• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.47-66
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• 2020

Even a lot of research has shown about entrepreneurship, there are still some limitations to apply to women. It was limited because it has been illuminated by general points of view. In this situation, it is needed to study more about entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurship will. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of entrepreneurship education experience and the effect of entrepreneurship education on the will of entrepreneurship. First, the implications of the study were to verify that the effect of entrepreneurship education, which is the ability of entrepreneurship knowledge, can contribute to raising the will of entrepreneurship. Therefore, in the entrepreneurship education conducted by universities, operating as a participatory program that can enhance entrepreneurship skills rather than theoretical aspects will contribute to enhancing the willingness of female college students to start up. Second, career orientation and entrepreneurship, which are characteristics of individual psychological behavior, have the result of raising the will to start a business and linking it to actual start-up. Therefore, it is suggested that students conduct their entrepreneurship comprehension and connect themselves to active entrepreneurship activities by conducting a diagnosis of the career orientation and entrepreneurship of students during the start-up education of the university. Third, women's entrepreneurship will become more active in government, and university entrepreneurship support programs expanded to target women's college students.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.217-236
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• 1971

Introduction: The integration of theoretical material in the classroom with clinical practice in the field is an important concept in nursing education. nursing students at all levels need to acquire individual patient's needs, and applying creativity in the comprehensive nursing care. Problem solving and observation skills are important aspects in the development of nursing skills. Nursing students during their clinical work in maternal and child health observed that the major difficulties experienced by new mothers centered around psychological and physiological changes. Breast engagement and throbbing breast pain were the most frequent complaints by primiparas during the postpartum phase. In order to understand the factors affecting the discomfort, and to devise appropriate nursing care, these complaints were experimented. resent study represents an attempt to evaluate the impact of antepartal care (including breast care) on the subsequent of breast feeding difficulties. For the research purposes, hypotheses were made as follows: 1. There is a relationship between breast care and anthemata care attendance. 2. If primiparas practice treat care during their anthemata relied, they will have less throbbing breast pain during the postpartum phase. 3. If primiparas practice breast care during their antenatal period, they will have less breast engagement during the postpartum phase. Method: The researcher selected two highly specialized nurses in maternity clinical ward. They checked mother's chest circumference on the top line of breast every morning including mother's fever, caked breast, and lymphnodes on axillae. These nurses checked mother's breast while they staying hospital for four days. The total number of primiparas were 62 during June 5th to July 15th in 1971 at the Severance Hospital. For 40 days among 62 members of new mothers, 28 of them had breast care during antenatal period. Rest of them did not have breast care during antenstal period. Result: The result of this research revealed that the first hypothesis was accepted that the group which had breast care during antenatal period, had positive relationship with antenatal care. If the mothers were more educated, the more anticipated to antenatal care including breast care. For the second hypothesis, on the delivery day, there was no change on breast between two groups. On the first day of delivery, there were breast throbbing pains to the group who did not receive breast care, than the group who received the breast care. Therefore, second hypothesis was also accepted. For the third hypothesis, there was no breast engagement difference between two groups for the entire period. The third hypothesis was rejected.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.39-52
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• 1995

Burning mouth syndrome is characterized by a burning sensation in oral cavity without clinical signs. There has b een no established theories about the diagnosis and treatment. The purpose of this article is to examine the clinical feature of BMS patients of Korean and to present a treatment protocol that can be helpful in clinical applications. The subjects chosen for the study were 52 patients who had visited Department of Oral Diagnosis at Yonsei University Dental Hospital and were diagnosed as BMS. We did questionnaires and precise oral exam, laboratory exam, grouping of our patients, individual treatment for the groups and classification of responses to the treatment. The following results were obtained: 1. Chief complaints were throbbing (71.2%), pricking, stinging, tingling (30.8%), burning(25a%). The tongue is the most frequently affected site (82.7%), followed by full mouth, gingiva, palate, buccal mucosa, lips, throat, labial mucosa and floor of mouth. 2. The average age of onset was 48.1 year and the male to female ratio was 1 to 3. The average duration of symptom was 11.69 months for male and 23.07 months for female. 3. 32.7% of patients had appealed continuous pain, which was the most cases. Aggravating factors were peppery food, salty food, hot food, fatigue, tension conversation, sour food, cold food and toothpaste. Reducing factors were cold food, diet, going to sleep and smoking. 4. Associated symptoms were dry mouth, other life problem, altered taste perception, bad taste, throat pain, tingle and difficulty in swallowing. 5. Most of patients had appealed that there was not associated event on onset of symptom, and the order of prevalence is as fallow; dental treatment, stress, denture wearing, an attack of a systemic disease. 92.3% of patient appealed that there was no psychological withering and 7.7% of patients appealed positively. 6. There were eight males and four females that had jobs. 7. There was no family history in 100% of patients in questions about presence of family history. 8. 96.2% of patients appealed that there was no oral habits. 13.5% of patients had dryness of oral mucosa in oral exam. A significant relation to dental prosthesis was not observable, but incidence of diseases due to stress appeared high in BMS which had the clinical characteristics as above. A group having low serum iron was 63.5% and in this group period of potential iron deficiency appeared high in incidence just before move to anemia. A group represented positive response was 38.5% in fungus study for Candida albicans. Since we can expect high treatment response by prescription of iron-contained drug and antifungal drug in these patients, diagnosing patients' condition of BMS can be achieved in more various aspects through study for serum iron and Candida albicans. Furthermore, it is expected that treatment protocol can be made.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.80
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• pp.167-192
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• 2016

This study examined the social trauma experienced by direct victims of accidents and each member of the society affected by grand-scale disasters based on the concepts of collective unconsciousness, archetype, and individuation from Jung's analytical psychology, and their experience of therapy through media. For this purpose, the survivors of the disaster of Sewol that occurred on April 16, 2014, family of the deceased, psychological professionals, and general volunteers were selected as the subjects for one-on-one in-depth interviews and focus group interviews. The findings can be summarized as follows: first, the subjects are suffering from different forms of social trauma such as seclusion and anxiety due to primary/secondary incidents, but there is possibility for them to overcome the social trauma as a social community. Second, the archetypes of life and death, mourning and remembrance are showing in the subjects' everyday lives. In particular, it was found that various archetypes are appearing symbolically through the craft activities in which the survivors are participating most actively. Third, the media therapy program for the victims of the Sewol has limitations in various aspects. However, the fact that the craft activities that are not bound by time and space are highly effective manifests that anyone can take advantage of trauma therapy through digital media that are easily found around them. Finally, this study is significant as it verified the possible individuation of social trauma and identified the limitations of media therapy to suggest its development directions.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.183-195
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• 2018

Objectives: To investigate validity and effectiveness of Saam five element acupuncture treatment in psychological problems. Methods: We selected a Korean medicine doctor known to apply Saam five element acupuncture treatment to the psychiatry field. An investigator visited the doctor's clinic to observe the cases and interview patients. Duration of each interview was 30 minutes to one hour. A semi-structured questionnaire was used for in-depth interviews. All interviews were recorded and converted into texts. Converted texts were then summarized and analyzed qualitatively. Results and Discussion: Treatment process of Saam five element acupuncture designed for psychiatric use is divided into four stages: qi transformation (氣化), acupuncture treatment, deep breathing, and acupressure. In the first stage, patients are asked to express their feelings and emotions in a physical sense; to imagine their feelings have colors, weight, and physical form, and to describe those characteristics. Next, the doctor evaluates each patient's qi according to the six qi (六氣), and then determines protocol of Saam five element acupuncture treatment. This treatment is focused on suffering of the patient and specific symptoms or emotions. The treatment duration is brief and changes in symptoms are frequently checked during treatment sessions. Without discussing details of stressful events, the doctor enables patients to express physical aspects of their feelings. He also provides them with psychoeducational resources. As a result, patients experienced immediate changes in body sensation, emotions and thinking, decreased response to triggers, and increased self-control after treatment. Conclusions: The Saam five element acupuncture treatment has the potential to be used as a treatment for psychiatric disorders. Treatment can be effective in managing psychiatric disorders when applied by primary Korean medicine clinics.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.317-324
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• 2020

This study examined the relationship between organizational justice, intragroup trust, organizational commitment and Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Hospital Administrative Staff(OCB of HAS) and investigated convergence effects of these factors on OCB. The subjects were randomly selected 274 HAS from 22 hospitals randomly selected in J area. The data were collected from July 1 to July 31, 2019 for about a month, and the structured self-administered questionaries was used for the data survey. OCB was positively correlated with organizational justice, intragroup trust and organizational commitment. As a result of covariance structure analysis, it was found that the higher organizational justice, intragroup trust, and organizational commitment, the higher OCB. The results of the analysis showed that in order to increase the OCB of HAS, it was necessary to increase organizational justice, intragroup trust, and organizational commitment. The results of the survey are expected to be used as basic data for hospital human resource management, which enhances OCB of HAS, and health education in the emotional and psychological aspects of HAS. In the future study, it is necessary to investigate various factors affecting OCB of HAS.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.259-269
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• 2014

Purpose: This preliminary study is aimed at developing standardized tools for psycho-social assessment of patients in needs for hospice/palliative care. To accomplish the purpose, investigators examined effects of perceptions of social workers on the importance of psycho-social domains of assessment in hospice/palliative care settings. Moreover, investigators paid attention to variances of perceptions of social workers' along with types of institution and credentials of those family settings. Methods: A form of questionnaire was first explored from an initial interview assessment of 10 government-certified hospice care providers and a literature review, second constructed with eight domains and 80 items, and sent by e-mail to 55 institutions and hospitals providing hospice/palliative cares in Korea. Lastly, a total of 31 agencies returned with a completed responses and consent form (56% response rate). SPSS program (version 18.0) was used for data analysis. Results: Study found that social workers perceived patients' family background (m=4.53, 5-point scale) as the most important assessment domain, whereas economic conditions (4.06 point) the least important. Social workers' perception varied by credentials (i.e., license types, training, full-time position, types of care facility). Conclusion: Based upon study findings, investigators can conclude strong needs for developing a assessment tool that measures multiple domains (i.e., psychological, social and ecological aspects) of patients. A standardized assessment tool should be structured with 2 axis (center/core and expanded/peripheral) and tailored for institution type. Second, professional trainings must be provided by strengthening legal institutionalization and fostering qualified social workers with full responsibilities of hospice and palliative care patients.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.195-222
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• 2005

This study was a comparative analysis by youth's internet addiction types. Distribution of internet addiction types, relative influence of risk and protective factors in each addiction type, and common and different risk and protective factors among the internet addiction types were investigated. And, the level of youth's mental health and the effect of internet to youth's mental health were identified. A total of 1,830 youth were surveyed, and the findings were as below: Firstly, 62.3% of the surveyed youth were addicted to internet. In detail, 15.9% had internet game addiction and 10.9% had internet sex addiction. Secondly, in all types of internet addiction, the risk factors gave severer influence than the protective factors did, and the protective factors gave compensation effect to each type of addiction. Thirdly, among the internet addiction types, the common risk factors were depression, aggression, parents' control, and friends' influence, while the protective factor was self control. Among the internet addiction types, a different risk factor was PC access, and the different protective factors included self-efficacy, teacher's support, friend's support, and parents' relationship. Fourthly, in all the three addiction pattern, the addicted adolescents had experienced more psychological symptoms than general internet users had. Finally, in the aspects of psychiatric symptoms, sex addiction gave the worst negative effect, and then game addiction, and internet addiction came in order. And the adolescents who had the higher degree of addiction were more likely to experience psychiatric symptoms.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1-18
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• 1991

The purpose of this study is to find out influential variables related to Home Management Ability of urban home makers. This study focuses on the following aspects; 1) to find out which variables of sociodemographic variables (ie. home maker's age, level of education-husband, wife, job-husband, wife, income, duration of marriage), of psychological variables (ie. degree of resourcefulness recognition, degree of stress recognition, degree of life level recognition) have significant effects on home management ability. 2) to find out which variables of sociodemographic variables have significant effects on degree of resourcefulness recognition, of stress recognition, and of life level recognition. 3) to identify the influence of significant variables related to home management ability. Data was analyzed by frequency. percentage, mean , F-test, t-test, Duncan's multiple range test. regression analysis , path analysis pearson's r. x2-test. Major findings are as follows; 1) The level of education (husband , wife)and occupation of husband were variables to have influences on home management ability. 2) a. The level of education (husband, wife) and income were variable to have influences on degree of resourcefulness recognition. b. The employment of home makers. income, and the form of family were variables to have influences on degree of stress recognition. c. The level of education (husband, wife) occupation of husband , income , and duration of marriage were variables to have influences on degree of life level recognition. 3) There were significant relationships between home management ability and degree of resourcefulness recognition and of stress recognition (r=0.13, r=-0.12, p<.05). a. The higher degree of resourcefulness recognition, the higher home management ability (x2=11.17. df=4. p<.05) b. The higher degree of stress recognition, the lower home n=management ability (x2=14.64. df=4. p<.01) 4) The education level of homemakers (β =0.15) and income (β=0.12) were variables to have indirect influences on home management ability through the medium of the degree of resourcefulness recognition (β =0.13) 5) The employment of home makers (β=-0.17) was a variable to have indirect influence on home management ability through the medium of the degree of stress recognition(β=-0.12) 6) the education level of husband (β=0.16) and income (β=0.32) were variables to have direct influence on degree of life level recognition. 7) The degree of life level recognition (β=0.13) and education level of home makers (β=0.17) were variables to have indirect influences on home management ability through the medium of the degree of resourcefulness recognition (β=0.13) 8)The degree of life level recognition (β=-0.22) the employment of home makers(β=-0.17) and the from of family(β=-0.10) were variables to have indirect influences on home management ability through the medium of the degree of stress recognition.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.141-169
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• 2011

This study compares the business performances and the socioeconomic and sociopsychological characteristics of franchisees and independent business owners (IBOs). On the basis of extant theoretical arguments and empirical evidences it was expected that franchisees are different from IBOs in these aspects because unlike IBOs they are using franchising as their way of businesses and should satisfy the requirements imposed by franchisors. Analyzed in the current study was a national survey database of 424 franchisees and 5,690 IBOs compiled by the Small Enterprise Development Agency in 2011. As expected, it was found that franchisees were significantly different from IBOs in such traits as financial and managerial capabilities, business experiences, demographic and socio-psychological characteristics, information searching efforts, business performances, and their perceptions of business obstacles. It was also found that the effects of these traits on business performances were quite different between franchisees and IBOs. The findings of the current study provide some meaningful suggestions for government agencies. Given that franchises and IBOs have different traits, their demands for governmental policy should be different, and consequently, it might be argued that government agencies should treat the two groups separately and should increase their efforts to develop appropriate supporting policies for each group. With respect to franchisor's practices for franchisee selection, it is also argued that in order to enhance franchisee performances franchisors need to examine thoroughly the traits of prospect franchisees. This study concludes with discussion of several theoretical and methodological limitations for future research.