• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.161-174
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• 2005

In order to presume the relationships between two species of P. ternata and P. tripartia, and their populations of the Korean Pinellia, RAPD analysis was performed. The length of the amplified DNA fragments ranged from 300 to 2,500bp. Seventy scorable RAPD makers were found from the PCR reactions with 7 random oligoprimers and were analyzed by Nei-Li's genetic coefficient. Also, some regional groups instead of same taxa were clustered from the phenogram of UPGMA analysis and NJ tree. Populations within each species were clustered at low genetic distance, there had the closed relationship. According to the regional individuals, Pinellia ternata was showed the variation pattern of morphological (leaf shape and flower color) and cytological characters(somatic chromosome numbers). So we suggested to difference of characteristic variety based on variety of habitat. According to this study, new species (Pinellia sp.) was affiliated with Pinellia and had the closest relationship with Hallasan and Japan population. The RAPD data was very useful to define the genetic variation and to discuss the relationships among the intraspecific taxa and their populations of the Korean Pinellia.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2004

Bang-Poong and related species are an important herbal medicine. However, it is difficult to determine the commercial dry material through anatomical and chemotaxonomical characteristics. Here, we used a PCR-based technique for an accurate discrimination of Bang-Poong and related species. With the RAPD primers, 215 RAPDSs(random amplified polymorphic DNAs) were obtained, and 98% of them showed polymorphic patterns. RAPDs from the four primers were appropriate for the discrimination of S. divaricata $(T_{URCZ{\cdot}})\;S_{CHISKIN}$, those from the six primers for P. japonicum $T_{HUNBERG}$, those from the four primers for P. terebinthaceum $F_{ISHER}$, and those from the six primers for G. littoralis Fr. $S_{CHMIDT}$. The specific bands from the primer 425 were obtained and used to develop SCAR (sequence characterized amplified region) markers, based on the sequence information of the RAPD markers. The SCAR primers generated a 215 bp fragment specific to Peucedanum terebinthaceum $F_{ISHER}$, and a 177 bp and a 300 bp fragment specific to G. littoralis Fr. $S_{CHMIDT}$. As a result, the three SCAR markers were able to discriminate from two Bang-Poong related species.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.1217-1220
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• 2005

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) analysis of 56 animals of four different genetic groups of dwarf cattle in Kerala was done as a single step analysis. Bandsharing (BS) values were calculated for animals of each group and between groups as an analytical tool to find out genetic variation among animals. The different factors affecting BS values were estimated using Harvey''s Least squares analysis. The effects of genetic group, Guanine-cytosine (GC) content of primer and gel on BS values were found significant. Bandsharing values of Kasargode-Highrange dwarf animals were significantly different from Vechur, Vatakara and their combinations. The Vechur, Vatakara and Vechur-Vatakara combinations were found to be more uniform (high BS value) compared with other combinations. The bandsharing value was lowest with primers of GC content 90% and highest with 80% GC content. The effect of gel on BS value points to the need of adjustments of gel factor for calculation of BS values.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.26 no.4 s.87
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• pp.466-477
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• 1998

Twenty-two Phellinus strains were characterized using colony morphologies and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to divide into Phellinus linteus. There were some differences in mycelial growth and colony shapes among the strains when they were grown on various media such as PDA, MCM, MEA and YM. Phellinus linteus was slowly growing, formed golden-yellow colony, and produced blue pigment on PDA media. When the regions of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) were amplified from ribosomal RNA (rRNA) coding genes of P. igniarius and P. linteus strains by means of PCR, two types of band (700 bp and 800 bp) were appeared, respectively. For the amplified intergenic region I (IGRI), P. igniarius strains showed a different band among 500, 600, 700 and 800 bp according to the strains, whereas P. linteus strains did one specific band of 700 bp. By polymorphism analysis after digesting the amplified products with 6 different restriction enzymes, a band specific to P. linteus was generated when the products for ITS region were digested with HaeIII, suggesting that the enzyme digestion could provide effective method to distinguish between P. igniarius and P. linteus. And also, the analysis of genetic relationship showed that the genetic similarities were 89% and 95% in P. igniarius and P. linteus strains, respectively. Random amplification polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis using multiple primer sets and arbitrarily primed PCR (AP-PCR) with ITS3 primer could also result in a reproducible way to identify P. linteus strains.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.19-23
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• 2004

This study was conducted to observe the morphological characteristics and to analyse genetic relationship using RAPD markers in 9 species of Iris. The period of flowering was shown very broad among 9 species of Iris, from April 22 to June 9. The flower stalk was fluctuated from 9.0cm (I. rossii) to 104.0cm (I. ensata). I. ensata has the largest flower size and followed by I. laevigata, I. tectorum, I. sanguinea, I. pseudacorus, I. lactea, I. rossii, I. minutoaurea, I. odaesanensis. Among the 108 amplified bands by PCR with 8 random primers, 107 showed polymorphism and only one showed monomorphism among 9 species of Iris. The average dissimilarity coefficient among 9 species of Iris was 0.252. The range of dissimilarity coefficient was shown as from 0.095 to 0.609. Nine species were divided into three groups. The first group was I. tectorum, and the second group was I. lactea, I. laevigata, I. pseudacorus, I. odaesanensis. I. minutoaurea, I. rossii, I. sanguinea, I. ensata were belong to group three.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.41-49
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• 2009

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker and sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA were used to assess phylogenetic relationships of four Korean oyster species. The average number of species-specific markers identified from five universal rice primers (URPs) by RAPD-PCR was 1.8 for Crassostrea gigas, 3.2 for C. nippona, 3.6 for C. ariakensis, and 4.6 for Ostrea denselamellosa. The length of the ITS (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) region ranged from 1,001 to 1,206 bp (ITS1, 426-518 bp; 5.8S, 157 bp; and ITS2, 418-536 bp), while the GC content ranged from 55.5-61.1% (ITS1, 56.8-61.8%; 5.8S, 56-57.3%; and ITS2, 54.1-62.2%). A phylogenetic analysis of the oysters based on our RAPD, ITS1, and ITS2 sequence data revealed a close relationship between C. gigas and C. nippona and a distant relationship between the genera Crassostrea and Ostrea. Our results indicated that RAPD and ITS sequence analysis was a useful tool for the elucidation of phylogenetic relationships and for the selection of species-specific markers in Korean oysters.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.250-259
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• 2002

Agromonia pilosa Ledeb. has been used as a medicinal plant in traditional folk remedy. There are few reports on classification, physiology, ecology and morphological studies of Agromonia pilosa L. in Korea. Therefore, advanced approaches on study and development with this plant would be done urgently. Present stndy was carried out to gain basic information on genetic resources and variation with collected domestic landraces through RAPD analysis in Agromonia pilosa L. Forty two collections of Agromonia pilosa L. from nation-wide area including USA one were analyzed by RAPD test. Molecular marker size by amplified DNA band pattern ranged from 300 to 2,100bp. Among the collection, two landraces of Hadong and Cheonghak-dong showed close relation in genetic similarity. Minimum and maximum value by matrix of 1-F among 26 collected landraces were figured out as 0.365 and 0.827 showing mean value for 0.624, respectively. Those landraces were classified into two groups with cluster analysis by Nei and Li's formula from RAPD-analyzed values, and considerable genetic differences were recognized between two groups.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.334-335
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• 2001

Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and Israeli carp(C. carpio) samples were obtained from a aquaculture facility in the Kunsan National University, Korea. Genomic DNA was isolated from the common carp and Israeli carp representing genetic characteristics and genomic polymorphisms by polymerase chain reaction amplification of DNA as arbitrary primers. There were observed a total of 90 species-specific genetic markers within Israeli carp. On average, each random RAPD primer produced amplified 7.9 products from 1 to 17 bands. An average genetic similarity within Israeli carp showed -.60$\pm$0.05. The average level of bandsharing was some 0.57$\pm$0.03 between common carp and Israeli carp. Accordingly, two carp species were genetically a little distant. The electrophoretic analysis of PCR-RAPD proudcts showed high levels of variation between two fish species. The RAPD polymorphism generated by primer may be used as a genetic marker for species or lines identification in important aquacultural carp.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.277-284
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• 1998

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to detect the genetic diversity of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) varieties and field bean (Glycine soza Sieb. and Zucc.) Five soybean varieties and one field bean were analysed with random primers using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Nine primers of a total twenty random primer were selected to amplify DNA segments. A total of 74 PCR products were amplified and 67.6% of which were polymorphic. The size of DNA molecule is ranged 0.13~2.0Kb and typically generated four to eight major bands. Specific genetic marker were revealed in primer sequence 5'-CAG GCC CIT C-3', 5'-TGC TCT GCC C-3' and 5'-GTC CAC ACG G-3', respectively. Genetic similarity between each of the varieties were calculated from the pair-wise comparisons of amplification products and a dendrogram was constructed by an unweighted pair-group method with arithmethical means (UPGMA). The results indicate that intervarietal relationships of soybean have a narrow genetic base and between the varieties, Hwanggum-kong and Seckryang-bootkong is more closely related than the rest of varieties, and field bean is related quite distant.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.46-50
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• 2002

In DNA level, genetic study of Angelica species was firstly conducted to discriminate the bolting-resistant or low bolting variety, so called as Manchu, from other Korea collected lines and also this technuque was applied to identify the origin of commercial dried materials obtained from current oriental medicinal market. By RAPD analysis with 72 primers including sixty of 10-mers and twelve of 20-mers, respectively, three primers, which were related to the bolting resistant traits of Angelica gigas, were identified. Comparing the RAPD bands, URP04 primer showed the 1.7 kb specific band, which seemed to be related to delaying bolting traits, since it was observed only in Jinbu elite lines but not in others. On the other hand, since 1.2 kb band amplified by OPD11 was observed in other collected lines but not in Manchu var. and Jinbu line, this primer also could be considered as a selection marker for identifying bolting resistant or delaying bolting traits. In the same manner, since OPP09 did not show 1 kb major band but produced 0.8 kb and 1.2 kb bands in Manchu var., these three bands amplified by the primer could be considered one of the important key specifying Manchu var. related with the trait of Angelica gigas. OPC02 primer showed the same band patterns in all Korean collected lines, but not in other foreign introduced lines, such as A. sinensis from China, and A. acutiloba from Japan. Since these four RAPD primers, OPD11, OPP09, URP04, and OPC02 showed the specific polymorphisms in Angelica species, thus, these were useful to discriminate the three Angelica species, A. gigas, A. sinensis, and A. acutiloba.