• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.55-64
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• 2015

Previous research on syntactic processing shows that the interpretation of a syntactically ambiguous sentence is frequently strongly biased towards one meaning over another. The current study investigated the effect of bias strength on the production of disambiguating prosody for English ambiguous sentences. In Experiment 1, 40 speakers gave default readings of 18 syntactically ambiguous sentences. Questioning was used to prove intended meanings behind default readings. Intended meanings were treated as interpretation biases when a majority of speakers read a sentence with the same intended meaning. The size of the majority was used to establish bias strength. In Experiment 2, 10 speakers were instructed to use prosody to disambiguate given alternate meanings of the sentences from Experiment 1. The results indicated an effect of bias strength on disambiguating prosody: speakers used temporal juncture cues to reliably disambiguate alternate meanings for sentences with a weak interpretation bias, but not for those with a strong bias. Overall, the results indicated that interpretation biases strongly affect the production of prosody.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.335-339
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• 2015

Using black hole masses which span $10^5-10^{10}M_{\odot}$, the distribution of galaxies in the (host spheroid stellar mass)-(black hole mass) diagram is shown to be strongly bent. While the core-$S{\acute{e}}rsic$ galaxies follow a near-linear relation, having a mean $M_{bh}/M_{sph}$ mass ratio of ~0.5%, the $S{\acute{e}}rsic$ galaxies follow a near-quadratic relation. This is not due to offset pseudobulges, but is instead an expected result arising from the long-known bend in the $M_{sph}{-{\sigma}}$ relation and a log-linear $M_{bh}{-{\sigma}}$ relation.

• Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.55-66
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• 2014

A knee joint's longevity depends on the proper integration of structural components in an axial alignment. If just one of the components is abnormally off-axis, the biomechanical system fails, resulting in arthritis. The complexity of various failures in the knee joint has led orthopedic surgeons to select total knee replacement as a primary treatment. In many cases, this means sacrificing much of an other-wise normal joint. Here, we review novel computational approaches to describe knee physiotherapy by introducing a new dimension of foot loading to the knee axis alignment producing an improved functional status of the patient. New physiotherapeutic applications are then possible by aligning foot loading with the functional axis of the knee joint during the treatment of patients with osteoarthritis.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.16
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• pp.139-147
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• 2003

While the statistical concept 'order statistics' has a great number of applications in our society ranging from industry to military analysis, it is not necessarily an easy concept to understand for many people. Adding some interesting simulation activities of this concept to the probability or statistics curriculum, however, can enhance the learning curve greatly. A hands-on and a graphic calculator based activities of a missile simulation were introduced by Kim(2003) in the context of order statistics. This article revisits the two activities in his paper and point out a dilemma that occurs from the violation of an assumption on two deviation parameters associated with the missile simulation. A third activity is introduced to resolve the dilemma in the terms of a kernel density estimation which is a nonparametric approach.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.33 no.spc
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• pp.721-728
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• 1998

UN은 1990년대를 전세계적인 자연재해 감소를 위한 10년(IDNDR)으로 지정하고 이러한 취지로 제네바에 사무국을 개설했다. 그에 대한 반응으로 국제 과학 연합회는 IGU를 통해 여러 지역에서의 지리적 연구를 지원하고 있다. IGU는 1992년에 개최된 제 27차 IGC에서 자연재해연구 분과를 개설하여 지리학에 있어서 새로운 기술을 개발하는데 강조를 두는 다양한 자연재해 프로젝트에 지리학자들을 포함시키려는 노력을 시작했다. 지리학자들은 IDNDR에 중요한 공헌을 하고 있는데, 특히 재해 관리를 위한 GIS의 영역과 지도화와 재해 평가를 위한 원격탐사, 재해 반응에 대한 GPS의 이용 등이 이에 포함된다. 지리학자들은 지도화와 재해를 경감시키려는 노력에 중요한 역할을 하고 있으며, 이미 재해를 입은 지역에 대해 복구 계획을 세우고 있다. CONAHA는 2000년에 서울에서 개최되는 제 29차 IGU에서 UN에 의해 시작된 안건을 지지하게 됨으로 그 역할을 마무리하게 될 것이다. 영구적인 공헌 중에는 1998년에 산악 재해에 관한 발간을 시작으로 자연재해에 관한 책 시리즈와 UNESCO에 의해 발간된 Life Systems 백과사전 내용 중 자연재해에 대한 부분이 포함된다는 것이다

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.11-22
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• 2006

This study attempted to visually inspect eight hundred wood crafts collected from various countries. These include sculputures, toys, jewl cases, kitchen wares, candle holder and wooden vases, stationery, sport outfits and etc. The most impressive wood is Myrtlewood, a broadleaf evergreen which grows along the coastline of southern Oregon and northern Califonia. Myrtlewood possesses a wide variety of grove patterns. This unique wood varies in color from a deep, rich brown to silver grey, red and every yellow. Myrtlewood is being recognized as being one of the most beautiful hardwoods in the world.

• MALSORI
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• no.60
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• pp.47-66
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• 2006

This study examined the effect of English-language experience on Korean- and Japanese-English late learners' production of English unstressed vowels in terms of four acoustic phonetic features: F0, duration, intensity and vowel reduction. The learners manifested some improvement with experience. The native-like attainment of a phonetic feature, however, was related to the phonological status of that feature in the speakers' native language. The results suggest that the extent to which the non-native speakers' production of English unstressed vowels improved with English-language experience varied as a function of their native language background.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 1987.07a
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• pp.223-234
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• 1987

A weakly nonlinear solution is presented for the two-dimensional wave kinematics forced by a generic wavemaker of variable-draft. The solution is valid for both piston and hinged wavemakers of variable-draft that may be double articulated. The second-order propagating waves generated by a planar wave board are composed of two components; viz., a Stokes second-order wave and a second-harmonic wave forced by the wavemaker which travels at a different speed. A previously neglected time-independent solution that is required to satisfy a kinematic boundary condition on the wavemaker as well as a mixed boundary condition on the free surface is included for the first time. A component of the time-independent solution is found to accurately estimate the mean return current(correct to second-order) in a closed wave flume. This mean return current is usually estimated from kinematic considerations by a conservation of mass principle.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.89-98
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• 1999

The purpose of this review of literature is to investigate what kinds of research have been done on social construction of mathematics understanding among elementary students in small groups. Only empirical studies were reviewed, and then grouping was done in terms of the purpose of the study. This grouping identified three categories: 1) Social and mathematical norms in mathematics classroom, 2) Teaching productive communication behaviors for active learning in small group, and 3) Participation roles and communication behaviors in different group structure. To enhance social construction of mathematics understanding in small group settings two suggestions are made: the importance of the selection of collaborative tasks or problems and teachers' beliefs about mathematics and the teaching an learning of mathematics.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.89-101
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• 1999

The reform movements of current mathematics education have based on several major ideas, in order to provide a new vision of the teaching and loaming of mathematics. Of the ideas, the motto of communication of mathematics appears to be a significant factor to change teaching practices in mathematics classroom. Through Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, the psychological background is presented for both supporting the motto and extracting important suggestions of the reform of mathematics education. The development of higher mental functions is explained by internalization, semiotic mediation, and the zone of proximal development. Above all, emphasis is put on the concepts of scaffolding and inter subjectivity related to the zone of proximal development. Seven implications are proposed by Vygotsky's sociocultural theory for the new forms of the teaching and learning of mathematics.