the apex Central Federation of Fishery Cooperatives, established under the Fishery Cooperatives Law (1962). It is a multipurpose organization with a membership of 105 cooperatives, 87 regional cooperatives, 15 business-type cooperatives and 3 manufactures' cooperatives. Accordingly, this thesis examines the marketing of fishery cooperatives in Korea, and in particular considers the marketing channel strategy of fisheries products. No company can perform by itself all the activities involved in the production and distribution of its products and services to its final markets. It must work with other firms to get the job done. Thus marketing channel firms of the fisheries products include primarily the fishery cooperatives, the licensed dealers and the merchant middlemen. The goal of marketing is in matching of segments of supply and demand. Every producer seeks to the link the marketing channel firms that will help it accomplish its objective best. This thesis tries to attempt to improve the present Korean Fishery Cooperatives marketing activities. The purpose of the operation of fishery cooperatives is to guarantee the profits of fisherman as well as the interests of general consumers by eliminating the inordinate profits of middlemen and by narrowing other market margins. Fishery cooperatives marketing activity functions forming a self-helf organization for economic protection of producers themselves, and acting as a market reformational institution through its transaction by group. The following are the characteristics of fishery cooperatives marketing. \circled1 Fishery cooperatives is organized with an economic factor and a personnel factor. \circled2 Fishery cooperatives is non-profit organization. \circled3 The members of fishery cooperatives is independent constitution of economy, but they are closely connected with the cooperative. \circled4 Fishery cooperatives is a mutual aid organization. The objective of an efficient marketing strategy may be well described by the common saying provides the right product at the right time, the right place, and the right price. But it is quite true that the Korean Fishermen's Cooperative can be said to owe its development to the successful implementation of the marketing system. The use of the marketing system has resulted in the following marketing strategy. 1. The direct marketing system. \circled1 The cooperation between the fishery cooperatives and the other cooperative through the collection and delivery center. \circled2 The selling between the fishery cooperatives and the large scale retailers through the process industry. 2. The vertical marketing system. \circled1The fishermen's cooperative to be nominated by wholesaler in the terminal market. \circled2 Contracted vertical marketing system. \circled3 Abolition of selling by double auction in the landing and the terminal market. 3. The physical distribution system. \circled1 The need for adoption of cold chain system to connect production directly to consumption. \circled2 The need for more expansion of landing markets and terminal market facilities. Solutions to the problems of the Korean fishery are made possible through effective functioning of cooperative marketing activities of fishery products. The marketing concept of fishermen's cooperative lies in the satisfaction of consumer needs. According to the marketing concept fishermen's cooperative should try to satisfy customer's needs through a coodinated set of activities that allows the organization to achieve its goal. Providing satisfaction to customers is the major trust of the marketing concept. To do this, a business must find out what will satisfy customers. With this information the cooperative sells to the greatest possible number of customers through the most efficient sales and marketing channels. Economic rationality of fishermen's cooperative marketing lies in reduction of marketing cost and elimination of intermediate institutions. Cooperative marketing and direct marketing are both indispensable marketing factors for a new cooperative organization among the manu ways. The cooperation between the fishermen's cooperative and the others cooperative, and vertical marketing system are the most necessary ones. Propulsion of cooperative marketing system could not be successful without the support of the marketing instituion's help. Consequently, successful cooperative marketing ought to lead to the necessity not only for the improvement of marketing organization, but for the application of a new marketing concept in the fishermen's cooperative.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.426-443
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• 2003

Electronic Commerce (EC) has been at the center of discussion as a symbol of the integration of unprecedentedly developed Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and traditional commerce. In spite of much attention to EC, the research from a spatial perspective has not proliferated yet. EC was regarded to have aspatial characteristics based on the expectation for a global expansion of business activities in a digital economy. This paper attempts to figure out the spatial characteristics of public Business-to-Business electronic marketplaces (public B2B e-MPs), as one of the most evolving forms of B2B EC, regardless of the low proportion in B2B EC at present. Many of the firms operating public B2B e-MPs in Korea were located in Seoul, especially in Gangnam-gu. The analysis of three spatial indices showed their extreme spatial concentration. The analysis on the location factors of Public B2B e-MP firms in Korea demonstrated that location factors of public B2B e-MP firms were differentiated by regional groups: Gangnam-gu, Seoul except Gangnam-gu, and the provinces. It was againt an initial extreme expectation that the firms relevant to B2B EC will not care about physical locations because they mainly do businesses in electronic space. The differences between those in Gangnam-gu and in the provinces were strikingly prominent. Such differentiated location factors by region were closely related to the different attributes of the public B2B e-MPs by region. In conclusion, public B2B e-MPs are not irrelevant to physical space and physical proximity, at least at a current stage. Customized spatial strategies are required for successful online businesses.