• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.859-893
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• 2009

In this article, we will characterize structures of geometric quotient orbifolds of G-manifold of genus two where G is a finite group of orientation preserving diffeomorphisms using the idea of handlebody orbifolds. By using the characterization, we will deduce the candidates of possible non-hyperbolic geometric quotient orbifolds case by case using W. Dunbar's work. In addition, if the G-manifold is compact, closed and the quotient orbifold's geometry is hyperbolic then we can show that the fundamental group of the quotient orbifold cannot be in the class D.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.163-192
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• 2004

In this paper, we introduce the concepts of intuitionistic fuzzy subspaces, intuitionistic fuzzy topological groups and intuitionistic fuzzy quotient groups. And we investigate some of their properties.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.128-137
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was performed to identify the effects of oriental herbal tea on the brain function elders at the day care center and the nursing home. Methods: This study used a pre-post quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group. Total 38 of elderly population (20 of experimental group and 18 of control group) was recruited. 100 mL of a type of oriental herbal tea developed for purpose of this study was given to each subject 3 times a day for 30 days (from May to Jun 2013). The brain function quotient was used to measure brain function. The data were analyzed by SPSS/WIN 18.0. Results: After drinking the oriental herbal tea, more significant improvement on attention quotient (AQ), anti-stress quotient (ASQ), emotion quotient (EQ) and brain quotient (BQ) were found in the experimental group than control group. Conclusion: This study shows that oriental herbal tea can be a health promotion option in elders. Therefore the tea can be utilized as an effective intervention for the health of elders in health facilities.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.789-803
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• 2017

Let $K={\mathbb{Q}}({\alpha})$ be a cubic field where ${\alpha}$ is an algebraic integer such that $disc_K({\alpha})$ is square-free. In this paper we will classify the structure of the unit group of the quotient ring ${\mathcal{O}}_K/A$ for each non-zero ideal A of ${\mathcal{O}}_K$.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.28 no.1_2
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• pp.345-349
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• 2010

Throughout this paper, we denote that R is a (right) near-ring and G an R-group. We will derive some properties of substructures and quotient substructures of Rand G.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.467-474
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• 2002

Let A be C(D), A(D), P(T), C(T), or H$\^$$\infty$/(U). We evaluate the quotient group GL(A) by exp(A).

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.479-486
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• 2016

The norm N(G) of a group G is the intersection of the normalizers of all the subgroups of G. In this paper, the structure of finite groups with a cyclic norm quotient is determined. As an application of the result, an interesting characteristic of cyclic groups is given, which asserts that a finite group G is cyclic if and only if Aut(G)/P(G) is cyclic, where P(G) is the power automorphism group of G.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.111-119
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• 2012

Purpose: Recently, Neurofeedback training system that based on biofeedback of brain wave was introduced. This study was performed to identify the effects of the improvement of brain function by Neurofeedback training on elders(the 2nd or 3rd grade of long-term care insurance services). Methods: A quasi-experimental design using a nonequivalent control group, pre-post test was used. Total 11 elderly were enrolled in this study (experimental group 5, control group 6). The intervention was conducted 3 times a week for 30 minutes from January to June, 2012 (total 60 times). Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U-test were used to analyze the data. Results: After the Neurofeedback intervention, attention quotient (AQ), anti-stress quotient (ASQ), emotion quotient (EQ) and brain quotient (BQ) of the experimental group were significantly better than those of the control group. Conclusion: The findings indicate that the Neurofeedback training program was effective in reducing fatigue by AQ, increasing the physical and mental stress resistance by ASQ, emotional balance by EQ and improving of total brain function by BQ. Therefore Neurofeedback training be used as an effective training intervention for the health of elderly in geriatric facility.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.198-209
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• 2021

This study examined the dietary habits and nutrition quotient (NQ) scores according to leftover food during school meal services among middle school students in the Gyeonggi region. A survey on the dietary habits was conducted among 405 male and female middle school students located in Seongnam City, Gyeonggi Province. The amount of leftover food in the school meals was surveyed using the visual method through a questionnaire over two days. The survey was conducted from July 8, 2019, to July 12, 2019. After calculating the average total leftovers of each student over the two days, they were categorized into the following three groups: the top third was the large leftover group. The middle third was the medium leftover group, and the lower third was the small leftover group. The characteristics of the groups that had leftovers were analyzed. Female, normal-weight, and underweight students accounted for a greater proportion of the large leftover group than male, overweight, and obese students. The rates of selective eating and compliance with new food intake were significantly lower in the large leftover group than in the small leftover group. A comparison of the nutrition quotient for the adolescent (NQ-A) scores of each group revealed significantly lower scores of the large leftover group for all factors (balance, moderation, food diversity, practice, and environment) than the small leftover group. Therefore, there are statistically significant differences in the dietary habits, nutritional quality, and eating behaviors of middle school students that are associated with the amount of leftover food during school meals.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.561-566
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• 2013

We propose an efficient exponentiation method which is resistant against some side channel attacks in $T_2(p)$, Torus-Based-Cryptosystem. It is more efficient than the general exponentiation method in $T_2(p)$ and is resistant against SPA by using that the difference of squaring and multiplication costs is negligible. Moreover, we can randomize a message in exponentiation step using the characteristic of quotient group which naturally protects against the first DPA.