• 대한수학회지
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.945-954
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• 2015

Let ${\lambda}_f(n)$ denote the n-th normalized Fourier coefficient of a primitive holomorphic form f for the full modular group ${\Gamma}=SL_2({\mathbb{Z}})$. In this paper, we are concerned with ${\Omega}$-result on the summatory function ${\sum}_{n{\leqslant}x}{\lambda}^2_f(n^2)$, and establish the following result ${\sum}_{\leqslant}{\lambda}^2_f(n^2)=c_1x+{\Omega}(x^{\frac{4}{9}})$, where $c_1$ is a suitable constant.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.1053-1066
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• 2010

In this paper, several properties of endomorphism rings of modules are investigated. A multiplication module M over a commutative ring R induces a commutative ring $M^*$ of endomorphisms of M and hence the relation between the prime (maximal) submodules of M and the prime (maximal) ideals of $M^*$ can be found. In particular, two classes of ideals of $M^*$ are discussed in this paper: one is of the form $G_{M^*}\;(M,\;N)\;=\;\{f\;{\in}\;M^*\;|\;f(M)\;{\subseteq}\;N\}$ and the other is of the form $G_{M^*}\;(N,\;0)\;=\;\{f\;{\in}\;M^*\;|\;f(N)\;=\;0\}$ for a submodule N of M.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.53-65
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• 1986

The montane forests of Ulreung Island, Korea, were investigated by the ZM school method. By comparing the montane forests of this island with those of Korean Peninsula and of Japan, a new order, F a g e t a l i a m u l t i n e r v i s, a new alliance, F a l g i o n m u l t i n e r v i s, a new association, H e p a t i c o-F a g e t u m m u l t i n e r v i s and Rhododendron brachycarpum-Pinus parviflora community were recognized. The H e p a t i c o - F a g e t u m m u l t i n e r v i s was further subdivided into four subassociations; Subass. of Sasa kurilensis, Subass. of Rumohra standishii, Subass. of Rhododendron brachycarpum and Subass. of typicum. Each community was described in terms of floristic, structural and environmental features.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-23
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• 1989

Let $S_p*({\alpha},{\beta},{\mu})$ denote the class of functions $f(z)=z^p-{\sum}{\limit}^{\infty}_{n=1}a_{p+n}\;z^{p+n}(a_{p+n}{\geq}o,\;p{\in}N)$ analytic and p-valent in the unit disc $U=\{z:{\mid}z{\mid}<1\}$ and satisfy the condition $${\mid}\frac{\frac{zf'(z)}{f(z)}-p}{\mu\frac{zf'(z)}{f(z)}+p-(1+\mu)\alpha}\mid<\beta,\;z{\in}U$$, where $o{\leq}{\alpha} and $o\leq\mu\leq1$. Further f(z) is said to belong to the class $C_p*({\alpha},{\beta},{\mu})\;if\;zf'(z)/p{\in}S_p*(\alpha,\beta,\mu)$. In this paper we obtain for these classes sharp results concerning coefficient estimates, disortion theorems, closure theorems, Hadamard products and some distortion theorems for the fractional calculus.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.305-311
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• 2023

We exhibit some properties of the weighted Berezin transform T_αf on L^∞(B_n) and on L¹(B_n). As the main result, we prove that if f ∈ L^∞(B_n) with lim_k→∞ T^k_αf exists, then there exist unique M-harmonic function g and $h{\in}{\bar{(I-T_{\alpha})L^{\infty}(B_n)}}$ such that f = g + h. We also show that of the norm of weighted Berezin operator T_α on L¹(B_n, ν) converges to 1 as α tends to infinity, where ν is an ordinary Lebesgue measure.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.8-25
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• 1994

본 시험은 누에 일대잡종육종에 있어 양질다사량 우량품종을 육성하기 위한 유전적 정보를 얻고자 수행되었다. 공급재료는 특성이 각각 다른 일, 중, 구 3개지역 6개 품종을 정역으로 이면교잡시켜 F1, F2 각각 30조합으로서 실용형질에 대한 육종가를 얻기 위해 교배조합별 잡종강세 및 조합능력의 검정한 결과는 다음과 같았다. 1. 형질들의 잡종강세는 사질형질인 견사량, 견사장에서 각각 24.51% 및 23.43%로 높았고, 견질형질인 전사종 및 사층중은 15.56%~15.71%, 17.14%~19.01%로서 유의한 강세를 보였으나 유충경과일수 등(5령 및 전령)에서는 부의 잡종강세를 나타내어 그 이용이 유의하였다. 2. 교배조합간의 잡종강세는 5령경과일수의 경우 C70 X Romogua, N9 X Romogua 조합이 높은 부의 강세현상을 보여 사육일수가 단축되는 방향으로, 전견중은 N9 X Romogua, N9 X Romogua 조합이 높은 강세현상을 보여 사육일수가 단축되는 방향으로, 전견중은 N9 X Sansurian의 암, Romogua X Sansurian의 수, 견층중은 암수에 관계없이, N9 X Sansurian의 견사장과 견사량에서는 Sansurian X Romogua의 정역간 교잡에서 각각 높았다. 3. 잡종강세의 모본효과는 N9 X C5, N63 X C70이 전견중과 견층중에서, 견사장에서는 Sansurian이 N63, C5 및 C70과 교잡될 때, 또한 견사량에서는 N9 X C70, N63 X C70이 각각 큰 경향이었다. 4. F1의 조합능력에서 분사량은 GCA, SCA 및 RCA의 전형질에서 유의하여 F1의 조합능력은 상가적 효과와 비상가적 효과가 함께 작용하였으나 형질에 따른 정역간 차이도 컸었다. 5. GCA의 효과는 경과일수에서는 Sansurian이 N9, C5가 견질형질(견장, 견폭, 전견중, 전층중 및 견층비율)과 사질형질(견사장, 견자량 및 생사량비율)에서 세대에 관계없이 높은 정의 효과를 나타내었다. 6. F1의 SCA효과에서 5령경과일수는 Sansurian X C70, romogua X C70, Sansurian X C5, Romogua X C5 등 구주종계와 중국종계간의 교잡에서 전견중과 견층중은 N9 X C5, C70 X Sansurian 이 암수에 관계없이, 또한 Rogmogua X Sansurian, N9 X C5가 F1, F2 간에, 견사량은 Romogua X N63 조합에서, 생사량비율은 Sansurian X Romogua 조합에서 각각 높게 평가되었다.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.235-249
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• 1995

Let K be a bounded linear operator from Hilbert space $H_1$ into Hilbert space $H_2$. When numerically solving the first kind equation Kf = g, one usually picks n orthonormal functions $\phi_1, \phi_2,...,\phi_n$ in $H_1$ which depend on the numerical method and on the problem, see Varah [12] for more details. Then one findes the unique minimum norm element $f_M \in M$ that satisfies $\Vert K f_M - g \Vert = inf {\Vert K f - g \Vert : f \in M}$, where M is the linear span of $\phi_1, \phi_2,...,\phi_n$. Such a solution $f_M \in M$ is called the M-solution of K f = g. Some methods for finding the M-solution of K f = g were proposed by Banks [2] and Marti [9,10]. See [5,6,8] for convergence results comparing the M-solution of K f = g with $f_0$, the least squares solution of minimum norm (LSSMN) of K f = g.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제30권11호
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• pp.717-721
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• 2017

We studied the performance enhancement of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) using 2,3,5,6-fluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane ($F_4-TCNQ$) as the hole-transport layer. To investigate how $F_4-TCNQ$ affects the device performance, we fabricated a reference device in an ITO (170 nm)/TPD(40 nm)/$Alq_3$(60 nm)/LiF(0.5 nm)/Al(100 nm) structure. Several types of test devices were manufactured by either doping the $F_4-TCNQ$ in the TPD layer or forming a separate $F_4-TCNQ$ layer between the ITO anode and TPD layer. N,N'-diphenyl-N,N'-di(m-tolyl)-benzidine (TPD), tri(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum ($Alq_3$), and $F_4-TCNQ$ layers were formed by thermal evaporation at a pressure of $10_{-6}$ torr. The deposition rate was $1.0-1.5{\AA}/s$ for TPD and $Alq_3$. The LiF was subsequently thermally evaporated at a deposition rate of $0.2{\AA}/s$. The performance of the OLEDs was considered with respect to the turn-on voltage, luminance, and current efficiency. It was found that the use of $F_4-TCNQ$ in OLEDs enhances the performance of the device. In particular, the use of a separate layer of $F_4-TCNQ$ realizes better device performance than other types of OLEDs.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.67-71
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• 2009

문자열 불포함 문제에 대한 연구는 최근 들어 여러 분야에서 활발히 진행되어 왔다. 문자열 집합 F가 주어질 때, F 내의 어떤 문자열도 포함하지 않는 문자열을 F에 대한 공통비상위문자열이라 하고 공통비상위문자열 중에서 가장 긴 유한길이의 문자열을 최장공통비상위문자열이라한다. 본 논문에서는 공통비상위문자열과 관련된 연구 결과들을 제시한다. 먼저 기존의 공통비상위문자열에 대한 접미사 그래프 모델과 달리 접두사를 이용하여 직관적인 그래프 모델링이 가능함을 증명한다. 다음으로, 상수 크기의 알파벳에 대해 정의된 문자열 집합 F의 모든 문자열들의 길이의 합을 N라 할 때 O(N)시간에 접두사 그래프를 생성하고 이를 이용하여 최장공통비상위문자열을 찾는 알고리즘을 제시한다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.53-57
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• 2016

Major diseases in grafted cacti have been reported and Fusarium oxysporum, Bipolaris cactivora, Phytophthora spp. and Collectotrichum spp. are known as causal pathogens. These pathogens can lead to plant death after infection. Therefore, some European countries have quarantined imported cacti that are infected with specific fungal pathogens. Consequently, we developed PCR detection methods to identify four quarantined fungal pathogens and reduce export rejection rates of Korean grafted cacti. The pathogen specific primer sets F.oF-F.oR, B.CF-B.CR, P.nF-P.nR, and P.cF-P.CR were tested for F. oxysporum, B.cactivora, P. nicotinae, and P. cactorum, respectively. The F.oF-F.oR primer set was designed from the Fusarium ITS region; the B.CF-B.CR and P.nF-P.nR primers respectively from Bipolaris and Phytophthora ITS1; and the P.cF-P.CR primer set from the Ypt1protein gene region. The quarantine fungal pathogen primer pairs were amplified to the specific number of base pairs in each of the following fungal pathogens: 210-bp (F. oxysporum), 510-bp (B. cactivora), 313-bp (P. nicotinae), and 447-bp (P. cactorum). The detection limit for the mono- and multiplex PCR primer sets was 0.1 ng of template DNA under in vitro conditions. Therefore, each primer set successfully diagnosed contamination of quarantine pathogens in export grafted cacti. Consequently, our methodology is a viable tool to screen contamination of the fungal pathogen in exported grafted cacti.