• 기본간호학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.146-154
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• 2018

Purpose: In this study, effects of positive, negative, and mixed verbal feedback were examined for accuracy of self-assessment, emotional responses, self-efficacy, and perceived quality of feedback in skill performance assessment. Methods: Participants were a convenience sample of 104 second-year nursing students who had completed their fundamentals of nursing class. Participants were assigned randomly to a positive, a negative or a mixed feedback group. All participants completed the performance measure and then received the assigned the type of feedback from an evaluator. After delivery of feedback, they assessed their own performance using the same sheet as the evaluator and completed the survey for emotional response, self-efficacy for learning, and quality of feedback. Results: There were no significant differences in accuracy of self-assessment and perceived quality of feedback among the three groups ($x^2=4.74$, p=.094; $x^2=3.30$, p=.192, respectively). The negative feedback group had significantly lower self-efficacy and positive emotions and more negative emotions than the other two groups (F=9.43, p=.009; $x^2=16.29$, p<.001; $x^2=5.69$, p=.005, respectively). Conclusion: Negative feedback can affect emotions and motivations for learning in nursing students and may interfere with the effectiveness of feedback, so instructors should pay more attention when providing negative feedback. Mixed feedback with an effect similar to positive feedback could be an alternative.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.457-462
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• 2014

This letter proposes a low-jitter DLL-based clock generator with two negative feedback loops. The main negative feedback loops suppress the jitter of DLL. The additional negative feedback loops suppress the delay-time variance of each delay stages. Both two negative feedback loops in a DLL results in suppressing the jitter of clock signal further. Measurement results of the DLL-based clock generator with two negative feedback loops fabricated in a one-poly six-metal $0.18{\mu}m$ CMOS process show 5.127-ps rms jitter and 47.6-ps peak-to-peak jitter at 1 GHz.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.151-171
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• 2003

This paper critically reviewed the role of negative feedback in second language acquisition with a focus on recasts based on the findings of recent research investigating the effects of recasts on second language acquisition. First, recasts as negative feedbacks or negative evidence were reviewed in terms of Pinker's four criteria: the evidence of existence, availability, use, and necessity of recasts in second language acquisition. Second, the issue of the nature of recasts, whether they have benefits in SLA as a negative or positive evidence, was discussed with reference to Leeman(2003)'s research findings. Then, in relation to availability and use of recasts, the issue of the extent that they are noticed by learners was reviewed based on the findings from Philp(2003)'s study. Finally, the limitations of these two studies and the research orientation of future study were mentioned.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a vibration feedback system in improving two safe seating postures of office workers. In addition, the relative effectiveness of positive and negative feedback procedures was examined. Participants were four office workers. The dependent variables were the percentages of time participants spent in the safe sitting postures including shoulder, back, and overall body positions during the experimental sessions. A multiple-baseline design counterbalanced across participants was adopted. For two participants, the negative procedure was introduced first after baseline and positive procedure was introduced in the next phase. For the other two participants, the sequence of introducing the positive and negative feedback procedures was reversed. The result showed that the vibration feedback system, regardless of the type of the procedure, was effective in improving the safe sitting postures for all participants. However, the difference between the two procedures was not clearly shown. The benefits of the automated observation and vibration feedback system in workers' safety were discussed.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2014

모바일 콘텐츠 사용에 있어서 Alert형태의 피드백은 사용자로부터 사용 중인 콘텐츠에서 간섭을 발생시킨 콘텐츠로 이탈을 유도한다. 본 논문에서는 콘텐츠 사용에 있어서 피드백과 몰입간의 상호관계에 대한 연구에 기초가 될 수 있는 기능성 게임을 설계 및 구현하였다. 사용자 정보를 바탕으로 긍정적, 부정적, 혼합형 등 3가지 유형의 피드백을 제시하는 구조로 설계되었다. 제시되는 피드백 요소들이 콘텐츠 사용의 몰입에 주는 영향에 대한 실험을 진행 하였다. 실험을 통해 부정적 피드백이 긍정적 피드백보다 더 높은 간섭을 가져오고, 부정적 피드백과 긍정적 피드백이 혼합되어 사용되는 경우 부정적 피드백에 대한 몰입을 가중시키는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.167-172
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• 2023

본 논문에서는 3개의 부궤환 루프를 가진 저잡음 위상고정루프를 제안하였다. 기존 구조의 위상고정루프는 하나의 부궤환 루프로 구성되어 있어 잡음 특성 개선이 쉽지 않다. 추가된 부궤환 루프는 지터 특성을 결정하는 전압제어발진기의 입력 전압 크기를 줄여주는 역할을 하여 기존 구조로 쉽지 않은 잡음 특성 개선을 가능하게 해준다. 시뮬레이션 결과는 부궤환 루프가 추가될 때마다 지터 특성이 개선되는 것을 보여주고 있다. 전력의 경우 10% 정도 약간 상승하게 되지만, 지터 특성은 2배 정도 개선된다. 제안된 위상고정루프는 1.8V 180nm CMOS 공정을 이용하여 Hspice로 시뮬레이션 하였다.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.365-376
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• 2020

Nonalcoholic fatty liver is a type of fatty liver in which fat accumulates in the liver without alcohol. In the accumulation, Nrf1 and miR-378 genes play very important role, so called negative feedback loop, in which the two genes suppress the other's production. In other words, Nrf1 activates fatty acid oxidation which promotes fat consumption in the liver, while miR-378 deactivates fatty acid oxidation. Thus, both genes regulate nonalcoholic fatty liver. In this paper, the negative feedback loop of Nrf1 and miR-378 are expressed by a system of ordinary differential equations. And, bifurcation simulation shows the change in the amount of each gene with significant parameter range changes. Bifurcation simulation has also used to determine the thresholds for transit between disease and steady state.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.7-15
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• 1973

부귀환펄스선형증폭기에 단계전압과 방사능검출기에서 나오는 펄스와 같이 빠른 펄스를 인가하였을 경우의 이득 안정도에 관하여 해석하였고 실험하였다. 이들 빠른 입력전압이 부귀환증폭기에 인가되면 출력전압의 선형도와 안정도는 증폭기의 rise time의 수배가 경과하여야 부귀효과가 나타난다. 이 제한을 주리기 위하여는 부귀환증폭기의 rise time을 계측할려는 입력펄스의 폭보다 적도록 설계하여야 한다는 것을 표시하였다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1985년도 하계학술회의논문집
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• pp.341-343
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• 1985

In designing the high frequency oscillator with FET, it may be necessary to make the FFT unstable using feedback. For convenient realization, sir feedback type is usually employed. It is convenient to determine the load which makes oscillation possible, with the contour plot of the negative resistance of the FET positively feedback for each type. Analytic formulas are given for this contour plot in this paper, and the results are discussed.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.811-818
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• 2016

추가적인 부궤환 루프를 가지는 연속 미세 조절 위상 고정루프를 소개하였다. 위상고정루프가 위상이 고정되지 않았을 때 위상고정루프는 연속적인 밴드 선택 루프를 통하여 빠르게 위상을 고정시키는 특성을 가지고 있다. 위상고정루프가 고정 상태에 다다랐을 때 밴드 폭은 미세한 루프를 통해서 좁아진다. 추가적인 부궤환 루프는 안정성과 위상여유 성능을 향상시킨다. 0.18um CMOS 공정으로 제작한 위상고정루프의 결과 측정은 위상 잡음이 742.8MHz 캐리어 주파수로부터 2MHz 오프셋 주파수에서 -109.6dBc/Hz을 보여준다.