• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2003

Since the microstructure of functional thin films depends on the dispersion characteristics of dense slurry, it is important to control the agglomerative nature of slurries under processing. The present authors have been discussing the model prediction of agglomerative nature and local rate of agglomeration in dense suspensions. The experiments have been peformed under shear flow using the nearly spherical and oblate type graphite particles. In this study, the experiment has been conducted using water and glycerol as dispersion media. Stress control type rheometer was used to measure the slurry rheology. Local agglomeration of graphite particles has been predicted by using Usui's model. The experimental results show that both the shape and slurry processing method affect on the local dispersion condition. The agglomeration formed by oblate type graphite particles seems to be more difficult to break up than that of spherical particles.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.24 no.10
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• pp.1351-1358
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• 2000

Two dimensional aerosol dynamics considering the effects of particle generation, coagulation, thermophoresis, sintering and convection has been studied to obtain the growth of non-spherical silica particles in conjunction with determining flame temperature by performing combustion analysis of premixed flat flame. Heat and mass transfer analysis includes 16 species, 29 chemical reaction steps together with oxidation and hydrolysis of SiCl4. The effect of radiation heat loss has also been included. The predictions of flame temperatures and the evolution of particle size distributions were in a reasonable agreement with the existing experimental data.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.195-202
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• 2016

Direct laser melting(DLM) is an additive manufacturing process that can produce parts by solidification of molten metallic powder layer by layer. The properties of the fabricated parts strongly depend on characteristics of the metallic powder. Atomized powders having spherical morphology have commonly been used for DLM. Mechanical ball-milling is a powder processing technique that can provide non-spherical solid powders without melting. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of powder morphologies on the deposition quality in DLM. To characterize the morphological effect, the performances of spherical and non-spherical powders were compared using both single- and multi-track DLM experiments. DLM experiments were performed with various laser process parameters such as laser power and scan rate, and the deposition quality was evaluated. The surface roughness, cross-section bead shape and process defects such as balling or non-filled area were compared and discussed in this study.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.74 no.2
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• pp.297-311
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• 2020

The main purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of external pressure on the vibration and buckling of functionally graded (FG) spherical panels resting of elastic medium. The material characteristics of the FG sphere continuously vary through the thickness direction based on the power-law rule. In accordance with first-order shear deformation shell theory and by the use of Ritz formulation the governing equations are presented. In this regard, the beam functions are applied in two-dimensions for different sets of boundary supports. The Winkler and Pasternak models of elastic foundations are also taken into account. In order to show the validity and applicability of the presented formulation, various comparison studies are given. Furthermore, a diverse range of numerical results is reported to check the impacts of geometrical and material parameters along with external pressure on the vibration and buckling analysis of FG spherical panels.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.38 no.9
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• pp.1037-1041
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• 2014

Slurry used for polishing semiconductors processed by exchange, pressurization, and multi-step feeding has been studied to investigate the effect of the size and shape of slurry particles on the oxide CMP removal rate. First, spherical silica sol was prepared by the ion exchange method. The spherical silica particle was used as a seed to grow non-spherical silica sol in accordance with the multi-step feeding of silicic acid by the ion exchange and pressurization methods. The oxide removal rate of both non-spherical silica sol and commercially available slurry were compared with increasing average particle size in the oxide CMP. The more alkaline the pH level of the non-spherical silica sol, the higher was the removal rate and non-uniformity.

• Korean Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.241-253
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• 2021

Manganese nodules have been found in the shallow water depth of the Arctic Ocean as well as in the abyssal plains of the Pacific and Indian Oceans, but detailed study for them were rarely investigated. Manganese nodules, collected from the East Siberian Sea through the Arctic Expedition using Araon ice braking vessel, have a high potential for Mn mineral resources because they have high Mn content with high Mn/Fe ratio. This study investigated the external form, size and weight, internal texture for the non-spherical manganese nodule, which has about 7 % of total nodule from the East Siberian Sea. This study also researched the relative Mn-oxide mineral composition using the peak area ratio of X-ray diffraction pattern and their chemical composition. All data obtained from non-spherical nodules were compared with the spherical ones. Ellipsoidal, platy and irregular types are common among 5 groups of non-spherical manganese nodule based on the external form, and major axis and weight have positive relationship. All non-spherical manganese nodules have core mainly composed of mud sediments. The average Mn oxide mineral contents in nodules are birnessite, buserite and todorokite in descending order. Although mineral composition does not show any correlation with the external form, kind of core or internal structure, todorokite and buserite contents tend to increase and birnessite content decrease from the surface to the core in the nodule. Non-spherical manganese nodules have higher Mn content and Mn/Fe ratio than those from the shallow water depth of the Arctic Sea and even in the deep-sea of the Pacific and Indian Ocean. Although non-spherical nodule is larger and heavier, and has lower Mn content and Mn/Fe ratio than spherical nodule, there are not any differences in mineral composition and internal structure between them. Almost all manganese nodules collected from the East Siberian Sea are attributed to diagenetic process, because they are higher than 5 in Mn/Fe ratio.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 2001

Prediction of the maximum packing volume fraction with non-spherical particles has been one of the important problems in powder technology. The sphericity of fly ash particles depending on the particle diameter was measured by means of a CCD image processing instrument. An algorithm to predict the maximum packing volume fraction with non-spherical particles is proposed. The maximum packing volume fraction is used to predict the slurry viscosity under well dispersed conditions. For this purpose, Simha's cell model is applied for concentrated slurry with wide particle size distribution. Also, Usui's model developed for aggregative slurries is applied to predict the non-Newtonian viscosity of dense fly ash - water slurry. It is certified that the maximum packing volume fraction for non-spherical particles can be successfully used to predict slurry viscosity. The pressure drop in a pipe flow is predicted by using the non-Newtonian viscosity of dense fly ash-water slurry obtained by the present model. The predicted relationship between pressure drop and flow rate results in a good agreement with the experimented data obtained for a test rig with 50 mm inner diameter tube. Base on the design procedure proposed in this study, a feasibility study of fly ash hydraulic transportation system from a coal-fired power station to a controlled deposit site is carried out to give a future prospect of inexpensive fly ash transportation technology.

• Atmosphere
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.175-186
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• 2012

In this study, we investigate the effects of elliptical shape of Asian dust particles on the estimation of aerosol optical depth by implementing T-matrix method into WRF/Chem Dust Model. The phase function calculated by assuming elliptical particle shape near $110{\sim}160^{\circ}$ of scattering angle showed about 20 times larger than that calculated by assuming spherical particle shape. Significant difference of extinction efficiency was found with an increase of size parameter and aspect ratio. From the simulations of two Asian dust events occurred on 1 April 2007 and 16 March 2010, we found that the difference of extinction efficiency between elliptical and spherical particle shape was about 5~8%. The aerosol optical depth calculated by assuming elliptical particle shape with 1.6, 1.4 and 1.2 of aspect ratio was about $4.0{\pm}0.5%$, $2.0{\pm}0.2%$, and $1.0{\pm}0.1%$ larger than those estimated by assuming spherical particle shape.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.151-161
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• 1998

The odd spherical non-commutative tori $\mathbb{S}_{\omega}$ were defined in [2]. Assume that no non-trivial matrix algebra can be factored out of $\mathbb{S}_{\omega}$, and that the fibres are isomorphic to the tensor product of a completely irrational non-commutative torus with a matrix algebra $M_{km}(\mathbb{C})$. It is shown that the tensor product of $\mathbb{S}_{\omega}$ with the even Cuntz algebra $\mathcal{O}_{2d}$ has the trivial bundle structure if and, only if km and 2d - 1 are relatively prime, and that the tensor product of $\mathbb{S}_{\omega}$ with the generalized Cuntz algebra $\mathcal{O}_{\infty}$ has a non-trivial bundle structure when km > 1.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.27 no.1E
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• pp.30-34
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• 2008

An improvement to the existing blind signal separation (BSS) method has been made in this paper. The proposed method models the inherent signal dependency observed in acoustic object to separate the real-world convolutive sound mixtures. The frequency domain approach requires solving the well known permutation problem, and the problem had been successfully solved by a vector representation of the sources whose multidimensional joint densities have a certain amount of dependency expressed by non-spherical distributions. Especially for speech signals, we observe strong dependencies across neighboring frequency bins and the decrease of those dependencies as the bins become far apart. The non-spherical joint density model proposed in this paper reflects this property of real-world speech signals. Experimental results show the improved performances over the spherical joint density representations.