• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.29 no.1_2
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• pp.293-309
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• 2011

The purpose of this article is to prove strong convergence theorems for weak relatively nonexpansive mapping which is firstly presented in this article. In order to get the strong convergence theorems for weak relatively nonexpansive mapping, the monotone CQ iteration method is presented and is used to approximate the fixed point of weak relatively nonexpansive mapping, therefore this article apply above results to prove the strong convergence theorems of zero point for maximal monotone operators in Banach spaces. Noting that, the CQ iteration method can be used for relatively nonexpansive mapping but it can not be used for weak relatively nonexpansive mapping. However, the monotone CQ method can be used for weak relatively nonexpansive mapping. The results of this paper modify and improve the results of S.Matsushita and W.Takahashi, and some others.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.583-607
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• 2010

The purpose of this paper is to prove strong convergence theorems for common fixed points of two families of weak relatively nonexpansive mappings and a family of equilibrium problems by a new monotone hybrid method in Banach spaces. Because the hybrid method presented in this paper is monotone, so that the method of the proof is different from the original one. We shall give an example which is weak relatively nonexpansive mapping but not relatively nonexpansive mapping in Banach space $l^2$. Our results improve and extend the corresponding results announced in [W. Takahashi and K. Zembayashi, Strong convergence theorem by a new hybrid method for equilibrium problems and relatively nonexpansive mappings, Fixed Point Theory Appl. (2008), Article ID 528476, 11 pages; doi:10.1155/2008/528476] and [Y. Su, Z. Wang, and H. Xu, Strong convergence theorems for a common fixed point of two hemi-relatively nonexpansive mappings, Nonlinear Anal. 71 (2009), no. 11, 5616?5628] and some other papers.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.171-177
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• 2012

The computer program (EPR-NMR program version 6.2) employed here sets up the spin Hamiltonian matrices and determines their eigenvalues using exact diagonalization. We study the electron spin resonance for $Mn^{2+}$ in ferroelectric $LiNbO_3$ single crystals. The self-energy is obtained using the projection operator method developed by Argyres and Sigel. The self-energy is calculated to be axially symmetric about the by the spin Hamiltonian. The line-widths decreased as the temperature increased; we assume that the hyperfine structure transition is a more dominant scattering than the other transitions. We conclude that the calculation process presented in this study is useful for quantum optical transitions.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.09a
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• pp.755-758
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• 2001

In this paper. Ive propose a postprocessing technique based on the theory of projection on convex sets(POCS) to reduce the blocking artifacts in HDTV decoded images. In BDCT of HDTV. the image is divided into a grid of non-overlapped 8 ${\times}$ 8 blocks. and then each block is coded separately. A block which is located one pixel apart from the grid of BDCT will include the boundary of the original 8 ${\times}$ 8 block. If the blocking artifact is Introduced alone the block boundary. this block will have different frequency characteristic from that of the original block. Thus, a comparison of frequency characteristics of these two overlapping blocks can detect the undesired high-frequency components mainly caused by the blocking artifact. By eliminating these undesired high-frequency components adaptively, robust smoothing projection operator can be obtained. Simulation results with real image sequences indicate that the proposed method performs better than conventional algorithms.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.8C
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• pp.583-590
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• 2008

In this paper, we present a spatially adaptive post-processing algorithm for H.264 video coding standard to remove blocking artifacts. The loop filter of H.264 increases computational complexity of the encoder. Furthermore it doesn't clearly remove the blocking artifacts, resulting in over-blurring. For overcoming them, we combine the projection method with the Constraint Least Squares(CLS) method to restore the high quality image. To reflect the Human Visual System, we adopt the weight norm CLS method. Particularly pixel location-based local variance and laplacian operator are newly defined for the CLS method. In addition, the fact that correlation among adjoining pixels is high is utilized to constrain the solution space when the projection method is applied. Quantization Index(QP) of H.264 is also used to control the degree of smoothness. The simulation results show that the proposed post-processing filter works better than the loop filter of H.264 and converges more quickly than the CLS method.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1990.10b
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• pp.1150-1155
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• 1990

This paper proposes an optimal redundancy resolution of a kinematically redundant manipulator while considering homotopy classes. The necessary condition derived by minimizing an integral cost criterion results in a second-order differential equation. Also boundary conditions as well as the necessary condition are required to uniquely specify the solution. In the case of a cyclic task, we reformulate the periodic boundary value problem as a two point boundary value problem to find an initial joint velocity as many dimensions as the degrees of redundancy for given initial configuration. Initial conditions which provide desirable solutions are obtained by using the basis of the null projection operator. Finally, we show that the method can be used as a topological lifting method of nonhomotopic extremal solutions and also show the optimal solution with considering the manipulator dynamics.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1993.10a
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• pp.864-869
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• 1993

This paper presents the problem of automatically recognizing embossed or molded characters which are raised from the side wall on rubber tire. In the tire image objects have approximately the same gray-value as the background and because of the tire geometry, illumination of the surface is nonhomogenous. Therefore it is difficult to recognize the raised tire character. In this paper, for describing the process of processing three steps have been proposed: 1) MIN & MAX smoothing operation filter, 2) edge detection algorithm using modified laplacian operator, 3) noise rejection. Afterwards, segmentation is done to attain characters from tire image by projection method. The recognition of the characters in the segmented image is carried out by using multilayered neural network, which is insensitive to the noise.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.212-219
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• 2004

This paper presents the visualization method of the KAIST interactive bicycle simulator. The simulator consists of two bicycles of 6 DOF and 4 DOF platforms, force feedback handlebars and pedal resistance systems to generate motion feelings; a real-time visual simulator, a HMD and a beam projection system; and a 3D sound system. The system has an integrating control network with the server-client network structure for multiple simulators. The visual simulator generates dynamic images in real-time while communicating with other modules of the simulator. The operator of the simulator can have realistic visual experience of riding on a velodrome or through the KAIST campus, while being able to watch the other bicycle with an avatar.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.291-299
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• 1981

A test particle kinetic theory for reaction dynamics in liquids is presented at the repeated ring collision level for the hard sphere model. A kinetic equation for the equilibrium time correlation function of the reactive test particle phase space density is derived and the rate kernel expression for the reversible chemical reaction of the type A +B ${\rightleftharpoons$ C + D in the presence of inert solvent S is obtained by the projection operator method.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.439-443
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• 2011

Using the projection operator technique, a reduced density matrix theory for linear absorption spectrum of energy transfer systems is developed for the theoretical absorption line shape of the systems with non-Condon transitions. As an application, we considered a model system of OH vibrations of water. In the present model calculation, the OH vibration modes are coupled to each other via intra-molecular coupling mechanism while their intermolecular couplings are turned off. The time-correlation functions appearing in the formulation are calculated from a mixed quantum/classical mechanics method. The present theory is successful in reproducing the exact absorption line shape. Also the present theory was improved from an existing approximate theory, time-averaged approximation approach.