• Title/Summary/Keyword: P-V

Search Result 10,057, Processing Time 0.035 seconds

Application Analysis of Vitex rotundifolia by Difference of the Shallow-Extensive Green Roof System (저관리 옥상녹화의 식재기반 시스템 차이에 따른 순비기나무의 활용성 평가)

  • Park, Jun-Suk;Ju, Jin-Hee;Kim, Won-Tae;Yoon, Young-Han
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
    • /
    • v.13 no.4
    • /
    • pp.10-17
    • /
    • 2010
  • The objectives of this study were to compare the growth of Vitex rotundifolia as affected by the difference of soil depth and mixture ratio in a shallow-extensive green roof module system, and to identify the level of soil thickness and mixture ratio as suitable growing condition to achieve the desired plant growth in green roof. Different soil thickness levels were achieved under 7cm, 15cm and 25cm of shallow-extensive green roof module systems made by woody frame of $500{\times}500{\times}300mm$. Soil mixture ratio were eight types for perlite : peatmoss : leafmold = 7 : 1 : 2 (v/v/v, $P_7P_1L_2$), perlite : peatmoss : leafmold = 6 : 2 : 2 (v/v/v, $P_6P_2L_2$), perlite : peatmoss : leafmold = 5 : 3 : 2 (v/v/v, $P_5P_3L_2$), perlite : peatmoss : leafmold = 4 : 4 : 2 (v/v/v, $P_4P_4L_2$), only sand ($S_{10}$), sand : leafmold = 7 : 3 (v/v, $S_7L_3$), sand : leafmold = 5 : 5 (v/v, $S_5L_5$) and only leafmold ($L_{10}$). The growth response of Vitex rotundifolia had fine and sustain condition in $P_6P_2L_2$, $P_5P_3L_2$ and $P_4P_4L_2$., Especially, in case of $P_6P_2L_2$, growth response appeared to be good even in soil thickness 7cm, which showed low survival rates of Vitex rotundifolia in other soil mixtures. Tree height, root diameter, photosynthesis and chlorophyll contents tended to increase with increased soil thickness.

n-ARY $P-H_v$-GROUPS

  • Ghadiri, M.;Waphare, B.N.
    • Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
    • /
    • v.26 no.5_6
    • /
    • pp.945-959
    • /
    • 2008
  • n-ary $H_v$-structures is a generalisation of both n-ary structures and $H_v$-structures. A wide class of n-ary $P-H_v$-groups is the n-ary $P-H_v$-groups that is concidered in this paper. In this paper the notion of a normal subgroup of an n-ary $P-H_v$-groups is introduced and the isomorphism theorems for n-ary $P-H_v$-groups are stated and proved. Also some examples and related properties are investigated.

  • PDF

SIMPLE VALUATION IDEALS OF ORDER TWO IN 2-DIMENSIONAL REGULAR LOCAL RINGS

  • Hong, Joo-Youn;Lee, Hei-Sook;Noh, Sun-Sook
    • Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
    • /
    • v.20 no.3
    • /
    • pp.427-436
    • /
    • 2005
  • Let (R, m) be a 2-dimensional regular local ring with algebraically closed residue field R/m. Let K be the quotient field of R and v be a prime divisor of R, i.e., a valuation of K which is birationally dominating R and residually transcendental over R. Zariski showed that there are finitely many simple v-ideals $m=P_0\;{\supset}\;P_1\;{\supset}\;{\cdotS}\;{\supset}\;P_t=P$ and all the other v-ideals are uniquely factored into a product of those simple ones. It then was also shown by Lipman that the predecessor of the smallest simple v-ideal P is either simple (P is free) or the product of two simple v-ideals (P is satellite), that the sequence of v-ideals between the maximal ideal and the smallest simple v-ideal P is saturated, and that the v-value of the maximal ideal is the m-adic order of P. Let m = (x, y) and denote the v-value difference |v(x) - v(y)| by $n_v$. In this paper, if the m-adic order of P is 2, we show that $O(P_i)\;=\;1\;for\;1\;{\leq}\;i\; {\leq}\;{\lceil}\;{\frac{b+1}{2}}{\rceil}\;and\;O(P_i)\;=2\;for\;{\lceil}\;\frac{b+3}{2}\rceil\;{\leq}\;i\;\leq\;t,\;where\;b=n_v$. We also show that $n_w\;=\;n_v$ when w is the prime divisor associated to a simple v-ideal $Q\;{\supset}\;P$ of order 2 and that w(R) = v(R) as well.

Study on Metal Cupferrate Complex (Part IV). Determination of Vanadium(IV) and Vanadium(V) Cupferrate Compositions (Metal Cupferrate Complex에 關한 硏究(第4報) Spectrophotometry에 의한 바나듐(IV) 및 바나듐(V)-Cupferrate 의 化學組成의 決定)

  • Kim, Si-Joong
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
    • /
    • v.8 no.4
    • /
    • pp.147-152
    • /
    • 1964
  • Vanadium (IV) and vanadium (V) cupferrate compositions in benzene phase were determined by molar ratio method and continuous variation method spectrophotometrically at 450$m{\mu}$ or 445$m{\mu}$ of wavelength. Compositions of vanadium (IV) cupferrates, V(IV)/Cupf, varied from 1/2 to 1/4 with the acidity of solution from which the complexes were precipitated. The complexes precipitated were vanadium(IV) cupferrate($VCupf_4$) in solution with lower pH than 1.0, and vanadyl(IV) cupferrate ($VOCupf_2$) in solution with 1.8-4.3 of pH. It was considered, however, that the complexes in solution with 1.3-1.7 of pH might be hydrogen vanadyl(IV) cupferrate ($HVOCupf_3$) or nearly equimolar mixture of $VCupf_4\;and\;VOCupf_2$ complexes. Vanadium (V) cupferrate composition did not vary with the acidity of solution from which the complexes were precipitated. In solution with lower pH than 1.8, the complex precipitated was hydrogen vanadyl (V) cupferrate, $HVO_2Cupf_2$.

  • PDF

Utilization of Domestic Vegetables Juices as a Medium for Growth and Reproduction of Phytophthora species (국내산 야채쥬스의 역병균 영양생장 및 생식생장용 배양기 이용)

  • 지형진;조원대;최용철
    • Korean Journal Plant Pathology
    • /
    • v.14 no.4
    • /
    • pp.299-302
    • /
    • 1998
  • V8 juice agar (V8A) has been the most popular and commonly used medium for growth and reproduction of Phytophthora. However, frequently V8 vegetable juice is not available or difficult to obtain in Korea. We therefore developed widely accessible medium to substitute for V8A using domestically available five juices; two carrot (KCJA), two tomato (KTJA) and a vegetable-mix (KVMA). To prepare 10% juice medium, each vegetable juice 100 ml, DW 900 ml, agar 17 g and Ca CO3 0.5∼1.0g were supplemented to adjust pH ca. 6.0 Mycelial growth of P. cactorum and P. capsici on KTJA and KVMA was equally effective as V8A for the growth of P. cactorum, P. capsici, P. drechsleri and P. nicotianae under light. Sporangial production of P cactorum, P. capsici and P. nicotianae on KTJA and KVMA was as good as V8A and slightly better than CKJA, but the difference was insignificant by P. cactorum and P. nicotianae. The four fungi successfully formed oospores on all the media although the numbers were varied among species and media. While KTJA was the best for P. cactorum and P. capsici, V8A was the best for P. capsici and P. drechsleri. However, KCJA stimulated highest number of oopspores of P. nicotianae. Overall results showed that domestically available vegetable juices were highly effective on growth and reproduction of Phytophthora and comparable to V8 juice. Therefore, the domestic juice medium can be successfully replaced V8A in Phytophthora study.

  • PDF

SKEW CYCLIC CODES OVER 𝔽p + v𝔽p + v2𝔽p

  • Mousavi, Hamed;Moussavi, Ahmad;Rahimi, Saeed
    • Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
    • /
    • v.55 no.6
    • /
    • pp.1627-1638
    • /
    • 2018
  • In this paper, we study an special type of cyclic codes called skew cyclic codes over the ring ${\mathbb{F}}_p+v{\mathbb{F}}_p+v^2{\mathbb{F}}_p$, where p is a prime number. This set of codes are the result of module (or ring) structure of the skew polynomial ring (${\mathbb{F}}_p+v{\mathbb{F}}_p+v^2{\mathbb{F}}_p$)[$x;{\theta}$] where $v^3=1$ and ${\theta}$ is an ${\mathbb{F}}_p$-automorphism such that ${\theta}(v)=v^2$. We show that when n is even, these codes are either principal or generated by two elements. The generator and parity check matrix are proposed. Some examples of linear codes with optimum Hamming distance are also provided.

A Study on Deep Levels in Rapid Thermal Annealed PICTS Semi-Insulating InP(100) by PICTS (PICTS 방법에 의한 급속열처리시킨 반절연성 InP(100)에서 깊은준위에 관한 연구)

  • 김종수;김인수;이철욱;이정열;배인호
    • Electrical & Electronic Materials
    • /
    • v.10 no.8
    • /
    • pp.800-806
    • /
    • 1997
  • The behavior of de levels in rapid thermal annealed Fe-doped semi-insulating InP(100) was studied by photoinduced current transient spectrocopy(PICTS). In bulk InP, T2(Ec-0.24 eV), T3(Ec-0.30 eV) and T5(Ec-0.62 eV) traps were observed. After annealing the T2 trap was annihilated at 20$0^{\circ}C$ and recreated at 35$0^{\circ}C$. T3 trap was not affected below 40$0^{\circ}C$. With increasing temperature the concentration of T5 trap reduced and it was annihilated at 30$0^{\circ}C$. However the T1(Ec-0.16 eV) and T4(Ec-0.42 eV) traps were began to appear at 40$0^{\circ}C$and these concentrations were increased with annealing temperature. The T1 and T4 traps seem to be related to the isolated phosphorus vacancy( $V_{p}$) and $V_{p}$-indium antisite( $V_{p}$- $P_{in}$ ) or $V_{p}$-indium interstitial( $V_{p}$-I $n_{I}$) respectiely.respectiely.

  • PDF

Taxonomic Status of Siberian Flying Squirrel from Korea (Pteromys volans aluco Thomas 1907)

  • Koh, Hung-Sun;Jin, Yi;Yang, Beong-Guk;Lee, Bae-Keun;Heo, Seon-Wook;Jang, Kyung-Hee
    • Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
    • /
    • v.24 no.2
    • /
    • pp.169-172
    • /
    • 2008
  • Sequences of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome b gene (1,140 bp) and control region (803 bp) of Siberian flying squirrels from Korea (Pteromys volans aluco) and Mt. Changbai of northeast China (P. v. arsenjevi) were obtained to reexamine the taxonomic status of the Korean subspecies. In the cytochrome b gene, six haplotypes of P. v. aluco formed a clade with six haplotypes of P. v. arsenjevi, and in control region, seven haplotypes of P. v. aluco formed a clade with six haplotypes of P. v. arsenjevi. Furthermore, six haplotypes of cytochrome b gene of P. v. aluco from this study formed a clade with four haplotypes of P. v. arsenjevi in far-east Russia obtained from GenBank. We also investigated the research papers previously published that reported the length of tail vertebrae of P. volans, and found that the length was not sufficiently large as to be a key character of P. v. aluco. This result is not consistent with morphological description for its haplotype. Therefore, we conclude that P. v. aluco from Korea might possibly be a synonym of P. v. arsenjevi from northeast China and nearby Russia.

Electrochemical properties of $Li_2O-P_2O_5-V_2O_5$ Glass-ceramics by Addition of $Bi_2O_3$ ($Bi_2O_3$첨가에 따른 $Li_2O-P_2O_5-V_2O_5$ 결정화유리의 전기화학적 특성변화)

  • Son, Muong-Mo;Gu, Hal-Bon
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
    • /
    • 2002.07b
    • /
    • pp.797-800
    • /
    • 2002
  • Instead of a solution process producing amorphous $LiV_3O_8$ form, we prepared Lithium vanadate glass by melting $Li_2O-P_2O_5-V_2O_5$ and $Li_2O-P_2O_5-Bi_2O_3-V_2O_5$ composition in pt. crucible and by quenching on the copper plate. From the crystallization of $Li_2O-P_2O_5-V_2O_5$ and $Li_2O-P_2O_5-Bi_2O_3-V_2O_5$, we could abtain glass-ceramics having crystal phase, LiV3O8 from glass matrix. The material heat-treated at lower-temperature, $250^{\circ}C$ had less crystalline and lower capacity, But the material heat-treadted at higher-temperature, $330^{\circ}C$ had higher capacity and $Li_2O-P_2O_5-V_2O_5$ glass-ceramics had higher capacity than $Li_2O-P_2O_5-Bi_2O_3-V_2O_5$ glass-ceramics.

  • PDF

SEMICLASSICAL ASYMPTOTICS OF INFINITELY MANY SOLUTIONS FOR THE INFINITE CASE OF A NONLINEAR SCHRÖDINGER EQUATION WITH CRITICAL FREQUENCY

  • Aguas-Barreno, Ariel;Cevallos-Chavez, Jordy;Mayorga-Zambrano, Juan;Medina-Espinosa, Leonardo
    • Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
    • /
    • v.59 no.1
    • /
    • pp.241-263
    • /
    • 2022
  • We consider a nonlinear Schrödinger equation with critical frequency, (P𝜀) : 𝜀2∆v(x) - V(x)v(x) + |v(x)|p-1v(x) = 0, x ∈ ℝN, and v(x) → 0 as |x| → +∞, for the infinite case as described by Byeon and Wang. Critical means that 0 ≤ V ∈ C(ℝN) verifies Ƶ = {V = 0} ≠ ∅. Infinite means that Ƶ = {x0} and that, grossly speaking, the potential V decays at an exponential rate as x → x0. For the semiclassical limit, 𝜀 → 0, the infinite case has a characteristic limit problem, (Pinf) : ∆u(x)-P(x)u(x) + |u(x)|p-1u(x) = 0, x ∈ Ω, with u(x) = 0 as x ∈ Ω, where Ω ⊆ ℝN is a smooth bounded strictly star-shaped region related to the potential V. We prove the existence of an infinite number of solutions for both the original and the limit problem via a Ljusternik-Schnirelman scheme for even functionals. Fixed a topological level k we show that vk,𝜀, a solution of (P𝜀), subconverges, up to a scaling, to a corresponding solution of (Pinf ), and that vk,𝜀 exponentially decays out of Ω. Finally, uniform estimates on ∂Ω for scaled solutions of (P𝜀) are obtained.