• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.225-244
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• 2017

When evaluating the economic value of technology or business project, we need to consider the period and cost for commercialization. Since the discounted cash flow (DCF) method has limitations in that it can not consider consecutive investment or does not reflect the probabilistic property of commercialization cost, we often take it desirable to apply the concept of real options with key metrics of underlying asset value, commercialization cost, and volatility, while regarding the value of technology and investment as the opportunity value. We at this moment provide more elaborated real options model with the effective region of volatility, which reflects the uncertainty in the option pricing model (OPM).

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.73-89
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• 1990

The aim of the present study is to estimates the economic value of household work done by fulltime home makers, using alternative methods of valuation household work in Pusan Korea. Eight findings, five different methods -Self Estimation by Home Makers, Reservation Wage, Opportunity Cost, Individual function Cost, Replacement Cost(Visiting Housekeeper, Housekeeper, General Managemet, Housekeeper & General Management)- are tried for the estimation of economic value of household work. The results of this study can be outlined as follows : 1) The economic value of household work varies substantially by the methods of estimating. The averages are : 2) The economic value of household work varies with the level of education, ages, the number of children, the stage of FLC in all method of estimation, and the level of income in self estimation by home makers, Reservation wage. Specially, FLC revealed good explanation variable in method of estimation as input household work time. 3) The gap between two-day survey and three-day survey in household work time questionaire didn't so much.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.99-111
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• 1987

The purpose of this study is to survey alternative methods of valuation of housework, and then to estimate the economic value of housework done by fulltime housewives in Korea. Four different methods-Self Estimation by Housewives, Opportunity Cost, Individual Function Cost and Housekeeper Replacement cost-are tried for the estimation of economic value of housework. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: (1) The economic value of housework varies substantially by the methods of estimation. The average are: *Estimates of Economic values of Housework by Each Method of Estimation (2) The economic value of housework varies with the level of education, ages, household income, the size of family, the number of children, the number of preschool children.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 A
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• pp.181-183
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• 1999

As one of ancillary services, voltage support and reactive power service should be compensed properly for its contribution. In this paper, a cost-based reactive power planning is presented. which minimizes the total cost of reactive power support of generators and VAR compensation facility installation. Reactive power support of generator is evaluated by the opportunity costs of reduced energy sale considering the varying SMP(system marginal price) in power market, Gradient projection method is applied to solve this reactive power planning using IEEE14 bus system.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.415-431
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• 2002

A unified framework for statistical inference for the mean of the normal distribution to derive point estimates, confidence intervals and statistical tests is proposed. This optimal design is justified after investigating the basic information and requirements that are possible and impossible to control when specifying practical and statistical requirements. Point estimation is only credible when viewed in the larger context of interval estimation, since the information required for optimal point estimation is unspecifiable. Triple sampling is proposed and justified as a reasonable sampling vehicle to achieve the specifiable requirements within the unified framework.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제22권50호
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• pp.313-322
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• 1999

EVA(Economic Value Added) is a management performance evaluation tool that determines whether a business is earning more than its true cost of capital. Leading corporations like Coca-Cola, AT&T and Briggs&Stratton have set up EVA measurement systems throughout their organizations. EVA reflects opportunity cost of equity ignored in calculating accounting profit and emphasizes the efficiency of capital employed by measuring how much the manufacturing and selling activities produce the economic profit in excess of cost of gross capital. In this paper, we define the concept of EVA and present an example to show the usefulness of EVA.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.424-439
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• 2017

This study was undertaken to examine the profit efficiency and its determining factors, the investment opportunity, and the challenges of shea butter producers in the northern region of Ghana. The methods employed in this research were the Stochastic Profit Frontier (SPF) model, gain-cost and investment return analyses, as well as Kendall's W statistic using primary data collected from 120 purposively-selected respondents. Results from the analysis indicated that profit efficiency was positively influenced by sex, household size, marital status, educational level, transportation cost, store rent, and price of shea nut with a gain in profit efficiency of 58.5%. The investment analysis demonstrated a net gain per person of $8,077 equivalent to GH₵ 28,270 Ghanaian cedi (GH₵) using 2016 exchange rate (GH₵ 3.5 = $1). Among the challenges identified, the poor quality of shea nuts was the most prioritised challenge with 72.8% agreement among the respondents. Based on these findings, it was recommended that proper training and education, as well as improvement in shea nut quality, should be promoted to improve the profit efficiency of shea butter producers.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.567-575
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• 2014

In recent times, an obvious strategy in liner shipping markets that has come to the fore is slow steaming. Nowadays, most liner shipping companies have decelerated the voyage speed to 15-18 knots on major routes, and some leading liner shipping companies have a plan to reduce it to below 15 knots. Slow steaming is helpful in reducing the operating cost and the amount of greenhouse-gas emissions on a single vessel with lower fuel consumption. However, it also creates various negative effects such as the opportunity cost, additional fixed costs and an in-transit inventory cost on a loop. Hence, the net operating cost on a loop is changing dynamically due to the changes of voyage speed based on various slow steaming effects. The aim of this study is to analyze the slow steaming effects in the liner shipping, and to find the best voyage speed that minimizes the operating cost on a loop. Moreover, this study suggests the recommendable strategy for liner shipping companies. To achieve the aim of this study, a simulation model has been designed using System Dynamics.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.131-149
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• 2014

해운물류기업들의 유동성문제는 지속적으로 제기되어 왔으며, 유동성위기 극복을 위한 자산매각, 구조조정 등 기업들의 자구책뿐만 아니라, 다양한 형태의 정책적 지원방안도 마련되고 있는 상황이다. 하지만, 여전히 유동성위기에 대한 어려움이 산업전반에 걸쳐 내재된 상태이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 해운물류기업들의 유동성과 현금보유수준에 대해 살펴보고, 그 결정요인들을 실증해봄으로써 해운물류기업들의 유동성 극복을 위한 재무적 의사결정 정보를 제공해보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 2005년 이후 38개 해운물류기업들을 대상으로 연구를 수행하였다. 연구의 수행결과 현금보유규모측면에서는, 일반제조업 대비 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 매출액대비 원가는 지속적으로 상승하였으며, 2009년 이후부터는 판관비를 포함한 매출원가가 매출규모를 상회함으로써 수익성이 급격히 하락하는 것으로 나타났다. 현금보유수준 결정요인분석결과에서는 부채만기, 선박규모, 이자비용, 성장기회 등이 주된 결정요인 것으로 나타났다. 결정요인별 추가분석에서는 결정요인에서 다소 차이를 보여주었다. 부채만기가 높은 집단에서는 성장기회와 현금흐름이, 낮은 집단에서는 기업 및 선박규모가 결정요인으로 분석되었다. 또한 자산대비 선박규모가 클 경우 성장기회, 현금흐름 등이, 낮을 경우 이자비용, 선박규모 등의 유의한 변수로 분석되었다. 이자비용부담이 낮은 집단에서는 성장기회가 추가적으로 유의하게 나타났다.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2014

기업은 경쟁력 강화를 위해 다양한 비용절감에 관한 노력을 하고 있고, 그 중 원가절감을 위한 여러 방법을 강구하고 있다. 효율적으로 원가를 절감하기 위해 원가의 구성요소를 파악해보면 재료비, 노무비, 경비 등으로 구성되어 있다. 이 중 재료비와 경비 등에 속하는 구매비와 재고비, 물류비 등을 절감하는 것이 중요하다. 그러나 물류비에는 제품 포장비, 운송에 관련된 여러 부대비용, 제품의 보관비, 상하역비, 유동비 등 여러 가지 요소로 구성되어 있어서 실제 기업의 물류비를 계산하거나 물류비 절감을 위한 원가절감모델을 구축하는데 많은 한계점을 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 실제 자사의 물류센터를 두고 상품의 분류, 재고관리, 배송까지 일관하는 방법으로 물류비를 절감하고 있는 의류회사 P사의 실제 데이터를 이용하여 기존 알고리즘과 본 연구에서 제안한 알고리즘을 이용해 물류비를 계산하고 비교한다. 본 연구를 통해 P사의 물류비를 분석하여 물류체계의 문제점을 찾고 해결할 수 있는 기회가 될 것이다.