• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.143-150
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• 2010

This study showed the increase of antitumor activities of water soluble E. sinica extract by nano-encapsulation process with lecithin. Five groups of lecithin only group (LO), lecithin nano-encapsulated E. sinica group (LE), E. sinica only group (EO), one negative control group (NCO) and positive control group (PCO) were set for several anticancer experiment and fed into Sarcoma-180 injected mice. The cytotoxicity of LE on the human normal kidney cell (HEK293) showed 14.8% lower than 19.2% of EO and 18.4% of LO. Growth of human liver carcinoma cell and human stomach carcinoma cell as representative of digestive system in vitro was inhibited up to about 85.1% and 87.3%, in adding 1.0 mg/$m{\ell}$ of LE, which values 15% higher than that from conventional EO. The survival rates of each mice group were 40%, 63%, 48%, 33% and 100%, respectively after 40 days of injecting Sarcoma-180. The increment of their body weights of the extract feeding groups was suppressed down to 10~15%, compared to the negative control. The nano-particles also reduced the hypertrophy of the internal organs such as spleen and liver down to 15~20%, compared to those as the other groups. Among them, LE effectively reduced the size of tumor form to 20%. From these results, in vitro and in vivo antitumor activities of E. sinica could be enhanced by using nano-encapsulation process with lecithin because of better permeation into the cancer cells by confocal observations.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.100 no.1
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• pp.14-24
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• 2011

Anticancer activity of Acer mono aqueous extracts was enhanced by nano-encapsulation process of gelatin. The cytotoxicity on human normal lung cell (HEL299) of the extracts from WE (water extract at 100) showed 23.51%, lower than that from NE (nano-encapsulatioin of water extract of Acer mono) in adding the maximum concentration of 1.0 mg/mL. NE showed more potent scavenging effect as 73.15% than the WE. On SOD-like test, the NE showed highest activity as 32.33% at 1.0 mg/mL concentration. Human stomach adenocarcinoma, liver adenocarcinoma, breast adenocarcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma cell growth were inhibited up to about 59-73%, in adding 1.0 mg/mL of NE. NE was 15% higher than conventional water extraction. Among several cancer cell lines (stomach adenocarcinoma, liver adenocarcinoma), the growth of digestive related cancer cells were most effectively inhibited as about 71-73%. The size of nano particles was in the ranges of 100-200 nm, which can effectively the penetrate into the cells, it was observed by real time confocal microscope. It tells that the aqueous extracts of Acer mono bark could be definitely enhanced by nano-encapsulation process.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.61 no.6
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• pp.311-319
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• 2017

By using Density Functional Theory (DFT), we have performed alkali metal and alkaline earth metal inside fullerene-like BeO cluster (FLBeOC) in terms of energetic, geometric, charge transfer, work function and electronic properties. It has been found that encapsulated processes of the alkali metal are exothermic and thermodynamically more favorable than alkaline earth metal encapsulation, so that interaction energy ($E_{int}$) of the alkali metal encapsulation FLBeOC is in the range of -0.02 to -1.15 eV at level of theory. It is found that, the electronic properties of the pristine fullerene-like BeO cluster are much more sensitive to the alkali metal encapsulation in comparison to alkaline earth metal encapsulation. The alkali and alkaline earth metal encapsulated fullerene-like BeO cluster systems exhibit good sensitivity, promising electronic properties which may be useful for a wide variety of next-generation nano-sensor device components. The encapsulation of alkali and alkali earth metal may increase the electron emission current from the FLBeOC surface by reducing of the work function.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.10
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• pp.1373-1382
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• 2021

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are a group of bacteria that can increase plant growth; but due to unfavorable environmental conditions, PGPR are biologically unstable and their survival rates in soil are limited. Therefore, the suitable application of PGPR as a plant growth stimulation is one of the significant challenges in agriculture. This study presents an intelligent formulation based on Bacillus velezensis VRU1 encapsulation enriched with nanoparticles that was able to control Rhizoctonia solani on the bean. The spherical structure of the capsule was observed based on the Scanning Electron Microscope image. Results indicated that with increasing gelatin concentration, the swelling ratio and moisture content were increased; and since the highest encapsulation efficiency and bacterial release were observed at a gelatin concentration of 1.5%, this concentration was considered in mixture with alginate for encapsulation. The application of this formulation which is based on encapsulation and nanotechnology appears to be a promising technique to deliver PGPR in soil and is more effective for plants.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.191-197
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• 2011

In this study, we investigated antioxidant activities and whitening effects of Acer mono sap by encapsulation of nanoparticles. Acer mono sap was through ultra high pressure process and then encapsulated by lecithin. Nano-encapsulated The nanoparticles of Acer mono sap showed highest free radical scavengering effect as 89.7% in adding sample (1.0 mg/ml), compared to sap of non-encapsulation. It was showed strong inhibition effect on melanin production test by Clone M-3 cells as 47.8%. High inhibitory of tyrosinase was also measured as 85.8% by adding lecithin nano-particle of 1.0 mg/ml. The nano-particles also showed 14.8% of low cytotoxicity against human normal fibroblast cells in adding 1.0 mg/ml of the highest concentration. These results indicate that Acer mono sap may be a source of cosmetic agents capable of improving whitening effect and antioxidant activites.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.08a
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• pp.973-976
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• 2006

In this paper, the inorganic multi-layer encapsulation of thin film was newly adopted to protect the organic layer from moisture and oxygen. Using the electron beam, Sputter, inorganic multi-layer thin-film encapsulation was deposited onto the Ethylene Terephthalate(PET) and their interface properties between inorganic and organic layer were investigated. In this investigation, the SiON $SiO_2$ and parylene layer showed the most suitable properties. Under these conditions, the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) for PET can be reduced from level of $0.57g/m^2/day$ (bare substrate) to $1^{\ast}10^{-5}g/m^2/day$ after application of a SiON and $SiO_2$ layer. These results indicate that the $PET/SiO_2/SiON/Parylene$ barrier coatings have high potential for flexible organic light-emitting diode(OLED) applications.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.926-930
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• 2009

A new method for encapsulating nanomaterials within intermediary layer cross-linked (ILCL) polymeric micelles using a bifunctional photo-cross-linking agent was developed. For ILCL polymeric micelles, an amphiphilic triblock copolymer of poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PEG-PHEMA-PMMA) was synthesized via consecutive atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), Di(4-hydroxyl benzophenone) dodecanedioate (BPD) was used as a bifunctional photo-cross-linking agent. The PMMA-tethered Au nanoparticles and BPD, or pyrene and BPD were encapsulated in the PEG-PHEMA-PMMA micelles, and their intermediary layers were photo-cross-linked by UV irradiation for 1 h. The HEMA units donated labile hydrogens to the excited-state benzophenone groups in BPD, and they were subsequently cross-linked by BPD through radical-radical combination. The spherical structures of the PEG-PHEMA-PMMA micelles containing the Au nanoparticles or pyrene were unaffected by the photo-cross-linking process.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.99-104
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• 2008

PLGA micro/nano particles encapsulating ranitidine as a hydrophilic model drug were prepared by the double-emulsion solvent evaporation method. Surface morphology investigation by scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that the emulsification by sonication could produce nanoparticles, whereas microparticles were prepared using high speed homogenizer. Moreover, while nanohalf-shell structure instead of spherical nanoparticle could be produced by adding poloxamer into oil phase (MC) with PLGA 504H, the addition of poloxamer didn't change particle shape in case of PLGA 502H. On the other hand, microparticle with poloxamer had more surface pores than those without poloxamer. The size and polydispersity (PDI) of particles were determined by particle size analyzer. Effective diameters of particles were in the range of $400{\sim}800\;nm$ and $1200{\sim}3300\;nm$ in case of nanoparticles and microparticles, respectively. Encapsulation efficiencies were in the range of $1.2{\sim}2.9%$. The addition of poloxamer produced the particles with higher encapsulation efficiency. In vitro release study in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) at $37^{\circ}C$ showed common large initial burst release. However, the relative slower release profile could be observed in case of microparticles. Poloxamer addition increased the release rate, which was thought to be related to the increased surface area of particles.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.26-34
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• 2016

In this study, core-crosslinked amphiphilic polymer (CCAP) nanoparticles prepared using a reactive amphiphilic polymer precursor (RARP) were used for preparing some valuable compounds encapsulated polymer nanoparticles with high payload through nanoprecipitation process. Various solvents (acetone, ethanol, and THF) having different polarity and CCAP nanoparticles prepared using different amphiphilicity were used for the preparation of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol encapsulated polymer nanoparticles to investigate their effects on the encapsulation efficiency, payload, nanoparticle size, and stability. CCAP dissolved in hydrophobic solvent, THF, could form ${\alpha}$-tocopherol encapsulated polymer nanoparticles dispersed in water with the high payload of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol and encapsulation efficiency. Because of their physically and chemically robust nano-structure originated from crosslinking of the hydrophobic core, CCAP nanoparticles could encapsulate ${\alpha}$-tocopherol with the high payload (33 wt%) and encapsulation efficiency (97%), and form 70 nm-sized stable nanoparticles in water.

• Proceedings of the Polymer Society of Korea Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.217-217
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• 2006

The surface energy control capability of electrohydrodynamic force provides electrospraying with various potential advantages such as simple particle size control, mono-dispersity, high recovery, and mild processing conditions. Herein, the one step nano-encapsulation of protein drugs using electrospraying was developed. The major processing parameters such as the conductivity of spraying liquids, flow rate, the distance between electric potentials, etc were examined to obtain the maximum efficiency. The recovery of particles was found relatively high as could be conjectured based on the principle of electrospraying. When organic solvents were employed, the processing windows of electrospraying were relatively narrow than water systems. Efficient nano-encapsulation of BSA with polymers was conveniently achieved using electrospraying at above 12 kV.