• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.373-378
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• 2017

While on-line shopping markets are growing, consumer's procurement processes are being confused regardless of on or off line market and, smart consumers who want intelligent tailored services have emerged. Depending on the changeable pattern of consumer, most of related companies provide various Omni channel and O2O service. However, reactions of the fashion companies are tend to be late. Recently, the IoT environment has changed to standards-based open platform and it requires a variety of intelligent services depending on the type of environment and objects. This thesis proposes fashion O2O system using smart fitting display that is adaptable to fashion companies. This proposed system provides fitting information which is performed on off-line by users after constructing the database, it also support the works as on-line status, thus, it makes users' procurements to maintain continuously. For the more, customer oriented intelligent fitting service would be expected by the information connection with the shop and delivery systems.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2016.01a
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• pp.167-168
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• 2016

2015년 대한민국을 관통하는 키워드 중 하나가 O2O (Online to Offline)이다. 대기업과 중소기업까지 O2O를 전면에 내세우고 새로운 비즈니스를 모색하는 기업들이 확대되고 있다. O2O 비즈니스 기업들의 업종도 모바일 메신저, 포털을 비롯한 인터넷 사업자, 통신사업자, 모바일 기기 제조사, 전자상거래 기업과 같은 정보통신기술(ICT) 관련 기업부터 유통기업까지 다양하다. 본 연구를 위하여 2014.5~2015.5 1년 간 여자대학생 92명의 '모바일 쇼핑 금융서비스 이용 현황' 조사를 실시하였다. 조사 결과, 상품정보검색(96.7%), 구매(88%), 주문 배송(77.2%), 할인 프로모션정보(62%) 등 모바일 쇼핑을 하였고, 모바일금융 서비스로는 하루에 1번정도 (20.4%), 월1~3회(20.4%), 1주 3~4회(16.3%), 이용 안하는 경우(24.5%)로 조사 되었다. 모바일 금융서비스를 이용하지 못하는 이유로는 개인정보보안 및 해킹우려(39%), 이용/결제 과정의 불편함(25.8%) 등 이었으며, 국내 O2O 플랫폼이 제공하는 서비스는 쇼핑부터 결제까지 완결적인 구조로 보완할 부분이 필수적이다.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.544-550
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the characteristic factors which have been influenced on nitrous oxide ($N_2O$) emissions related to the environment change of nitrogen application level, rainfall and temperature during the potato cultivation at black volcanic ash soil from 2010 to 2011. During the potato cultivation, the more amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied, $N_2O$ emissions amounts were released much. $N_2O$ emissions with the cultivation time were released much at the first and middle of cultivation with heavy rainfall, but it was released very low until the end of cultivation and drought season. $N_2O$ emissions mainly were influenced by the rainfall and soil water content. The correlation (r) with $N_2O$ emissions, soil wate, soil temperature in 2010 were very significant at $0.6251^{**}$ and $0.6082^{**}$ respectively, but soil EC was not significant to 0.10824. In 2011, soil temperature was very significant at $0.4879^{**}$, but soil water and soil EC were not significant at 0.0468 and 0.0400 respectively. Also, $NH_4$-N was very significant at $0.7476^{**}$, but $NO_3$-N and soil nitrogen ($NO_3-N+NH_4-N$) were not significant at 0.0843 and 0.1797, respectively. During the potato cultivation period, the average emissions factor of 2 years released by the nitrogen fertilizer application was presumed to be 0.0040 ($N_2O-N\;kg\;N^{-1}\;kg^{-1}$). This factor was lower about 2.5 times than the IPCC guideline default value (0.0100 $N_2O-N\;kg\;N^{-1}\;kg^{-1}$).

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.57-68
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• 2016

Traditional market for arcade game is downsized due to limited offline services. This paper suggests O2O service which is a combination of NFC technology and traditional arcade game. O2O service available by installing NFC tag in the gaming machines and operating by smartphone. This allows convenient payment service along with continuity of gameplay. Furthermore applying ranking, statistics and replays will vitalize communities such as fan clubs and highlight local rankers into popular gaming stars. Offline gallery can be expanded to online via O2O service. Local stars and online gallery will lead arcade gaming platform to E sports. This paper covers servers and applications regarding O2O service in addition to their functions and expected outcome.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.455-456
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• 2015

In O2O environment (Online-to-Offline), providers attract new customers via websites and lead them to pay online, then induce them again to offline when receiving products. Thus, online and offline channel is integrated and create synergy for marketing in O2O context. As online and offline channel coexist in O2O, consumers' perceptions for products and services that providers offer cannot help being different compared to an independent channel (i.e., either online or offline). Therefore, this research aims to explore the effect of perceived service quality on consumer's trust and attitude, who have purchased products in O2O context. For testing the hypothesized research model, the current paper conducts survey and empirical test.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.285-294
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• 2022

In order to accurately calculate greenhouse gas emissions in the agricultural field, Korea has been developing national-specific emission factors through direct measurement of gas fluxes using the closed-chamber method. In the rice paddy, only national-specific emission factors for methane (CH₄) have been developed. It is thus necessary to develop those for nitrous oxide (N₂O) affected by the application of nitrogen fertilizer. However, since the concentration of N₂O emission from rice cultivation is very low, the QA/QC methods such as method detection and practical quantification limits are important. In this study, N₂O emission from a rice paddy was evaluated affected by the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, by taking into account both method detection and practical quantification limits for N₂O concentration. The N₂O emission from a rice paddy soils affected by the nitrogen fertilizer application was estimated in the following order. The method detection limit (MDL) of N₂O concentration was calculated at 95% confidence level based on the pooled standard deviation of concentration data sets using a standard gas with 98 nmol mol^-1 N₂O 10 times for 3 days. The practical quantification limit (PQL) of the N₂O concentration is estimated by multiplying 10 to the pooled standard deviation. For the N₂O flux data measured during the rice cultivation period in 2021, the MDL and PQL of N₂O concentration were 18 nmol mol^-1 and 87 nmol mol^-1, respectively. The measured values above the PQL were merely about 12% of the total data. The cumulative N₂O emission estimated based on the MDL and PQL was higher than the cumulative emission without nitrogen fertilizer application. This research would contribute to improving the reliability in quantification of the N₂O flux data for accurate estimates of greenhouse gas emissions and uncertainties.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.213-230
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• 2016

In O2O environment(Online-to-Offline), providers attract new customers via web sites and lead them to pay online, then induce them again to offline when receiving products. Thus, online and offline channel is integrated and create synergy for marketing in O2O context. As online and offline channel coexist in O2O, consumers' perceptions for products and services that providers offer cannot help being different compared to an independent channel (i.e., either online or offline). Therefore, this research aims to develop the O2O service quality model(O2O-SQ model). Especially, O2O is the unique environment where offline, online, and mobile commerce are integrated so that the current paper suggests the $1^{st}$ O2O-SQ model by integrating the common factors of offline, online, and mobile service quality model through the previous literature review. Hence, this study conducts FGI(Focus Group Interview) for customers who have experienced in purchasing products in O2O commerce. Among integrated common service quality factors of $1^{st}$ O2O-SQ model, the current paper identifies the specific service quality factors that customers perceive significantly through FGI analysis. Moreover, after extracting the unique O2O-SQ factors with this qualitative analysis and integrating with the $1^{st}$ O2O-SQ model, the paper develops the final O2O-SQ model.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.327-332
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to derive the differentiation and improvement measures of Kakao T through a usability evaluation centered on the service. In-depth interviews were conducted by first identifying the status of the mobility O2O service and reconfiguring the usability principles of the Honeycomb model, focusing on the functions and interfaces. First, there are problems driven from the imbalance in supply and demand as a mobility service, but it is likely to be improved through the addition of future features, carpooling. Second, problems were elicited for not recognizing the need for incorporated functions of Kakao T in the presence of existing functional-specific applications. Improvements derived based on this study are expected to help increase the convenience of users of mobility O2O services.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.1-23
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• 2018

A smart phone has been widely spread around world and makes people enjoy online shopping in any time and any place. Recently it also changes the distribution environment. O2O (Online-to-Offline) service becomes new normal due to its convenience of ease shopping of product and services. O2O service market shows steady and steep growth, It is reported that, however, 80% of the businesses has been discontinued within the first year because of unstable business models, customer dissatisfaction and distrust of service. Therefore, it is very important research issue to find out influential factors promoting continuous usage intention of O2O service. Previous study shows that it only considers online characteristics and lack of analysis about offline characteristics and social impact factors. The purpose of this paper is to find out continuous usage intention factors of O2O services by literature review, case analysis, and empirical test. A comprehensive research model and related hypothesis are developed and tested by using a structural equation, Survey was carried out among users who have used O2O service including payment service for at least once. Finally 611 samples are selected out of total 813 surveys. The result shows that the model is theoretically proved and 12 out of 17 hypotheses are accepted. The contribution of this paper is that it provides a new theoretical research model about continuous usage intention factors as well as practical guidelines about promoting continuous usage and growth strategies of O2O service.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2016

The all-in-one service, for example, mobile wallet enables users to have credit card, membership card, and coupon in one place. It has been one of important o2o services with offline payment. In order to take advantage of mobile commerce, it is necessary to authenticate clients automatically without entering their passwords. This paper proposes an automatic client authentication method in all-in-one service. At registration, clients receives and stores an authentication ticket from a company, which contains an user's identifier and password encrypted by company's symmetric key. Client can be authenticated by transferring authentication tickets to companies at service requests.