• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.193-203
• /
• 2013

The social welfare service is expanding to different field as the social welfare budget is increasing. By this opportunity, it needs to make clear of the basis of argument that the necessity of development of korean government's support and aid by social policy should be worked. Welfare economics perspective, this study used by the operating expenditure in welfare facilities for the elderly old people to effect social benefits to be gained, in other words, business value analysis. Local elderly people, provide opportunities to participate in the economic activities of the family welfare services offered to attainment of the elderly welfare policy, and provide disease prevention and health promotion opportunities, to enhance the satisfaction of life, including a wide range of impact will cause. In this study, elderly people use the welfare facilities for the elderly when they get the benefits by applying the AHP analysis techniques operating value was calculated. Elderly Welfare Center operated by the result of applying P senior welfare center Case of the metropolitan area value was estimated 248.4 billion won. Contribute to the effects caused by the cost factor of the analysis was 23.1% of the total 57.3 billion won. Independence elements 57.6 billion (23.2%), the analysis of the therapeutic elements 133.4 billion (53.7%) of the net was. The result of the study anticipates the role of basic research material for the necessity of intervention, support, and aid by the Welfare facilities for the elderly field at this point in time where the welfare budget policy in terms of universal social service is reinforced, rather than the trend, until recently, of realizing the Elderly welfare budget and service as Consumption expenditure and consumable benefits and the function of performing the effect and evaluation in tentative action of social conflict.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.127-152
• /
• 2017

China's utility model as a supplement to the invention patent, has short application duration, fast authorized speed, and has the same exclusive rights with patents, so companies can quickly dominate the market. But the utility model does not need to carry out substantive examination, so has lower stability, high frequency of invalid to accepted, so compare with the invention patent, difficult to be protected. In order to actively encourage the small and medium-sized enterprises to promote their inventions, and protect domestic patents, China established a protection policy of patent evaluation report for the utility model rights, especially the patent evaluation report can be used as evidence in a patent infringement trial, to provide judicial remedies for utility model patentee and the party of patent disputes. Many experts believe that the establishment of patent evaluation report system can improve the stability of the utility model patent right, and when the defendant request for invalidation of the patent right in the defense period, if there is no novelty, creativity lost or no other reason has not led to the stability of patent right given in a patent evaluation report of the utility model patents, the court may not suspend the trial, without having to wait for the Patent Reexamination Board makes the patent invalid declaration decisions, can improve the efficiency of the judicial process, accelerate the patentee's time. However, in practical patent infringement, the patent evaluation report system and invalidation system are in conflict. In this paper, through the analysis of the current China utility model system and compared with the South Korean utility model system, review the role and character of the patent evaluation report system, and through the actual cases of the utility model patent infringement litigation, analysis possible variates from the decision of patent evaluation report, to find out the reason of the patent evaluation report system being in conflict with the invalidation system, and research on the effectiveness for protecting Utility Model with China's Patent Evaluation Report.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.97-129
• /
• 2008

We are living in the time of high probability of technological risk due to increased rate of technology development and diffusion of new technologies. Resolving uncertainties, the basic attribution of risk, by accumulating knowledge over the risk factors of certain technology is critical to management of technological risk. In many cases of technological risks, high uncertainty of knowledge is commonly mentioned reason for public controversies on risk management. However, the type of technological risk with low social agreement and low uncertainty of knowledge, the main reason for public controversy is absence of social agreement. Public debates on the risks of mobile phones electromagnetic fields(EMF) to human health comes under this category. The knowledge uncertainty on human health effect of mobile phones EMF has been lowered increasingly by accumulating enormous volume of knowledge though scientists have not reached a final conclusion whether it pose a risk to the physical and mental health of the general population or not. In contrast with civil organizations calling for precautionary approach based regulation, the mobile phone industry is cling to the position of no-regulation-needed by arguing no clear evidence to prove health risks of mobile phone EMF has found. In Korea, government set exposure standards based on a measurement called the 'specific absorption rate'(SAR) and require the mobile phone industry to open SAR information to the public by their own decision. From the view of pro-regulation side based on precautionary approach, technology risk managament of mobile phones EMF in Korea is highly limited and formalized one with limited measuring of SAR on head part only and problematic self-regulated opening of information about SAR to the public. As far as the government keeps having priority on protecting interest of mobile phone industry over precautionary regulation of mobile phones EMF, the disagreement between civil organizations and the government will not resolved. The risk of mobile phones EMF to human health have high probability of being underestimated in the rate and damage of risk than objectively estimated ones due to familiarity of mobile phone technology. And this can be the cause of destructive social dispute or devastating disaster. To prevent such disastrous results, technology risk management, which integrating the goals of safety with economic growth in public policy and designing and promoting risk communication, is required.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.779-788
• /
• 2014

This study, as a case where the environmental conflict and dispute arose between the use and the conservation as in the other protected areas in Korea, took the first step to build ecological citizenship to solve various and complicated issues in a fundamental level by providing a basic information on differentiated environmental perceptions of the locality and the visitors of Seoraksan National Park. The questionnaire survey was employed on September 6th and 7th with 150 residents of the park area and 200 visitors of Osaek-Daechungbong trail. Total number of 13 survey questions was introduced using Dunlap and Liere's NEP index. The result shows that the perception of 'balance of nature' was more dominant to the perception of 'humans over nature' and the perception to the 'limits to growth' was also somewhat positive in both groups. The differences in environmental perceptions between the groups exist; the visitor group tended to have more positive level of acceptance of NEP views. Such differences in perceptions suggest that a different normative approach should be taken to the residents of the national park with less pro-environment in their perceptions when policy making. It thus seemed possible that ecological citizenship could be realized since the younger and the higher education level are, the more pro-environment. The findings of the research may cause some concerns however, because the study has been confined as a case study with basic understanding of environmental perceptions and its differences between the interest groups. More extensive research is required to confirm if this is generalized.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.385-390
• /
• 2013

The meaning of things appeared in the frame vary according to how they look in a shot. Especially, position of frame shows how a form becomes a content in quality. This has a large impact on communication with audiences, reminds them a special feeling or atmosphere toward an object and plays a suggestive role for things that shows up. Thus, this study aimed to investigate how symbolisms appeared in the frame position are shown in the relation among characters' narrative, personality and conflict and understand correlation between frame position and characters accordingly. As an object to be analyzed, this study selected which was played with narratives of couples with different personalities. The results of analysis shows that it is deeply associated with couples' narrative, which means that trauma or the severance of relations between a couple is shown on left side, whereas a positive and future-oriented couple was mainly shown on right side and the rate of being situated in the center turned out to be high according to the power relations of love. Based on the comparison between symbolism appeared according to the frame position and narratives and traumas that various characters have, this study found that frame position is playing an important role in composing characters' personality.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.529-552
• /
• 2015

This study aims to analyze the placeness of Gwangju Art Street and the changing process of the street, looked through the experiences of life subjects living in this street. For this purpose, at first, history before art street was designated was traced by reviewing geographical characteristics and spatial transformation of the Art Street with the trend of Gwangju art scene and economic political situation. And then, in order to analyze the placeness of Gwangju Art Street, formation factors of placeness are extracted into physical element, behavior element and semantic element. Physical element and behavior element were analyzed through in-depth interview and data analysis for individual and microscopic historical process of life subjects being experienced in the street that is contrary to policy and plan. Finally, a semantic element was identified through questionnaire as to how people recognize current art street through a history being experienced as a venue of conflict of meaning. It is implied that bottom up place making policies that may connect context of the formation of placeness with the viewpoint of life subject in the Art Street is required to be presented now.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.63 no.3
• /
• pp.109-131
• /
• 2011

This qualitative study aimed to explore and understand the impacts of the poor neighborhood on children from their own perspectives. To this end, the meaning and the structure of children's lived experiences were explored. The participants were recruited from elementary school high grade students living in poor neighborhood. Focused group interviews were conducted in each of the 24 World Visions social work agencies. The collected data were analysed qualitatively. According to the results, the following main themes could be extracted from the children's lived experiences: "Conflict between connection and differentiation", "Resigning to the fate of being neglected in danger" "Learning to live in the dark cave", "Anticipating a bowl of trust from the neighborhood". The children living in poor neighborhood were threatened by the physical and emotional danger highly probable in weak social infrastructure. Also, they have internalized negative self-identity by chaotic environment and, even the negative role models from alcoholic and sometimes violent adults. However, they were experiencing positive caring from and solidarity with surrounding neighborhood, and were participating in volunteered activities for asserting their citizen rights. These may be the keys to empowerment and, ultimately, to change for themselves and the community. The implications of the study results for the policy making and the actual practice were discussed focusing on the children's rights and well-being.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.21-37
• /
• 2018

The purposes of this study were to examine the influence of the self-identity, parenting style, peer attachment, and relationship with teacher on career identity, and to verify if self- identity shows the moderating effect in the relationship among the parenting style, peer attachment, relationship with teacher, and career identity of middle school students. The data of 3rd-year middle school students, from the 1st grade panel of 'Korea Children And Youth Panel Survey(KCYPS)' by National Youth Policy Institute, was used as the analysis data. The program which was used for the analysis was SPSS ver 22.0 for descriptive, Cronbach's α, and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study are as follows. First, it was revealed that the most influential variable for career identity was self identity, followed by peer attachment, while relationship with teacher is least influential. Parenting style did not have a direct effect on career identity. Second, it was revealed that self-identity had a moderating effect when the interaction between parenting style and the self-identity, and the interaction between relationship with teacher and the self-identity were injected. Therefore, if the education related to the self-identity is conducted continuously in the home economics subject, the conflict and anxiety on the career problem of middle school students will be reduced and the career identity will be developed more effectively.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.13 no.11
• /
• pp.561-569
• /
• 2015

This study looks into the level of anxiety that middle school students have about PE class, dividing the classes into coed class and single-sex class and aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of differences in sub-factors of the anxiety. Subjects of the study were 554 students in randomly selected six middle schools located in Gyeonggi-do. To figure out the relationships among the sub-factors of the anxiety according to class, grade, academic record and the level of physical strength, a Multivariate Analysis of Variance model was set up and analysis was conducted. The results obtained through the research are as follows. First, it was predicted that the level of anxiety about PE class in middle school would have a great impact on the factor, 'punishment' by class (coed and single-sex). Second, it was predicted that the level of anxiety about PE class in middle school would have a great impact on the factors, 'anxiety about the event of sports' and 'conflict during class' by grade. Third, it was found that there was no difference in the level of anxiety about PE class that middle school students had according to their academic record in PE. Fourth, it was predicted that the level of anxiety about PE class in middle school would have a great impact on the factor of 'anxiety about the event of sports' by the level of physical strength.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.13 no.8
• /
• pp.357-368
• /
• 2015

This cross-sectional study was performed to offer radiographer who registered to the Korean Association of Radiographers as a basic material promote job satisfaction and lower job stress. A total of 213 radiographer were surveyed using a self-administered questionnaire. The 105 questionnaires consist of general characteristics, job characteristics, job stress, and job satisfaction. The job satisfaction was categorized into 3 sub-scales; psychological variables, environmental variables, and structural variables. The job stress insufficient job control, interpersonal conflict, job insecurity, organizational system, lack of reward, and occupational climate. Job satisfaction in psychological variables of radiographer was higher in the radiographers who have a high level of education, work in seoul,have a high sense of mission, don't have job leaving attitude, have a lower job insecurity. Job satisfaction in environmental variables of radiographer was higher in the radiographers who get lower salary. Job satisfaction in structural variables of radiographer was higher in the radiographers who have a high sense of mission, don't have job leaving attitude, have a lower organizational system, lack of reward, and occupational climate. Job satisfaction of radiographer was higher in th radiographers who don't have job leaving attitude, have a high sense of mission, have a lower lack of reward, and occupational climate.