• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.34-46
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• 2008

Emissions inputs for use in air quality modeling of Korea were generated with the emissions inventory data from the National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER), maintained under the Clean Air Policy Support System (CAPSS) database. Source Classification Codes (SCC) in the Korea emissions inventory were adapted to use with the U.S. EPA's Sparse Matrix Operator Kernel Emissions (SMOKE) by finding the best-matching SMOKE default SCCs for the chemical speciation and temporal allocation. A set of 19 surrogate spatial allocation factors for South Korea were developed utilizing the Multi-scale Integrated Modeling System (MIMS) Spatial Allocator and Korean GIS databases. The mobile and area source emissions data, after temporal allocation, show typical sinusoidal diurnal variations with high peaks during daytime, while point source emissions show weak diurnal variations. The model-ready emissions are speciated for the carbon bond version 4 (CB-4) chemical mechanism. Volatile organic carbon (VOC) emissions from painting related industries in area source category significantly contribute to TOL (Toluene) and XYL (Xylene) emissions. ETH (Ethylene) emissions are largely contributed from point industrial incineration facilities and various mobile sources. On the other hand, a large portion of OLE (Olefin) emissions are speciated from mobile sources in addition to those contributed by the polypropylene industry in point source. It was found that FORM (Formaldehyde) is mostly emitted from petroleum industry and heavy duty diesel vehicles. Chemical speciation of PM2.5 emissions shows that PEC (primary fine elemental carbon) and POA (primary fine organic aerosol) are the most abundant species from diesel and gasoline vehicles. To reduce uncertainties in processing the Korea emission inventory due to the mapping of Korean SCCs to those of U.S., it would be practical to develop and use domestic source profiles for the top 10 SCCs for area and point sources and top 5 SCCs for on-road mobile sources when VOC emissions from the sources are more than 90% of the total.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.327-355
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• 2016

A new analytical derivation of the elastodynamic point load solutions for an isotropic multi-layered half-space is presented by means of the precise integration method (PIM) and the approach of dual vector. The time-harmonic external load is prescribed either on the external boundary or in the interior of the solid medium. Starting with the axisymmetric governing motion equations in a cylindrical coordinate system, a second order ordinary differential matrix equation can be gained by making use of the Hankel integral transform. Employing the technique of dual vector, the second order ordinary differential matrix equation can be simplified into a first-order one. The approach of PIM is implemented to obtain the solutions of the ordinary differential matrix equation in the Hankel integral transform domain. The PIM is a highly accurate algorithm to solve sets of first-order ordinary differential equations and any desired accuracy of the dynamic point load solutions can be achieved. The numerical simulation is based on algebraic matrix operation. As a result, the computational effort is reduced to a great extent and the computation is unconditionally stable. Selected numerical trials are given to validate the accuracy and applicability of the proposed approach. More examples are discussed to portray the dependence of the load-displacement response on the isotropic parameters of the multi-layered media, the depth of external load and the frequency of excitation.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.34 no.10
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• pp.947-955
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• 2010

Most oil and gas reservoirs, which have some light hydrocarbon components, show sensitive phase behavior in response to changes in the composition of the internal fluid. When evaluating and developing plans for oil and gas fields, flash calculation, PVT analysis, and saturation-property calculation are necessary for analyzing reservoir characteristics and pipeline flows. In general, the determination of saturation properties such as dew point and bubble point is considered a difficult task because of the poor convergence of the calculation methods. In this study, several new initial-value-guessing methods and root-finding methods are proposed; parametric analysis were carried out to verify the improvement in convergence. Finally, these new ideas and methods were successfully applied to the new GUI based multi-phase behavior simulator.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.2140-2145
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• 2008

We design and synthesize a 128-point FFT processor for multi-band OFDM, which can be applied to a UWB transceiver. The structure of a 128-point FFT processor is based on a Radix-2 FFT algorithm and a R2SDF pipeline architecture. The algorithm is efficiently modeled in VHDL and the result is simulated using Modelsim. Finally, they are synthesized on Xilinx Vertex-II FPGA, and an operational frequency of 18.7MHz has been obtained. It is expected that the proposed 128-point FFT processor can be applied to an entire FFT block as one of parallel processed FFTs. In order to obtain the enhanced maximum frequency of operation, we design the FFT module consisting of four 128-point FFT processors for parallel process. As a result, we achieve the performance requirement of computing the FFT module in multi-band OFDM symbol timing in 90nm ASIC process.

• Journal of Apiculture
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2019

BQCV multi-point PCR was developed as a rapid multiplex detection method for BQCV, one of the viral pathogens of honeybees. It could detect BQCV specific genes qualitative as well as quantitative detection based on ultra-rapid PCR. Three primer pairs (RNA dependent RNA polymerase, capsid protein, 3C like protease) were specifically designed for accurate the detection and were optimized for minimizing the detection time and increasing the sensitivity. Our advanced diagnostic system have the accuracy by lowering the concern about the variation in the BQCV detection site. In addition, it should be an opportunity to identify mutations that are mixed with other viruses.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.429-450
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• 2020

We prove that wave operators for Schrödinger operators with multi-center local point interactions are scaling limits of the ones for Schrödinger operators with regular potentials. We simultaneously present a proof of the corresponding well known result for the resolvent which substantially simplifies the one by Albeverio et al.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.28 no.5_6
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• pp.1445-1460
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• 2010

In this paper, a second-order system of multi-point boundary value problems in Banach spaces is investigated. Based on a specially constructed cone and the fixed point theorem of strict-set-contraction operators, the criterion of the existence and multiplicity of positive solutions are established. And two examples demonstrating the theoretic results are given.

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.21-32
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• 2024

In this paper, we introduce new types of weakly Picard operators being available to a much wider class of maps, and prove common fixed point theorems of Subrahmanyam type for two these weakly Picard operators in the collection of single-valued and multi-valued mappings in complete metric spaces. Our results extend and generalize the corresponding fixed point theorems in the literature [3, 6].

• Nonlinear Functional Analysis and Applications
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.113-130
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• 2024

In this work, we explore the existence and uniqueness results for a class of boundary value issues for implicit Volterra-Fredholm nonlinear integro-differential equations (IDEs) with Atangana-Baleanu-Riemann fractional (ABR-fractional) that have non-instantaneous multi-point fractional boundary conditions. The findings are supported by Krasnoselskii's fixed point theorem, Gronwall-Bellman inequality, and the Banach contraction principle. Finally, a demonstrative example is provided to support our key findings.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2004.11c
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• pp.129-131
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• 2004

Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) coprocessors support massive scalar multiplications of a point. We research the design for multi-segment multipliers in fixed-size ECC coprocessors using the multi-segment Karatsuba algorithm on GF($2^m$). ECC coprocessors of the proposed multiplier is verified on the SoC-design verification kit which embeds ALTERA EXCALIBUR FPGAs. As a result of our experiment, the multi-segment Karatsuba multiplier, which has more efficient performance about twice times than the traditional multi-segment multiplier, can be implemented as adding few H/W resources. Therefore the multi-segment Karatsuba multiplier which satisfies performance for the cryptographic algorithm, is adequate for a low cost embedded system, and is implemented in the minimum area.