• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.165-177
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• 2015

Objectives: Based on individual and environmental characteristics of low-income children, we developed a nutrition education program for school-aged children from low-income families according to effective use in social welfare centers. Methods: We conducted in-depth group interviews to assess program needs in 28 participants, 10 low-income school-aged children and 9 of their care givers, 9 social workers and 9 care-givers. Theoretical backgrounds of our program were heath belief model and social cognitive theory considering motivation, action and environment characteristics. Results: Based on the findings of this qualitative study, we developed major program themes and contents. Five selected key themes were 'balanced diet', 'processed food', 'food hygiene and safety', 'Korean healthy traditional diet', and 'family cooking' to induce changes in dietary behaviors. Main findings of in-depth group interviews included 'child's active participation', 'simple and easy to understand messages', and 'environmental constraints' such as a lack of child care at home, limited budget of social welfare centers, and less qualified educators for nutrition and health. Each lesson was constructed as a 1-hour program particularly emphasizing activity-based programs, including cooking and teamwork exercises. Program contents in each session consisted of activities that could induce outcome and value expectations, self-efficacy, perceived benefits, and barriers and cues to actions regarding diet behavior. Conclusions: We developed a nutrition education programthat is rarely available for low-income children in Korea, considering theoretical bases. Further studies are needed to validate our program.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.125-135
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• 2000

Hypertension is a well-known degenerative disease whose prevalence rate increases with age. Management of high blood pressure is a critical concern in preventive strategies to reduce the morbidity and mortality for cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to examine the dietary characteristics of hypertensive program participants, and to establish strategies based on their nutritional needs. Hypertensive patients were enrolled in the program in a public health center or in a local elderly center, at Suwon, in 1999-2000. Trained dietitians interviewed 62 enrollees(24-hour recall) and related variables. Mean body mass index of the subjects was 25.0kg/m². 30.7% of the subjects had a family history of hypertension. The majority of them ate regularly and partook of all available side dishes. They consumed grains and vegetables regularly, but seldom ate dairy products or food prepared with oil. Male enrollees frequently consumed more processed food and animal fat than did female enrollees(p<0.05). An analysis of the percentage of RDA(Recommended Dietary Allowances of Korea 1995) showed that but for ascorbic acid, enrollees consumed nutrients below the RDA. The food group intake pattern was not diverse, thus only 8.1% of enrollees consumed all food groups in a day. An analysis of eating attitude showed that 64.5% of enrollees always added salt to beef soup. Male enrollees showed low food-related self-efficacy compared to female enrollees, especially with reference to reduction of instant food intake(p<0.01), increase in vegetable intake(p<0.01), reduction of monosodium glutamate(MSG) intake(p<0.01). and not overeating(p<0.05). Their perceived barriers for participating in hypertension nutrition programs included lack of time, program necessity non-recognition, and program comprehension difficulty. These results suggest that nutrition education program necessity non-recognition, and program comprehension difficulty. These results suggest that nutrition education programs for community hypertensive patients should focus on increasing participant consumption of foods, expecially dairy products, and desirable eating attitudes. It also suggests that the program should consider should consider encouraging self-efficacy in changing eating behavior.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.314-327
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• 2011

중 고등학교 현장 과학 교사들의 과학 창의적 문제 해결 능력에 대한 인식을 알아보기 위해 설문 조사를 실시하였다. 조사 결과 현장의 과학 교사들은 과학에서의 창의적 문제 해결 능력 신장을 위한 교육의 중요성은 인식하고 있으나 실제 수업에서는 많이 적용하지 못하고 있으며 수업에 도입하는 것을 어렵게 느끼고 있었다. 이는 교사들이 창의적 문제 해결 능력을 창의성에 초점을 맞추어 이해하고 있기 때문에 창의성 교육에 대한 부담감이 창의적 문제 해결 능력 신장을 위한 교육에 대한 부담감으로 나타나고 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 교사들은 경쟁 위주의 대학 입시제도와 학력 중심의 사회 분위기와 함께 다양한 수준의 학생들로 구성된 학급 상황과 과학 개념 위주의 교과 내용 구성, 부적절한 학교 교육 과정 등을 학교 현장에서 창의적 문제 해결 능력 신장을 위한 교육이 제대로 실행되는데 장애가 되는 요인으로 꼽고 있었다. 그리고 창의적 문제 해결 능력 신장 교육을 위하여 학급당 인원수 감축과 사회적 인식 변화와 함께 적절한 교수 전략의 개발과 교수-학습 방법에 대한 정보 제공, 타당하고 신뢰할 수 있는 평가 방법의 개발 등이 시급하다고 생각하고 있었다. 그러나 이러한 장애 요인들과 시급한 조건들이 산재해 있음에도 불구하고 대다수의 현장 과학 교사들은 창의적 문제 해결 능력 신장을 위한 교육이 초등학교 저학년에서부터 가능하다고 보고 있으며 초등학교 고학년과 중학교에서 창의적 문제 해결 능력 신장을 위한 교육이 적절하다고 생각하고 있었다. 그러므로 중 고등학교 현장에서 창의적 문제 해결 능력 신장을 위한 교육이 실효성 있게 이루어지기 위해서는 교사와 학생 모두 창의적 문제 해결 능력에 대한 의미를 정확히 이해하고, 창의적 문제 해결 능력 신장을 위한 수업의 필요성을 확실하게 인식하는 것이 필요한 것으로 생각된다. 특히 교사들이 학생들의 창의적 문제 해결 능력을 향상시키는데 활용할 수 있는 현장에 적용 가능한 형태의 수업전략의 개발과 보급이 시급한 것으로 판단되며, 동시에 이를 평가할 수 있는 평가 기준과 평가 도구의 개발이 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.118-126
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• 2008

치과공포는 치과의료서비스를 이용하는데 방해요인 중 하나로, 정기구강검진이나 반드시 받아야 하는 치료를 피하게 만들어 구강건강상태를 악화시키며, 많은 치과의료인력에서 환자의 행동을 조절하는데 실패의 원인으로 작용한다. 따라서 치과공포는 구강건강증진과 진료 효율성 측면에서 중요하게 관리되어야 한다. 이에 저자는 만13세 이상 18세 이하인 청소년 총 313명을 대상으로 Dental Fear Survey 척도를 이용하여 치과공포도를 측정하였고, 치과공포와의 관련된 요인 및 이에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. 1. 응답자의 치과공포도는 구강건강상태가 좋은 선진국과 비교할 때 높은 수준이었다. 2. 진료동안 가장 강하게 경험한 생리적 반응은 '근육긴장'이었고, 치과공포를 유발하는 주된 자극요인은 '마취주사기'와 '치아삭제용 드릴'로 나타났다. 3. 치과공포도가 높을수록 치과의료서비스 이용 횟수가 적었고, 정기구강검진을 시행하지 않았으며, 자가 인지한 구강병 증상도 많은 것으로 조사되었다. 4. 치과공포도에 가장 많은 영향을 미치는 요인은 직접통증경험과 치과의사에 대한 신뢰도로 나타났다.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.41-53
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• 2005

본 연구는 중학교 기술$\cdot$가정 교사들이 갖고 있는 식생활 단원의 내용, 내용 적합성, 내용 전개 방식에 대한 인식과 청소년기 식생활의 중요성에 대한 태도, 현행 교과 내용의 변화에 대한 요구도와 이에 영향을 미치는 관련변인에 관하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 식생활 단원의 12가지 주제 중 영양소 종류와 기능, 청소년기 영양, 다섯 가지 식품군에 관한 주제가 내용 충실도와 실생활 반영도 관점에서 높은 만족도를 나타냈으며, 또한 교사들이 이 주제들을 가장 중요한 주제로 인식하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 거의 대부분의 교사들은 현재 교과서의 내용 전개 방식이 나일, 암기식이라고 지적했으며 교사 중심의 강의 위주로 수업을 진행하고 있었다. 교사들은 식생활 단원의 교육 내용이 학생의 적성 및 능력 개발에 도움이 되지 않는다고 생각하는 것으로 나타났으며, 교과 내용 및 전개 방식의 적합성에 대한 인식은 출판사에 따라서 차이가 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 교사들은 개정되는 식생활 교과내용과 내용 전개 방식은 변화되어야 한다는데 동의하였으며, 교사들의 이런 태도에 가장 결정적인 영향을 주는 관련요인은 교과 내용의 적합성으로 판명되었다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.880-891
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to describe nursing decision tasks, their characteristics, and problems associated with decision making. The subjects were 32 nurses who had at least one-year nursing experience and worked on medical-surgical units or intensive care units(ICU). They were asked to describe their decision making experiences in patient care situations and to identify the characteristics of each decisions. They were also asked to describe perceived problems associated with decision making in nursing. The responses on nursing decision tasks and problems were analyzed with content analysis and the decision characteristics were identified by statistical analysis of variance. It was found that there were 16 nursing decisions which are as follows : decisions related to interpreting and selecting appropriate strategies for pain management(6.6%) ; decisions related to providing emotional support (0.7%) ; decisions related to explaining the patient's condition and rationale for procedures(1.1%) ; decisions related to assisting patients to integrate the implications of illness and recovering into their lifestyles(2.9%) ; decisions related to detecting significant changes In patients and selecting appropriate intervention strategies (17.2%) ; decisions related to anticipating problems and selecting preventive measures(4.2%) ; decisions related to identifying emergency situations(0.4%) ; decisions related to effective management of patient crisis until physician assistance becomes available(2.8%) ; decisions related to starting and maintaining intravenous therapy(2.6%) ; decisions related to administering medications(8.1%) ; decisions related to combating the hazards of immobility(7.3%) : decisions related to treating wound management strategies(5.5%) ; decisions related to relieving patient discomfort(13.9) ; decisions related to selecting appropriate strategy according to the changing situation of the patient(18.2%) ; decisions related to selecting the best strategy for patient management(5.3%) ; and decisions related to coordinating, ordering, and meeting the various needs of the patient (3.1%). The nurses reported the fellowing problems in decision making : difficulties due to lack of knowledge and experience (18.6%) ; uncertainty and complexity of decision tasks(15.2%) ; lack of time to make decisions(2.9%) ; personal values which conflict with other staff(15.7%) ; lack of selection autonomy(30.0%) ; and organizational barriers(7.6%). Continuing education programs and decision support systems for frequent nursing decision tasks can be established on the basis of these results. Then decision ability in nurses will increase through the education programs and decision support systems, and then quality of nursing service will be better.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.5287-5295
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• 2015

본 연구는 흡연청소년의 암 예방행위와 관련요인을 규명하기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다. 대상자는 B광역시소재 W병원에서 운영하는 금연학교에 참석 중인 흡연 청소년 200명으로, 자료수집기간은 2012년 9월 1일부터 2013년 3월 31까지였다. 연구결과, 대상자의 암 예방행위 정도는 학년, 종교, 유익성, 장애성, 건강상태, 일상생활, 음주, 운동, 니코틴의존도, 흡연시작 나이, 흡연기간 및 금연의도에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었다. 암 예방행위 정도는 암에 대한 지식(r=-.166, p<.05)과 미약한 음의 상관관계를, 태도(r=.212, p<.01)와는 미약한 양의 상관관계를 나타내었으며 통계적으로 유의하였다. 암 예방행위를 설명하는 유의한 변수는 일상생활, 장애성, 학년, 운동, 유익성, 암에 대한 지식, 금연의도의 순이었고, 전체 설명력은 30.6%였으며, 일상생활(${\beta}=25.8$)이 가장 설명력이 많은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 흡연청소년들의 암 예방행위를 높이기 위해서는 일상생활과 학교생활에서 흡연을 대체할 수 있는 건전한 취미와 운동 등을 보급하고 암 예방행위의 유익성을 강조하고 장애성을 감소시킬 수 있는 보건교육과 학년과 금연의도 등의 학생들의 특성을 고려한 맞춤형 암 예방교육프로그램의 개발이 필요하다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.379-388
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• 2001

Background : Cervix cancer is the most common form of cancer among Korea women. in spite of proof that cervical cancer screening could reduce death rates substantially, the screening rates reported by previous Korean studies remain stubbornly very low. Behavioral studies to increase the cervix cancer screening rate are essential in order to develop the cancer screening program. Objective : To evaluate the factors which are related to the intention and behavior for cervix cancer screening using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA). Methods : The survey was conducted from July 21 st to 26th in 1998. Of 3,218 women, 303(12.2%) between 30 and 55 years old, voluntarily participated in the survey in the 3 Myeons in Choongju city. Charge-free cervix cancer screening was provided for the subjects 3 months later. Results : The R-square of both TPB and TRA to the intention (30% and 42%, respectively) was greater than the actual behavior (21% and 13%, respectively. TPB and TRA were found to provide an appropriate framework for the study of cervix cancer screening behavior. However, TRA was more powerful in explaining the intention, not only because the perceived behavioral control component exhibited lower reliability and validity than other components(altitude and subjective norm), but also because there may have been a few limitations in this study design. Consequently, the use of TRA is preferred in attempting to explain intention and actual behavior in this study. Conclusions : This study suggests that a successful intervention program should focus on changing attitudes and reducing psychologic barriers, rather than on just providing information. Physician recommendations, and the support of family members and friends are also very important factors in cervix cancer program participation. Physicians, friends, family members, and opinion leaders in rural areas, all of whom could affect the individual subjective norm, may all have the potential to play great roles as facilitators.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제12권8호
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• pp.123-132
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• 2014

Purpose - Recently, Korean companies have been struggling to perform well in the larger smartphone market in China, which is regarded as a blue ocean area. First, it is very important to accurately understand the Chinese consumers, who have a different consumption culture and value system from the Korean culture and system. This would help to identify priorities for the Chinese market. Further, considering the smartphone industry, where technological change is rapid, Korean companies will need to take prompt measures about market trends in order to establish strong competitiveness. Consequently, this study focused on analyzing the relationship between the variables of consumption value, satisfaction, and loyalty in the Chinese smartphone market. The principal dimensions of consumption value, which smartphones have, was analyzed, and the influence on satisfaction was identified. Moreover, the relationship among the variables of satisfaction, attitudinal loyalty, and behavioral loyalty was empirically analyzed. Research design, data, and methodology - This study examined the relationships between various consumption values (functional value, emotional value, social value, epistemic value, and economic value), along with satisfaction and loyalty. The data were collected through a questionnaire survey that was circulated to 310 customers who were users of smartphones in Chingdao and Yeontae regions in China. The survey was conducted from June 23 to August 4, 2013. A total of 301 responses to the questionnaires were collected and used for the data analysis. Moreover, a path analysis based on Lisrel 8.54 was used for the hypothesis test. Results - The variables of functional value, emotional value, social value, and epistemic value were revealed to have positive effects on satisfaction related to smartphone usage. However, the variables of monetary cost and psychological cost were not found to have negative effects on satisfaction related to smartphone usage. Moreover, satisfaction positively influenced attitudinal loyalty related to smartphone usage, but did not have a significant influence on behavioral loyalty related to smartphone usage. Specifically, satisfaction is essential, but not a sufficient condition for building behavioral loyalty in relation to smartphone usage. In addition, attitudinal loyalty positively influenced behavioral loyalty in relation to smartphone usage. Conclusions - First, this study shows that functional value, emotional value, social value, and epistemic value in relation to smartphone usage are important for marketing in the Chinese smartphone market. Particularly, functional value and emotional value play pre-eminent roles as regards customer loyalty in the use of smartphones. Second, the results of this study reveal that the variables of monetary cost and psychological cost are not important to the Chinese consumers. Specifically, the smartphone price and cognitive effort are not perceived as value barriers. Third, satisfaction did not guarantee behavioral loyalty in relation to smartphone usage, and the strategic approach for improving the repurchase and referral action in relation to smartphones based on solid attitudinal loyalty would be desirable and should be the focus of the marketing activities of Korean smartphone companies.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.171-182
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• 2018

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the characteristics of caregivers and adults with intellectual disability, and social support, family function, and rehabilitation needs in caregivers. Methods : A total 98 pairs of adults with intellectual disability and their caregivers participated in this study. The researchers examined the general characteristics of the adults with intellectual disability and their caregivers. The evaluation included analysis of the level of activities of daily living, ability to communicate, and health status of the adults with intellectual disability, while the family income, health status, utility and the need for rehabilitation, social support (multidimensional scaled perceived social support, MSPSS) and family function (adaptation, partnership, growth, affection, resolve, and APGAR index) of the caregivers were measured. The data collected were analyzed to determine the relationship of the characteristics of adults with intellectual disability and the social support, family function, and rehabilitation needs of caregivers using regression and correlation analysis. Results : The rehabilitation needs were significantly correlated with the age of the adults with intellectual disability (p<.01), and the subjective health status of the caregivers (p<.05). The education level of the caregivers affected social support significantly ($R^2=.058$, p=.021). The communication ability of the adults with intellectual disability affected family function ($R^2=.071$, p=.01). The social support of caregivers had a significant effect on family function ($R^2=.488$, p<.001). Conclusion : These findings suggest that the barriers to community rehabilitation should be lowered, and the authors discussed the results of the present investigation.