• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.486-492
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• 2003

To certify the protective effect of herbal medicine on myocardial damage against oxygen free radical-induced myocardiotoxicity, cytotoxicity was measured using by MTT assay, LDH activity and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) assay in the presence of Guaruhaebaekbaekju-tang(GHBT) extracts or single constituents of this prescription, Myocardial toxicity was evaluated in neonatal rat myocardiocytes in cultures. In the present study, xanthine oxidase/hypoxanthine (XO/HX) resulted in a decrease in cell viability, an increase in LDH activity in culture medium and lipid peroxidation in cultured myocardial cells, In the effect of GHBT extract, it showed the prevention from the XO/HX-induced cardiotoxicity such as the decrease of LDH activity and lipid peroxidation. In the protective effect of Fructus Trichosanthis (FT) and Bulbus Allii Macrostemi (BAM), all the extracts were significantly effective in the protection of XO/HX-induced cardiotoxocity in cultured myocardial cells. From these results, they show that XO/HX is cardiotoxic in cultured myocardial cells derived from neonatal rats, and it suggests that GHBT, FT and BAM extracts are positively effective in the blocking XO/HX-induced cardiotoxicity.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.662-665
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• 2003

To examine the cytotoxicity of reactive oxygen species in cultured rat myocardial cells, cytotoxic effect was determined by MTT assay after cultured cells were incubated for 4 hours in the media containing 1～30μM of H₂O₂. And also, the protective effect of Drynariae Rhizoma(DR) was determined in these cultrures. Cell viability was significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner after exposure of 15 μM H₂O₂ to cultured rat myocardials for 4 hours. In the protective effect of DR, DR prevented the H₂O₂-induced cytotoxicity in these cultures. From these results, it suggests that H₂O₂ has toxic effect in cultured mouse myocardial cells and DR has protective effect on the cytotoxicity induced by H₂O₂.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.1-19
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• 1998

Ultrastructural study of the development of the atrioventricular (AV) node was studied by electron microscopy in human fetus ranging from 30 mm to 260 mm crown rump length, and compared with human adult. By 30 mm fetus, the right AV nodal primordium was located below the attachment of the right venous valve. The left AV nodal primordium was observed below the attachment of septum primum. The cytoplasm of the nodal primordia contained few mitochondria, and myofibrils. These cells were apposed to each other with occasional desmosomes. In 40 mm fetus, the AV node cells were poorly organized myofibrils, while working myocardial cells were well organized myofibrils with sarcomere. At 70 mm fetus, intercalated discs were developed in the working myocardial cells. At 100 mm fetus, the nodal cells contained a relatively clear cytoplasm with a few groups of myofibrils and mitochondria. By $140\sim200$ mm fetuses, the nodal cells were an increasing number of myofibrils and mitochondria and these were scattered throughout the cytoplasm. At 260 mm fetus, the nodal cells were small and contained a clear cytoplasm with sparse and poorly organized myofibrils and mitochondria. All major ultrastructural features which characterize the adult AV nodal cells were found in this stage. The working myocardial cells were larger and had a more compact cytoarchitecture than nodal cells. Zonula adherens or fasciae adherens type junction were not found between nodal cells, but they frequently observed between nodal and working myocardial cells.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.289-295
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• 2002

To certify the protective effect of herbal medicine against oxygen free radical-induced myocardiotoxicity, cytotoxicity was measured using MTT, LDH activity and Beating rate assay in the presence of Guaruhaebaekbanha-tang(GHBT) extracts or single constituents of this prescription. Myocardial toxicity was evaluated in neonatal rat myocardiocytes in cultures. In the present study, xanthine oxidase/hypoxanthine(XO/HX) resulted in a decrease in cell viability, increases in LDH activity in culture medium and decreases in beating rate in cultured myocardial cells. In the effect of GHBT extract, it showed the prevention from the XO/HX-induced cardiotoxicity by the increases of cell viability and beating rate as well as the decrease of LDH activity. In the protective effect of Fructus Trichosanthis(FT), Bulbus Allii Macrostemi(BAM) and Rhizoma Pinelliae(RP), all the extracts were significantly effective in the protection of XO/HX-induced cardiotoxocity in cultured myocardial cells by the increase of beating rate as well as th decrease of LDH activity. From these results, they show that XO/HX is cardiotoxic in cultured myocardial cells derived from neonatal rat, and it suggests that GHBT, FT, SAM, RP extracts are positively effective in the blocking in XO/HX-induced cardiotoxicity.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.1031-1036
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• 2003

To certify the protective effect of herbal medicine against oxygen free radical-induced myocardiotoxicity, cytotoxicity was measured using TBARS assay and Beating rate in the presence of Tongryeong-san(TRS) extracts or single constituents of this prescription. Myocardial toxicity was evaluated in neonatal rat myocardiocytes in cultures. In the present study, xanthine oxidase/hypoxanthine (XO/HX) resulted in a increase in lipid peroxidation and decreases in beating rate in cultured myocardial cells. In the effect of TRS extract, it showed the prevention from the XO/HX-induced cardiotoxicity by the increases of beating rate as well as the decrease of lipid peroxidation, In the protective effect of Faeces Trogopterori(FT), Pollen Typhae(PT), Caulis Akebiae(CA) and Radix Paeoniae Rubra(PRR), all the extracts were significantly effective in the protection of XO/HX-induced cardiotoxocity in cultured myocardial cells by the increase of beating rate as well as th decrease of lipid peroxidation. From these results, they show that XO/HX is cardiotoxic in cultured myocardial cells derived from neonatal rat, and it suggests that TRS, FT, PT, CA and PRR extracts are positively effective in the blocking in XO/HX-induced cardiotoxicity.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.111-119
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• 1988

효소와 기계적인 힘을 이용하여 얻어진 심장세포를 심근세포와 내피세포를 분리하여 48시간 배양한 후 양군으로 나눠서 관찰하였다. 실험군은 배양중에 10% DMSO에 1시간 처리하였고 DMSO를 처리하지 않고 계속 배양한 것을 대조군으로 하였다. DMSO효과를 관찰하기 위하여 도립현미경하에서 세포의 형태, 수축능력, 증식 능력등을 관찰하였고, 심근세포에서는 succinate dehydrogenase 반응으로 사립체의 증감을 대조군과 비교하였고, 심장내과세포에서는 thiamine pyrophosphatase의 반응으로 Golgi의 양을 대조군으로 비교하였다. 실험 결과를 요약하연 다음과 같다. 1. DMSO에 의하여 심근세포는 분화된 형태로 모양이 길어졌고 사립체의 증가에 의해 succinate dehydrogenase의 반응이 대조군보마 강하게 나타났다. 2. DMSO에 의해 심근세포는 근세섬유의 파괴와 혼란이 초래되었고 이로 인하여 수축능력이 감소되었다. 3. 심장내과 세포는 DMSO에 의해 세포증식이 감소되고 고유기능이 강조되어 Golgi의 표지효소안 thiamine pyrophosphatase의 반응이 대조군보다 강하였다. 4. 심장내과세포는 DMSO의 세포접착력 소실과 운동성 소실작용에 의해 배양중 많은 세포의 손실이 초래되었다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.121-130
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• 1997

It has been demonstrated that majority of cells in the mammalian body such as myocytes and epithelial cells of skin and intestine respond to mechanical force or environmental factors and exhibit partial disruption of cell membrane, i. e., cell wounding, even in a physiological condition. Myocardial cells are rather apt to be wounded than other cells since they are definitely exposed to mechanical stress by contraction-relaxation and blood flow. However, the mechanism how myocardial cells protect themselves against cell wounding is not yet clarified. On this background, the present study was performed to elucidate whether albumin leakage is related to cell wounding and to assess whether diltiazem, a potent calcium channel blocker, is beneficial in isoproterenol-induced cell wounding in the heart. Hearts isolated from New Zealand White rabbits ($1.5\sim2.0kg$ body weight, n=20) were perfused with Tyrode solution by Langendorff technique. After stabilization of baseline hemodynamics, the hearts were subjected to bolus administration of isoproterenol and diltiazem as following order: $1.6{\mu}M$ isoproterenol at zero min (the beginning point): $16{\mu}M$ diltiazem at 20min; $1.6{\mu}M$ isoproterenol at 25min; $16{\mu}M$ isoproterenol at 45 min; $160{\mu}M$ diltiazem at 65 min; $16{\mu}M$ isoproterenol at 70 min. During all experiments, the left ventricular function was recorded, albumin leakage in the coronary effluents was analyzed by electrophoresis and Western blot, and myocardial cell membranes were examined by conventional transmission electron microscopy. Data were analyzed by t-test and linear regression test. Isoproterenol significantly increased the inotropic and chronotropic contractions, coronary flow, and frequency of arrhythmia, however, diltiazem did not influence on hemodynamics except decrease in the frequency of arrhythmia and a slight decrease in contractility. Isoproterenol also resulted partial disruption of myocardial cell membrane and inclose in albumin leakage, while diltiazem pretreatment showed number of electron-dense plaques in the cell membrane and a tendency of decrease in albumin leakage. These results indicate that albumin leakage may be an indirect index of cell wounding in the heart and diltiazem nay be beneficial to protect myocardial cells against isoproterenol-induced cell wounding. It is likely that diltiazem promotes resealing process of the cell membrane.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.955-959
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• 2002

To test the protective effect of herbal medicine on myocardial damage against oxygen free radical-induced myocardiotoxicity, cytotoxicity was examined using MTT, Beating rate and TSARS assay in the presence of water extract of Rhizoma Coptidis. Myocardial toxicity was evaluated in neonatal rat myocardiocytes in cultures. The results of these experiments were obtained as follows: Xanthine oxydase/hypoxanthine resulted in a decrease in viability, beating rate and in a increase in lipid peroxidation in Cultured myocardial cells. Rhizoma Coptidis water extract shows effects of protection from the cardiocyte toxicity induced by xanthine oxydase/hypoxanthine treatment such as increases in beating rate. Rhizoma Coptidis water extract shows effects of protection from the cardiocyte toxicity induced by xanthine oxydase/hypoxanthine treatment such as decreases in lipid peroxidation. These results show that xanthine oxydase/hypoxanthine elicits toxic effects. in cultured myocardial cells derived from neonatal rat, and suggest that water extract of Rhizoma Coptidis is very effective in the prevention of xanthine oxydase/hypoxanthine-induced cardiotoxicity.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.1117-1121
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• 2002

To test the protective effect of herbal medicine on myocardial damage against oxygen free radical-induced myocardiotoxicity, cytotoxicity was examined using MTT, Beating rate and DNA synthesis assay in the presence of water extract of three kinds of Radix Rehmanniae. Myocardial toxicity was evaluated in neonatal rat myocardiocytes in cultures. The results of these experiments were obtained as follows : Xanthine oxydase/hypoxanthine resulted in a decrease in viability, beating rate and DNA synthesis in cultured myocardial cells. Radix Rehmanniae Recens(生地黃, RRR) water extract shows effects of protection from the cardiocyte toxicity induced by xanthine oxydase/hypoxanthine treatment such as increases in beating rate. Radix Rehmanniae Preparat(熟地黃, RRP) water extract shows effects of protection from the cardiocyte toxicity induced by xanthine oxydase/hypoxanthine treatment such as increases in DNA synthesis. These results show that xanthine oxydase/hypoxanthine elicits toxic effects in cultured myocardial cells derived from neonatal rat, and suggest that water extract of three kinds of Radix Rehmanniae is very effective in the prevention of xanthine oxydase/hypoxanthine-induced cardiotoxicity.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.391-397
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• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Myocardial cell death due to occlusion of the coronary arteries leads to myocardial infarction, a subset of coronary heart disease (CHD). Dietary fiber is known to be associated with a reduced risk of CHD, the underlying mechanisms of which were suggested to delay the onset of occlusion by ameliorating risk factors. In this study, we tested a hypothesis that a beneficial role of dietary fiber could arise from protection of myocardial cells against ischemic injury, manifested after occlusion of the arteries. MATERIALS/METHODS: Three days after rats were fed apple pectin (AP) (with 10, 40, 100, and 400 mg/kg/day), myocardial ischemic injury was induced by 30 min-ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery, followed by 3 hr-reperfusion. The area at risk and infarct area were evaluated using Evans blue dye and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, respectively. DNA nicks reflecting the extent of myocardial apoptosis were assessed by TUNEL assay. Levels of cleaved caspase-3, Bcl-2, and Bax were assessed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Supplementation of AP (with 100 and 400 mg/kg/day) resulted in significantly attenuated infarct size (IS) (ratio of infarct area to area at risk) by 21.9 and 22.4%, respectively, in the AP-treated group, compared with that in the control group. This attenuation in IS showed correlation with improvement in biomarkers involved in the apoptotic cascades: reduction of apoptotic cells, inhibition of conversion of procaspase-3 to caspase-3, and increase of Bcl-2/Bax ratio, a determinant of cell fate. CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicate that supplementation of AP results in amelioration of myocardial infarction by inhibition of apoptosis. Thus, the current study suggests that intake of dietary fiber reduces the risk of CHD, not only by blocking steps leading to occlusion, but also by protecting against ischemic injury caused by occlusion of the arteries.