• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.925-928
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• 2003

Four guaia-12,6-olide type sesquiterpene lactones, aguerin B (1), 8$\alpha$-acetoxyzaluzanin C (2), cynaropicrin (3), and deacylcynaropicrin (4), were isolated from the flowers of Hemisteptia Iyrata Bunge. It is the first report on the isolation of compounds 1-4 from Hemisteptia species. All the isolates (1-4) were examined for their cytotoxic activity against SK-OV-3, LOX-IMVI, A549, MCF-7, PC-3, and HCT-15 human cancer cell lines.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.245-256
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• 2002

This studt was investigated to prove the effect of SPBST on the hypertension, the thrombosis and the brain damage. The results were as follows; 1. SPBST affected the htpertension as adepressant, but insignificant. 2. SPBST decreased significantly dopamine, aldosterone but ineffective on the epinephrine, norepinephrine and renin activity. 3. SPBST increased the NO product but insignificant. 4. SPBST had a death suppression effect by 50% in pulmonary thrombosis inducement experiment and activated slightly on the fibrinolytic activity. 5. SPBST suppressed significantly platelet diminution and prolonged insignificantly PT and APTT. 6. On the measure of the blood flow rate induced by the thrombus, in vivo SPBST accelerated the blood flow rate, in vitro insignificant. 7. SPBST had no toxicity on the PC12 cell and B103 cell induced by amyloid β protein (-35) and a protective effect, in proportion to the density. 8. SPBST decreased significantly coma duration time in a Infatal dose of KCN and showed 50% of survival rate in a fatal dose. 9. SPBST decreased significantly ischemic area and edema incited by the MCA blood flow block. These results indicate that SPBST can be used in hypertension, the thrombosis, the brain damage, the ischemic cerebral infarction and the acute stage of the brain damage. Further study will be needed about the functional mechanism and etc.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.679-687
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• 2018

Korean red pine (Pinus densiflora) is one of the major Pinus species in Korea. Red pine bark is removed prior to the chipping process in the wood industry and discarded as waste. However, red pine bark contains a considerable amount of naturally occurring phenolics, including flavonoids, and therefore may have a variety of biological effects. In this study, we investigated if Korean red pine bark extract (KRPBE) could protect neuronal PC-12 cells from oxidative stress and inhibit cholinesterase activity. Analysis of reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography results revealed four phenolics in KRPBE: vanillin, protocatechuic acid, catechin, and taxifolin. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of KRPBE were 397.9 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dry weight (DW) and 248.7 mg catechin equivalents/g DW, respectively. The antioxidant capacities of KRPBE measured using ABTS, DPPH, and ORAC assays were 697.3, 521.8, and 2,627.7 mg vitamin C equivalents/g DW, respectively. KRPBE and its identified phenolics protected against $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative cell death in a dose-dependent manner. Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase, which degrade the neurotransmitter acetylcholine to terminate neurotransmission in synaptic clefts, were inhibited by treatment with KRPBE and its identified phenolics. Taken together, these results suggest that KRPBE and its constituent antioxidative phenolics are potent neuroprotective agents that can maintain cell viability under oxidative stress and inhibit cholinesterase activity.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.85-99
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• 2004

Purpose: This study observed the changes in the telomerase activity, it's developmental regulation, PCNA expression, and their correlation in rat's upper digestive organs during growth and aging. Materials and Methods: Upper digestive organs(buccal mucosa, gingiva, palate, submandibular and parotid glands, and tongue) were aseptically removed from Sprague-Dawley rats of fetal(gestational 20 days), growing(1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 weeks after birth) and adult(12 week old). Samples for telomerase activity were frozen on liquid nitrogen immediately after sacrifice, and stored until the use at $-75^{\circ}C$ in order to measure it. Telomerase activity was measured by a PCR-based telomeric repeat amplication protoco(TRAP) assay and quantitated with Photometric Telo TAGGG Telomerase PCR ELISA plus(Roche Diagnostics GmbH. Mannheim. Germany). PCNA expression were measured immunohistochemistry with anti PCNA Ab-1, Clone PC10(NeoMark. California. USA). Results: 1. Telomerase activities in buccal mucosa, palate and gingiva were the highest in fetus and decreased gradually or rapidly after birth and then diminished, but In salivary gland and tongue were the highest in fetus and also high at 1 week and then decreased rapidly. 2. PCNA expression in buccal mucosa, gingiva, Tongue and salivary gland was the highest in fetus and decreased gradually and then diminished. but only in palate decreased rapidly after birth and then diminished. Conclusion: The highest telomerase activity of embryonic stage decreased rapidly after birth in rat's upper digestive organs. There may be a developmental regulation of telomerase activity, but not a tissue-specific. This telomerase activity seems correlated closely with PCNA expression in rat's upper digestive system.

• 약학회지
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.510-515
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• 2011

Isoquinoline compounds including berberine enhance L-DOPA-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells. In this study, the effects of berberine on L-DOPA therapy in unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced rat models of parkinsonism were investigated. Rats were prepared for the models of Parkinson's disease by 6-OHDA-lesioning for 14 days and then treated with L-DOPA (10 mg/kg) with or without berberine (5 and 30 mg/kg, i.p.) for 21 days. Treatment with berberine (5 and 30 mg/kg, i.p.) showed a dopaminergic cell loss in substantia nigra of 6-OHDA-lesioned rats treated with L-DOPA: 30 mg/kg berberine was more intensive neurotoxic. The levels of dopamine were also decreased by berberine (5 and 30 mg/ kg) in striatum-substantia nigra of 6-OHDA-lesioned rats treated with L-DOPA. These results suggest that berberine aggravates cell death of dopaminergic neurons in L-DOPA-treated 6-OHDA-lesioned rat models of Parkinson's disease. Therefore, the long-term L-DOPA therapeutic patients with isoquinoline compounds including berberine may need to be checked for the adverse symptoms.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.977-985
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• 2003

This study was done to evaluate the health and nutritional status of female college students in Seoul. The subjects were 63 healthy college students aged 20 to 29 years. Their body composition, dietary intakes, clinical blood indices were investigated. Their body composition was determined by means of a multifreqency bioelectrical impedance analysis. Their dietary intake was determined using 3-day record method and their nutrient intake was analyzed by Computer Aided Nutritional analysis program for professional (CAN-pro). Their hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) were determined by semi-automated microcell counter (F-520). Their plasma total cholesterol, TG, and HDL-cholesterol levels were measured using test kits. All data were statistically analyzed by SAS PC package program. Their average consumption of calcium, iron vitamin A, vitamin B2 and niacin were 63.3%, 65.0%, 85.2%, 89.2% and 95.2% of RDA, respectively. The overall mean values of the hematological indices in the female college students were within the normal range. However anemic subjects with hemoglobin (< 12 g/dl) and hematocrit (<36%) accounted for about 20% of the subjects. The mean levels of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and TG were 188.4mg/dl, 69.9mg/dl and 67.4mg/dl, respectively. The percentages of the subjects with plasma total cholesterol level (> 200mg/dl) and LDL-cholesterol (＞130mg/dl) were about 41% and 30.4%, respectively. The data showed a significantly positive correlation between either body fat (%) or BMI and TG. However. there was a significantly negative correlation between either body fat (%) or BMI and HDL-cholesterol. These overall results suggest that it is necessary for college women to be educated regarding consuming more iron and vitamin C and less fat, in order to prevent iron deficiency anemia and/or cardiovascular diseases in later life.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.25-38
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• 2014

Amyloid-${\beta}$-peptide ($A{\beta}$) is important in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Calpain ($Ca^{2+}$-dependent protease) and caspase-8 (the initiating caspase for the extrinsic, receptor-mediated apoptosis pathway) have been implicated in $AD/A{\beta}$ toxicity. We found that $A{\beta}$ promoted degradation of calpastatin (the specific endogenous calpain inhibitor); calpastatin degradation was prevented by inhibitors of either calpain or caspase-8. The results implied a cross-talk between the two proteases and suggested that one protease was responsible for the activity of the other one. In neuron-like differentiated PC12 cells, calpain promotes active caspase-8 formation from procaspase-8 via the $A{\beta}$ and CD95 pathways, along with degradation of the procaspase-8 processing inhibitor caspase-8 (FLICE)-like inhibitory protein, short isoform (FLIPS). Inhibition of calpain (by pharmacological inhibitors and by overexpression of calpastatin) prevents the cleavage of procaspase-8 to mature, active caspase-8, and inhibits FLIPS degradation in the $A{\beta}$-treated and CD95-triggered cells. Increased cellular Ca2+ per se results in calpain activation but does not lead to caspase-8 activation or FLIPS degradation. The results suggest that procaspase-8 and FLIPS association with cell membrane receptor complexes is required for calpain-induced caspase-8 activation. The results presented here add to the understanding of the roles of calpain, caspase- 8, and CD95 pathway in $AD/A{\beta}$ toxicity. Calpain-promoted activation of caspase-8 may have implications for other types of CD95-induced cell damage, and for nonapoptotic functions of caspase-8. Inhibition of calpain may be useful for modulating certain caspase-8-dependent processes.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.712-716
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• 2009

오미자 메탄올 추출물의 항산화 특성 및 $H_2O_2$로 유도된 신경세포 독성에 대한 보호효과를 조사하였다. ABTS radical 소거 및 FRAP방법을 이용하여 오미자 메탄올 추출물의 항산화 활성을 측정한 결과 추출물의 농도가 증가함에 따라 항산화 활성이 증가하는 농도의존적인 경향을 보였다. $H_2O_2$로 유도된 PC12 신경세포에 대한 보호효과를 측정한 결과 모든 시료에서 72-99% 정도의 신경세포 보호효과를 보였고, LDH release assay 결과 0.5 mg/mL 농도에서 47% 정도의 LDH 방출량 저해효과를 나타냈으며, neutral red uptake assay 결과 모든 농도에서 vitmain C에 비해 높은 생존율을 보였다. 본 연구 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 오미자 메탄올 추출물의 항산화력과 산화적 스트레스로부터 신경세포의 뛰어난 보호효과는 알츠하이머성 신경질환의 예방 및 치료제로서의 활용 가능성이 높다고 판단된다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2009

Objectives : Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by neuronal loss and extracellular senile plaque. Moreover, the cellular actions of ${\beta}$-amyloid (A${\beta}$ play a causative role in the pathogenesis of AD. This study was designed to determine whether Woo-Gui-Um, a commonly used Korean herbal medicine, has the ability to protect cortical and hippocampal neurons against A${\beta}_{25-35}$ neurotoxicity Methods : In the present study, the authors investigated the preventative effects of the water extract of Woo-Gui-Um in a mouse model of AD. Memory impairment was induced by intraventricularly (i.c.v.) injecting A${\beta}_{25-35}$ peptides into mice. Woo-Gui-Um extract was then administered orally (p.o.) for 14 days. In addition, A${\beta}_{25-35}$ toxicity on the hippocampus was assessed immunohistochemically, by staining for Tau, MAP2, TUNEL, and Bax, and by performing an in vitro study in PC12 cells. Results : Woo-Gui-Um extract had an effect to improve learning ability and memory score in the water maze task. Woo-Gui-Um extract had significant neuroprotective effects in vivo against oxidative damage and apoptotic cell death of hippocampal neurons caused by i.c.v. A${\beta}_{25-35}$. In addition, Woo-Gui-Um extract was found to have a protective effect on A${\beta}_{25-35}$-induced apoptosis, and to promote neurite outgrowth of nerve growth factor (NGF)-differentiated PC12 cells. Conclusions : These results suggest that Woo-Gui-Um extract reduces memory impairment and Alzheimer's dementia via an anti-apoptotic effect and by regulating Tau and MAP2 in the hippocampus.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권8호
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• pp.1072-1078
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• 2012

본 연구는 팽이버섯으로부터 열수 및 에탄올 추출물의 항산화와 항염증 활성을 탐색하였다. 라디칼 소거능을 측정한 결과, DPPH 라디칼 소거능은 팽이버섯 열수 추출물의 경우 천연 항산화제인 비타민 C보다 활성이 우수하지는 않지만 다른 종류의 버섯 추출물보다 우수한 효능을 확인하였고 추후 분리, 정제를 통하여 유효 물질을 발굴하여 새로운 소재를 찾아내는 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다. ABTS 라디칼 소거능과 FRAP을 이용한 총항산화 효능에 관한 결과에서도 팽이버섯 추출물이 항산화 효과를 나타내는 것을 확인하였고, FTC법을 이용한 지질과산화 억제 효능을 살펴본 결과도 마찬가지로 열수 추출물이 에탄올 추출물보다 항산화 활성이 우수한 것을 확인하였다. 한편, 세포 독성을 살펴보기 위하여 항산화력이 우수한 팽이버섯 열수 추출물을 이용하여 정상 신경세포에 MTT assay를 수행한 결과, 세포의 생존율은 1.0 mg/mL의 이하 농도까지는 생존에 영향을 미치지 않는 것을 확인하였고 신경세포 보호효능 실험에서는 1.0 mM $H_2O_2$로 유도시킨 세포사에 대해 농도의존적인 신경세포 보호 효과가 있는 것을 확인하였으며, 마크로파지 세포에서도 독성에 대하여 신경세포와 유사한 결과를 확인하였다. NO의 저해효능도 농도 의존적으로 감소하였고 추가적으로 세포의 유전학적 분석인 western blot으로 iNOS와 COX-2를 수행하였을 때 LPS군에 비해 팽이버섯 열수 추출물군에서 iNOS 단백질 발현량이 감소하는 것을 확인하였다. 하지만 좀 더 명확한 결과를 위하여 차후 효소활성 및 동물연구 등이 추가적으로 필요할 것으로 판단된다.