• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.81-91
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• 2019

Integrated management of Korea national and environmental planing for sustainable development is suggested, and basic research is needed. In this study, national and regional plans were assessed using 'integrated management index of Korea national planning and environmental planning' to grasp the current status of integrated management on Korea national planning and environmental planning. As a result of the assessment, it was found that both national and regional plans need to improve considering the natural ecology part and water resource and quality part. In addition, it was derived that the detailed contents of the indicator can not be reflected according to the characteristics in the higher-level plan. Therefore, it has been found necessary to include proclamatory contents so as to be able to establish a detailed plan that reflects environmental goals in the lower-level plan.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.220-233
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• 2019

Bacterial lysates have become a common ingredient for natural health care. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) could serve as potential candidates for lysate production: the lactic acids produced by LAB have been utilized for their moisturizing, antimicrobial, and rejuvenating effects, while other substances provide topical benefits and health effects for the skin. Our study aimed to obtain lysate from a LAB S. macedonicus MBF 10-2 through an optimized fermentation using the Response Surface Methodology. Strain MBF10-2 was cultivated in a 2L fermenter tank in de Man Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) medium and in plant-based peptone modified MRS, i.e. Soy-peptone and Vegitone. The duration and the medium composition (dextrose and soy peptone or proteose peptone) were adjusted to obtain an optimum production of cell lysate. Central Composite Design was employed for Design Expert 7.0.0 by adjusting 3 factors: dextrose (1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%), soy or proteose peptone (0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, 1.25% and 1.5%), and duration of fermentation (8, 10, 12 14, and 16 h for MRS-Soy peptone and 15, 17, 19, 21, and 23 h for MRS Vegitone). Bacteriocin-Like Inhibitor Substance activity of lysate and pH were used as indicators. The optimum condition for lysate production using MRS Soy Peptone and Vegitone are as follows: dextrose concentration 2.5%, plant-based peptone 1.25%, while optimum fermentation duration were 11.18 h (MRS Soy Peptone) and 17 h (MRS Vegitone) with a starter concentration of 10% at $OD_{600nm}$ $0.2{\pm}0.05$. However, the standard MRS medium produced better quality lysate compared to MRS plant-based peptones.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.1237-1245
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• 2018

In this study, the contamination levels of hygienic indicators and foodborne pathogens in retail meat products were investigated in relation to the various market factors including processing temperature, processing area, and market type. Ground beef samples (n=80) were purchased from 40 meat markets and investigated for microbiological quality. Beefs processed below $20^{\circ}C$ had significantly lower numbers of total coliforms (TC) than these processed over $20^{\circ}C$ (2.01 vs. 2.79 log CFU/g; p<0.05). Interestingly, separation of processing area did not affect the contamination levels. Remarkably, the contamination levels of hygienic indicator differ among market types, indicating that not only processing condition but distribution structure that is directly related with storage period could affect the final microbiological loads of the meat products. In addition, the prevalences of Listeria monocytogenes (a psychrotroph), Enterococcus faecium, and Enterococcus faecalis were 7.5% (6/80), 10.0% (8/80), and 20.0% (16/80), respectively, which is irrelevant to market factors except meat products from wholesale markets where no L. monocytogenes were found among 30 samples. The results of this study indicate that the contamination level of hygiene indicator and foodborne pathogens in retail beef is more related with processing temperature and storage period than other environmental factors.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.60-67
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• 2019

The main purpose of this study is to identify the tasks performed at the construction stage of apartment houses and analyze the major construction tasks that may affect the performance indicators and analyze the impact on project performance. Based on expert opinions through preliminary research, pilot data, construction database, and other research trends, domestic and foreign research trends are divided into five major tasks, and each is divided into process management (P'1 ~ P'6), construction management (C'1 ~ C'5), environmental management (E'1 ~ E'4), quality control (Q'1 ~ Q'5), safety management (S'1 ~ S'5). Subsequently, each major task was subdivided into 24 detailed tasks. An independent t-test was conducted to analyze the impact on cost. We compared the importance of achieving the project goal and identified the construction work of concrete important construction which affects not only the cost but also the schedule performance index for the degree of significance of less than 0.05.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.77-96
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• 2019

Logistics and transportation are increasingly playing a crucial role in international trade relations. Logistics services provide sectoral connections within the local economy. The efficient logistics services facilitate the flow of products; besides ensuring safety and speed of movement, they can reduce the cost of cross-border trade. The Logistics Performance Index (LPI) evaluates the efficiency of customs, quality of transportation service, and infrastructure for overland and maritime transport in each country it covers. The objective of this article is to analyze the impact of the various LPI indicators of Korea's trading partners. The impact of LPI on trade varies according to the income level of the trading partners. The results show that an improvement in any of the components of the LPI can lead to significant growth in a country's trade flow. Exports to Korea will increase as the LPI of the trading partner country is higher. This index has a greater impact on the exports of low-income countries.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.5.1-5.9
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• 2019

The chinstrap (Pygoscelis antarcticus) and gentoo (P. papua) penguins are distributed throughout Antarctica and the sub-Antarctic islands. In this study, high-quality de novo assemblies of blood transcriptomes from these penguins were generated using the Illumina MiSeq platform. A total of 22.2 and 21.8 raw reads were obtained from chinstrap and gentoo penguins, respectively. These reads were assembled using the Oases assembly platform and resulted in 26,036 and 21,854 contigs with N50 values of 929 and 933 base pairs, respectively. Functional gene annotations through pathway analyses of the Gene Ontology, EuKaryotic Orthologous Groups, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases were performed for each blood transcriptome, resulting in a similar compositional order between the two transcriptomes. Ortholog comparisons with previously published transcriptomes from the $Ad{\acute{e}}lie$ (P. adeliae) and emperor (Aptenodytes forsteri) penguins revealed that a high proportion of the four penguins' transcriptomes had significant sequence homology. Because blood and tissues of penguins have been used to monitor pollution in Antarctica, immune parameters in blood could be important indicators for understanding the health status of penguins and other Antarctic animals. In the blood transcriptomes, KEGG analyses detected many essential genes involved in the major innate immunity pathways, which are key metabolic pathways for maintaining homeostasis against exogenous infections or toxins. Blood transcriptome studies such as this may be useful for checking the immune and health status of penguins without sacrifice.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.31-38
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• 2019

The main purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of the cost estimates on the construction work in residential apartment housing facilities. The planning work of facility construction is roughly divided into five main tasks which are further broken down into the following: process plan (P1-P6), construction plan (C1-C5), environmental management plan (E1-E4), quality management plan (Q1-Q5) and the safety management plan (S1-S5). In this study these tasks were classified into 25 detailed planning duties and a statistical analysis was performed on each one to determine its impact on cost. Finally this study derives from major planning tasks for effective cost management through correlation between planning tasks, cost indicators and t-test.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.323-339
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• 2021

Objectives: This study investigates the effect of electro-acupuncture on aphasia after stroke. Methods: A search of OASIS, NDSL, PubMed, Cochrane, and CNKI was executed between 4 January 2021 and 4 February 2021, with no limitation on publication year. Extraction and selection from the studies were made by 3 authors. The quality of the studies was evaluated using Cochrane's risk of bias (RoB) tool. Results: 10 studies met the selection criteria. As the treatment site for electro-acupuncture, GV20 (Baihui) was used the most. In all studies, the region located on the head was used for treatment without distinguishing between acupoints and areas of scalp acupuncture, and the stimulation was organized into 3 conditions: speed, intensity, and time. The outcome indicators used before and after treatment focused on the evaluation of language function and the degree of aphasia. The results showed that using electro-acupuncture with speech rehabilitation therapy for aphasia after stroke was more effective than using speech rehabilitation therapy alone. Conclusions: In this review, electro-acupuncture for aphasia after stroke was found to have a significant effect compared to the previous treatment alone. However, because of limitations, information was not reliable enough. Additional research is needed to produce more objective evidence.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.525-537
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• 2021

Since the late 1990s, public nursing hospitals have been established, and as of 2018, 79 hospitals account for 5.1% of all nursing hospitals. Announcing the public Moon Jae-in dementia in the state government responsibility for the convalescent hospital with dementia to patients for specified to the hospital with severe dementia specialist care institution. A different policy options and development. In this regard, the Dementia Management Act was revised in 2018 to provide a legal basis for the operation evaluation of public nursing hospitals, and this evaluation will begin in 2020. As part of the study to conduct the operation evaluation of public nursing hospitals to be implemented from 2020, the research established a function to foster public nursing hospitals as specialized institutions for dementia patients and competent institutions for treating rehabilitation patients during the period of recovery, and developed an evaluation system to evaluate their behavior as medical services, public nature and public institutions.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.62-74
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• 2021

Objectives : The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of acupuncture and the details of acupuncture treatment methods on skin wrinkles. Methods : Search was conducted in Pubmed, KISS, and NDSL databases for acupuncture studies on skin wrinkles. The detailed therapeutic techniques of acupuncture used for skin wrinkles and the effect of acupuncture on skin wrinkle improvement were analyzed. Then, the study results using the same indicator were compared through meta-analysis in order to compare the effects of acupuncture with the control group. The quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was assessed using the risk of bias (ROB) assessment tool (Ver. 1.0, Cochrane Collaboration). Results : A total of 10 RCTs and 19 case series were included in this study. The most frequently used therapeutic technique for skin wrinkle improvement was Microneedle therapy system (MTS, n=19), and they were mostly used with aesthetic solutions (13 out of 19 studies). Skin wrinkle related indexes were most commonly used to evaluate skin wrinkle improvement (n=14). Panax Ginseng pharmacopuncture showed the most remarkable effect in improving the range of skin wrinkles and the depth of skin wrinkles. MTS+epidermal growth factor improved the levels of skin hydration, skin elasticity, and variation of skin pigment the most. MTS+Endothelial precursor cell improved the number of skin melanin the most. Three RCTs included in the meta-analysis showed moderate ROB on average. Conclusions : Acupuncture treatment was effective in improving skin wrinkles. However, a precise study design using unified indicators and appropriate controls needs to be performed in further studies in order to establish more convincing evidence of the effectiveness of acupuncture for improving skin wrinkles.