• Journal of Korean Traditional Oncology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2009

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death throughout the world. Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) is the most deadly form of lung cancer. Patients with non-small cell lung cancer are often found to be unavailable for operation at primary diagnosis. They are typically given conventional chemotherapy. When the tumor progresses during chemotherapy, a change in regimen is considered. The average period of administration differs with the regimen. In this case report, the authors introduce two cases of non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with allergen removed Rhus verniciflua stokes based herbal medicine along with pemetrexed($Alimta^{(R)}$) and erlotinib($Tarceva^{(R)}$). The authors report this case because these molecular-targeted agents were used for longer periods than expected, while improving the performance and other symptoms. Further studies illuminating the synergistic effects through conjunctive treatment with both conventional and Eastern medicine in lung cancer treatment should be performed in the future.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.655-661
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• 2007

Malignant melanoma is rare in Asians and one of the poorer prognostic diseases. Malignant melanoma accounts for only a small ratio of all skin cancers, but it causes the greatest number of skin cancer - related deaths worldwide. Melanoma incidence has continued to increase worldwide and in Korea, like other countries, the number of patients has increased compared with previous cancer incidence data. In this case report, we describe a case of a malignant melanoma patient who showed neck node metastasis (right supraclavicular area) after wide excision of facial melanoma 2 years before the diagnosis of relapse. The patient refused to get conventional western medical treatment including chemotherapy and the size of cancer increased over the 5 months of clinical follow-up. After 4 months of traditional Korean medical treatment using allergen-removed Rhus verniciflua Stokes(A-RVS), however, the size of cancer mass decreased and the patient showed no side effects. Further study will be needed in order to determine the long-term effect of allergen-removed Rhus verniciflua Stokes on patients with malignant melanoma.

• Research in Vestibular Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.134-141
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• 2018

Objectives: We aimed to study the role of vestibular input on spatial memory performance in mice that had undergone bilateral surgical labyrinthectomy, semicircular canal (SCC) occlusion and 4G hypergravity exposure. Methods: Twelve to 16 weeks old ICR mice (n=30) were used for the experiment. The experimental group divided into 3 groups. One group had undergone bilateral chemical labyrinthectomy, and the other group had performed SCC occlusion surgery, and the last group was exposed to 4G hypergravity for 2 weeks. The movement of mice was recorded using camera in Y maze which had 3 radial arms (35 cm long, 7 cm high, 10 cm wide). We counted the number of visiting arms and analyzed the information of arm selection using program we developed before and after procedure. Results: The bilateral labyrinthectomy group which semicircular canal and otolithic function was impaired showed low behavioral performance and spacial memory. The semicircular canal occlusion with $CO_2$ laser group which only semicircular canal function was impaired showed no difference in performance activity and spatial memory. However the hypergravity exposure group in which only otolithic function impaired showed spatial memory function was affected but the behavioral performance was spared. The impairment of spatial memory recovered after a few days after exposure in hypergravity group. Conclusions: This spatial memory function was affected by bilateral vestibular loss. Space-related information processing seems to be determined by otolithic organ information rather than semicircular canals. Due to otolithic function impairment, spatial learning was impaired after exposure to gravity changes in animals and this impaired performance was compensated after normal gravity exposure.

• Research in Vestibular Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.142-151
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• 2018

Objectives: Excitability o medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) in the brainstem can be affected by changes in the arterial blood pressure. Several animal studies have demonstrated that acute hypotension results in the alteration of multiunit activities and expression of cFos protein in the MVN. In the field of extracellular electrophysiological recording, tetrode technology and spike sorting algorithms can easily identify single unit activity from multiunit activities in the brain. However, detailed properties of electrophysiological changes in single unit of the MVN during acute hypotension have been unknown. Methods: Therefore, we applied tetrode techniques and electrophysiological characterization methods to know the effect of acute hypotension on single unit activities of the MVN of rats. Results: Two or 3 types of unit could be classified according to the morphology of spikes and firing properties of neurons. Acute hypotension elicited 4 types of changes in spontaneous firing of single unit in the MVN. Most of these neurons showed excitatory responses for about within 1 minute after the induction of acute hypotension and then returned to the baseline activity 10 minutes after the injection of sodium nitroprusside. There was also gradual increase in spontaneous firing in some units. In contrast small proportion of units showed rapid reduction of firing rate just after acute hypotension. Conclusions: Therefore, application of tetrode technology and spike sorting algorithms is another method for the monitoring of electrical activity of vestibular nuclear during acute hypotension.

• Research in Vestibular Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.160-166
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• 2018

Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the current management status of the vestibular function test laboratories in Korea. Methods: Questionnaire about the management status of the vestibular function test laboratories was sent by email to the entire members of the Korean Balance Society. The contents of questionnaire included situation of employees who perform the tests, the types of vestibular function tests and equipment, frequency of the test and types of dizziness related questionnaires. Results: Forty-nine hospitals and clinics responded. All the 49 respondents answered that they have videonystagmography. Spontaneous nystagmus analysis by videonystagmogrphy was the most frequently tests for patients with dizziness. Questionnaires for dizziness were used by 27 respondents (55.1%) for initial evaluation of the dizziness patients. The Korean version of dizziness handicap inventory was the most frequently used dizziness related questionnaire. Conclusions: We analyzed the current management status of vestibular function test laboratories to comprehend the present condition of the vestibular function test. We think that these results will help to provide a standard for laboratory operations and prepare for the education, focusing on high-demand tests.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.723-729
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• 2019

Objective: This study was aimed at reporting on a patient with repeated recurrence of metastatic colorectal cancer treated with traditional Korean medicine (TKM) alone after operation and chemotherapy. Method: The patient with metastatic colorectal cancer received tumor resections four times and perioperative chemotherapy for repeated recurrence from February 2013 until March 2015. TKM, which included Gunchil-dan and Haeam-dan, was administered until June 2019 to prevent additional relapses. Results: After 49 months of TKM treatment, there was no tumor recurrence. A no evidence of disease (NED) state was maintained from March 2015 to June 2019. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) was shown for 49 months and overall survival (OS) for 78 months. Serious adverse events evaluated according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Version 5.0 were not identified. This study suggested that TKM with herbal medicine including aRVS might prolong survival and inhibit recurrence of tumors in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.86-86
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• 2019

We present BV photometric observations and high-resolution spectra of AO Ser, which were obtained at the Mt. Lemmon Optical Astronomy Observatory (LOAO) and the Bohyunsan Optical Astronomy Observatory (BOAO), respectively, in 2017. The radial velocities (RVs) for both components were measured, and the effective temperature of the primary star was found to be $T_{eff,1}=8,820{\pm}62K$ by a comparison of the observed spectra and the Kurucz models. A unique set of fundamental parameters of AO Ser were derived for the first time by a simultaneous analysis of the light and RV curves. The results indicate that our program target is a semi-detached eclipsing system with values of $M_1=2.06{\pm}0.11M_{\odot}$ and $M_2=0.41{\pm}0.03M_{\odot}$, $R_1=1.54{\pm}0.03R_{\odot}$ and $R_2=1.30{\pm}0.02R_{\odot}$, and $L_1=12.9{\pm}0.2L_{\odot}$ and $L_2=0.9{\pm}0.3L_{\odot}$. We applied multiple frequency analyses to the eclipse-subtracted light residuals. As a result, two frequencies of $f_1=21.85151days^{-1}$ and $f_2=23.48405days^{-1}$ were detected and their pulsation constants were calculated to $Q_1=0.0344days$ and $Q_2=0.0320days$. The pulsational characteristics and the position in the HR diagram demonstrate that the primary star is a ${\delta}$ Sct pulsator.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2021

Respiratory viruses (RVs) cause infections in hospital environments through direct contact with infected visitors. In infection control, it causes major problems of acquired infections in hospitals by respiratory viruses. The surveillance data derived from clinical laboratories are often used to properly allocate medical resources to hospitals and communities for treatment, consumables, and diagnostic product purchases in the institutions and public health sectors that provide health care. An early diagnosis is essential in infection with respiratory viruses, and methods that can be used in diagnostic methods using respiratory samples include virus culture, molecular diagnosis, and analysis. A microchip provides a new strategy for developing a more diverse and powerful technology called point-of-care testing. The importance of the respiratory system should be applied strictly to the infection control guidelines to ensure the occupational health and safety of health care workers. Evidence of clinical efficacy, including this study, is challenging the long-standing paradigm for infection propagation. Additional assistance will be needed for frequent tests to detect respiratory viruses in inpatients who have begun to show new respiratory symptoms indicating infections requiring efforts to control the infection.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.217-223
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• 2010

In this study, we investigated antioxidant capacity and determined the phenolic and flavonoid contents using each of various solvent conditions from fermented Rhus verniciflua stem bark (F-RVS). Each extracts displayed markedly similar content of extraction yield. However, M80 extract showed a significantly higher antioxidant activity in comparison to other extract investigated. M80 exhibited strong DPPH radical scavenging activity with $RC_{50}$ value of $10.5{\pm}1.4{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, reducing power value 1.04 Abs (concentration of 1 mg/$m{\ell}$), and anti-lipid peroxidation activity value of 94.6% (concentration of 10 mg/$m{\ell}$). M80 extract showed the high content of total phenolic (319.7 mg GAE/$m{\ell}$ extract) and total flavonoid (111.6 mg QE/$m{\ell}$ extract). Phenolic and flavonoid compounds showed significant relationship in DPPH radical scavenging ($R^2$=0.911 and 0.912, each extract) and reducing power ($R^2$=0.903 and 0.837, each extract) from fermented R. verniciflua stem bark. However, antilipid peroxidation activity ($R^2$=0.589 and 0.441, each extract) was not significant like DPPH radical scavenging and reducing power. Therefor the result indicated that the potential antioxidant activities and functional values were ovserved significantly at M80 solvent condition from the fermented R. verniciflua stem bark.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.81-90
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• 2015

Purpose: Group A rotavirus (RV) is most common etiologic agent of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children worldwide. Recently, vaccination has been introduced in several countries to reduce the disease burden caused by RV infections, but continuous surveillance of RV strains is necessary to detect the emergence of potential variants induced by vaccine-immune pressure. This study aimed to investigate the changing pattern of RV genotypes in children with AGE, following the introduction of vaccination in Korea. Methods: Genotyping of RVs by RT-PCR on the basis of VP7 and VP4 gene segment sequence was carried out on 201 rotavirus-positive stool samples, from children hospitalized with AGE between August 2009 and June 2013. We have directly sequenced PCR products and analyzed the phylogenetic tree. Results: The most prevalent G genotype was G9 (33.3%), followed by G1 (22.4%), G3 (15.9%), G2 (6.0%), G4 (3.0%), G10 (1.5%), and mixed G-type (15.4%), with some nontypeable cases (2.5%). The detected P genotypes were P[4] (45.3%), P[8] (43.8%), mixed P-type (10.4 %), and P[2] (0.5%). The G9P[4] genotype was predominantly observed in hospitalized cases in Seoul in 2010/2011, however G1P[8] has been re-emerged as the predominant genotype in the following season (P =0.004). Conclusions: It seems that the periodic fluctuation in predominance of the G1, G3, and G9 strains occurred in Korea during 2009-2013, following the introduction of RV vaccination.