• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.113-127
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the efficiency of 90 domestic passenger shipping routes using the DEA Window model as a Decision Making Unit (DMU). Data from 2015 to 2019 are divided into three windows, and efficiency was analyzed by using the number of passenger ships of sails, gross tonnage and distance traveled as input variables and transportation performance of the general public and islanders as output variables. As a result of the analysis, improvements are derived and presented for routes with low relative efficiency. In particular, the efficiency is evaluated for general routes operated by private operators as profit routes and auxiliary routes supported by the government as non-profit routes. In addition, scale efficiency (SE) is derived by using the technical efficiency (TE) of the CCR model and the pure technical efficiency (PTE) values of the BCC model. It is found that the inefficiency of the route was due to pure technical efficiency (PTE) rather than scale efficiency (SE). It will be necessary to consider the improvements for each route shown in the analysis results of this study when establishing the policy for the domestic passenger shipping route.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.47-55
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• 2021

Firstly, our Technical and Vocational Education and Training(TVET) ODA currently uses 70% of its budget on short-term assistance project works without much consideration for continuity from one project to another. Secondly, TVET ODA budget is much too concentrated on hardware support, lowering impact compared to the amount invested. Lastly, there is a lack of research on the needs of recipient nation which leads to lowering effectiveness of TVET ODA. This Study analyzed the characteristics of Korea's TVET ODA through the statistical data analysis of ODA. This study's main focus is to recommend methods for Korean colleges to overcome tendencies and limitations of TVET within Korea's ODA. Colleges have advantages in training students to fit needs of the market and companies based on decades of experience colleges have on academic-industrial collaboration. Colleges can also transfer qualification verification systems to fit the recipient country and dispatch TVET related personnel to strengthen software support. Additionally, the post project evaluation and post job placement management capabilities of colleges can be actively used for post management of TVET projects. I hope that through this study, ways to increase participation of colleges in TVET ODA can be discussed in more variety.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.499-509
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• 2022

This study was conducted to understand the effect of health assessment practical education on class participation, problem-solving process, academic self-efficacy, and academic achievement of nursing students. This study used a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The participants were 69 nursing university students located in C city. Data were collected on two separate occasions before and after the application of the program from February 2021 to July 2021. Data were analyzed by chi-square test, independent t-test, and ANCOVA using SPSS WIN 23.0. There were significant differences in class participation(F=15.003, p<.001), academic self-efficacy(F=13.288, p=.001) and academic achievement(F=19.755, p<.001) between the experimental group and the control group. In the problem-solving process, the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group in decision-making(F=6.948, p=.010), applying the solution(F=6.232, p=.015) and evaluation-reflection(F=5.364, p=.024). It is necessary to expand case-based learning to increase the problem-solving process, class participation, academic self-efficacy, and academic achievement of nursing students.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.26-42
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• 2022

In order to evaluate the usefulness of metaverse learning from the learner's point of view, this study 1) evaluated whether the expectancy-value of the class was satisfied before and after the learner used the metaverse learning platform and 2) verified factors affecting metaverse learning satisfaction with regard to the self-efficacy and expectancy-value of learners. Expectancy-value was evaluated by the learning effect, communication, class involvement, and learning attitude, whereas self-efficacy was evaluated by preference for task difficulty, self-regulation efficacy, and self-confidence. As a result of a study targeting 70 college students who applied for a few courses using the metaverse platform at a university in the northeastern part of Seoul, learners were found to have high expectations and values for learning before using the metaverse platform, but both were not statistically satisfied after use. In addition, the higher the self-efficacy of the learner, the higher the satisfaction with the metaverse learning, and statistically significant results were found in the task-difficulty preference and self-regulatory efficacy among the sub-factors of self-efficacy. There is a negative causal relationship between expectancy-value factors and satisfaction with metaverse learning. This study implies that it is a learner-centered evaluation of metaverse learning, revealing the expectancy-value effect and factors influencing the satisfaction with metaverse learning.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.51-64
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• 2022

Along with the urbanization, the risk of urban flooding due to climate change is increasing. Flood regulation, one of the ecosystem services, is implemented in the different level of function of flood risk mitigation by the type of ecosystem such as forests, arable land, wetlands etc. Land use changes due to development pressures have become an important factor in increasing the vulnerability by flash flood. This study has conducted evaluating the urban flood regulation service using InVEST UFRM(Urban Flood Risk Model). As a result of the simulation, the potential water retention by ecosystem type in the event of a flash flood according to RCP 4.5(10 year frequency) scenario was 1,569,611 tons in urbanized/dried areas, 907,706 tons in agricultural areas, 1,496,105 tons in forested areas, 831,705 tons in grasslands, 1,021,742 tons in wetlands, and 206,709 tons in bare areas, the water bodies was estimated to be 38,087 tons. In the case of more severe 100-year rainfall, 1,808,376 tons in urbanized/dried areas, 1,172,505 tons in agricultural areas, 2,076,019 tons in forests, 1,021,742 tons in grasslands, 47,603 tons in wetlands, 238,363 tons in bare lands, and 52,985 tons in water bodies. The potential economic damage from flood runoff(100 years frequency) is 122,512,524 thousand won in residential areas, 512,382,410 thousand won in commercial areas, 50,414,646 thousand won in industrial areas, 2,927,508 thousand won in Infrastructure(road), 8,907 thousand won in agriculture, Total of assuming a runoff of 50 mm(100 year frequency) was estimated at 688,245,997 thousand won. In a conclusion. these results provided an overview of ecosystem functions and services in terms of flood control, and indirectly demonstrated the possibility of using the model as a tool for policy decision-making. Nevertheless, in future research, related issues such as application of models according to various spatial scales, verification of difference in result values due to differences in spatial resolution, improvement of CN(Curved Number) suitable for the research site conditions based on actual data, and development of flood damage factors suitable for domestic condition for the calculation of economic loss.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.55 no.11
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• pp.941-953
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• 2022

In this study, monthly water use data were collected for 5 years from the 65 local governments included in the Han-river basin and a typical water usage ratios and patterns were calculated. The difference in water shortage was compared by considering the water usage patterns using the water balance and budget analysis model (MODSIM) and data base. As a result, it was confirmed that the change occurred in the range of -3.120% to +4.322% compared to the monthly constant ratio by period. In addition, when applying the patterns in the water balance model, 17 of the 28 middle watershed showed changes in the quantity of water shortage and the domestic and industrial water shortage would decrease about 8.0% during the maximum drought period. If it is applied in conjunction with predictive research on water usage patterns reflecting climate change, social and regional characteristics in the future, it will be possible to establish a more realistic water supply forecasts and a reliable national water resources plan.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.153-166
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate a dietary education program to improve the caring ability and multicultural acceptance of middle school students. Based on the instructional system design of ADDIE model, the dietary education program was developed to contain five sessions including four theoretical lectures and one lab session. Visual thinking technique was used to train students to express their thoughts and emotion by writing and drawing. The dietary education program was conducted for four weeks (from November 19 to December 14, 2018) at a middle school located in Seoul on a total of 69 middle school students, out of which 34 were assigned to an experimental group and 35 were assigned to a control group. Separate paired t-test were conducted for the experimental group and the control group, respectively, to determine the changes in caring ability and multicultural acceptance scores before and after the dietary education. There were significant increases in caring ability (dietary-, emotional-, behavioral- and cognitive caring) and multicultural acceptance (diversity, relationship and universality) scores among the experimental group after the dietary program. However, no differences were observed among the control group. The results indicate that the dietary education program can be an effective tool to improve caring ability and multicultural acceptance of middle school students.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.103-116
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• 2022

The South Korean Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport designated seven automated driving test beds required to evaluate vehicle performance every year for the expansion of mobility services based on automated driving. As a fundamental study, we suggested a necessary example of evaluating the performance with a satisfaction survey for the services before the evaluation. First, we surveyed the perception of automated driving services of users and the public in Sejong-si, South Korea. The survey showed that the users had a higher level of awareness of automated driving technology and intention to use it than the public. Second, the satisfaction survey was conducted on demand-responsive public transportation and automated driving service users. Notably, using the Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test, among the non-parametric statistical analysis methods, we found that safety-related factors affected the overall satisfaction of users of automated driving services. On the other hand, in the case of the demand-responsive public transportation service users, factors related to service convenience affected overall satisfaction. Hence, the results of these surveys are expected to be used as basic data and guidelines to improve the quality of automated driving services and policy establishment.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.218-227
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• 2023

Background: Since 2019, the Ministry of Environment has implemented a seasonal fine dust management system from December to March, targeting high PM_2.5 levels with the aim of reducing PM_2.5 concentrations and protecting public health. The focus of improving the seasonal management system lies in the atmospheric PM_2.5 levels. Considering the primary goal of protecting public health, it is necessary to analyze the policy effects from an exposure perspective rather than a concentration-based approach. Objectives: This study aims to quantitatively assess the improvement of indoor PM_2.5 levels and the health impacts of the seasonal management system by comparing the periods before and during its implementation in residential environments. Methods: PM_2.5 concentrations within residential environments in a metropolitan area were measured using an optical particle counter (IAQ-C7, K-weather, Ltd, Korea) at one-minute intervals during the pre-implementation period (November 21~25, 2022) and during the implementation period (December 19~23, 2022). Based on the measured PM_2.5 concentrations, a quantitative evaluation of cancer and mortality risks was conducted according to age and gender. Results: The results of comparing indoor and outdoor PM_2.5 concentrations before and during the implementation of the seasonal management system showed a decrease of approximately 56.6% and 47.9%, respectively. Health risk assessments revealed that both the safety-limit-based and safety-target-based Hazard Quotients (HQ) exceeded the threshold of 0.1 for children under 19 years of age, both before and after the implementation. The mortality risk decreased by approximately 47.9% after the implementation, with children aged 0-9 showing the highest mortality risk at 0.9%. Conclusions: The findings of this study confirmed the positive health impacts of the seasonal management system across all age groups, particularly children under 19 who are more vulnerable to fine dust exposure.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.12-21
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• 2023

Green remodeling proposed in the Korean New Deal is a project to build or remodel eco-friendly and energy-efficient buildings using renewable energy facilities and high-performance insulation for public buildings. The government intends to achieve the carbon emission reduction target by conducting green remodeling. Major overseas cities that conduct green remodeling are actively promoting technology support and promotion along with energy performance evaluation according to building characteristics, subsidies for private revitalization, and tax benefits. With this background, the analysis of the current status and problems of the green remodeling project was performed and the Activation factors of Green Remodeling were derived from survey results. This study suggested strategic measures such as a participation of civil society, promotion, and priority selection of administration and policy measures such as a leading role of the public sector, expanding support for the socially underprivileged, and financial support and tax benefits. And this study results are expected to be utilized as basic data to promote the green remodeling project.