• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.56-68
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate potential effects of HRT (hormone replacement therapy) on motor functions in postmenopausal women. Method: In this meta-analysis, 19 studies that examined changes in motor functions between postmenopausal women with and without HRT intervention were qualified. We additionally conducted moderator variable analyses including: (1) motor function type, (2) hormone type, and (3) duration of HRT intervention. Results: The random effects model showed no significant overall effects (SMD = 0.199; SE = 0.115; 95% CI = -0.026~0.425; Z = 1.730; p = 0.084; I² = 93.258%). Additional three moderator variable analyses revealed no significant effect sizes indicating that specific HRT protocols did not improve different motor functions in postmenopausal women. Conclusion: These meta-analytic findings suggest that HRT had no positive effects on motor functions in postmenopausal women.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.15-25
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• 2018

Objective : The purpose of this study was to examine the differences between motor functions and executive functions according to the timing of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods : The subjects were 32 children with ADHD aged between 6 and 12 living Busan. To assess the timing, Long Form Assessment (LFA) of Interactive Metronome (IM) was used. Bruininks-Oseretsky of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition (BOT-2) were also used to assess motor functions. STROOP Color and Word Test and Children's Color Trails Test were used to evaluate executive functions. Mann-Whitney U tests were used to determine the differences between the executive functions and the motor functions according to the timing. Results : Comparing the inter-group motor functions according to the timing, there was a statistically significant difference in the Fine manual control and Fine motor precision in BOT-2 (p<.05). Comparing the inter-group executive functions according to the timing, there was not statistically significant difference (p>.05). Conclusion : Among the deficits in ADHD children, we could see the differences between motor function and executive function according to timing function. This study would be meaningful in that the results could be a basic data for study on the timing of children of ADHD in the future.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1991.07a
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• pp.60-63
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• 1991

Nowadays inverters are widely used for energy-saving and factory automation. Accordingly the characteristics and functions of the inverter are well understood. To our surprise, the characteristics and functions of the inverter-driven induction motor are not well understood. In this technical review, the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the inverter-driven motor, the optimal combination of the inverter with motor, the special design of the inverter-driven motor, and the application of the inverter with the existing motor are given, based on ABB Drives' experiences and technical data.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.101-106
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• 2002

Objectives : The degree of post-stroke depression was observed and then correlated to the recovery rate of the motor functions of the above treated stroke patients. Methods : The BDI SCALE(Beck Depression Inventory Scale) and motor grades of 50 diagnosed stroke patients who were hospitalized in Dong-Seo Oriental Hospital between the period of May 2002 to September 2002 were measured. After a 1 month recovery period the BDI SCALE and motor grade of the above mentioned patients were again measured and a correlation was observed. Results : A lower BDI SCALE was observed in patients with a higher motor grade recovery rate. Conclusion : The treatment of post-stroke depression is imperative for positive effects on the motor functions of stroke patients.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2000.07a
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• pp.605-609
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• 2000

This paper presents a development of the Pulse Width Modulation ASIC for control of the AC servo or spindle motor in machine tools. The ASIC is designed two PWM functions for simultaneous control of a converter and an inverter. Also the device includes additionally two UART functions for interfacing the RS232C with PC or other devices. The device is connected to the microprocessor of Intel or Motorola by bus interface. The required output voltage and frequency for the motor control is programmed to the PWM block and the corresponding switching signals are calculated and generated with regard to the programmed value.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.354-360
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• 2003

For the convenient use of high performance microprocessor in motor control, peripheral devices are needed for converting its control signals to compatible ones for motor drive. Customized devices are not plentiful far these purposes and their functions do not usually satisfied designers specification. The designers used to implement these functions on FPGA or CPLD using hardware description language. Then, in this case unessential programs are needed for control the peripherals. In this paper, a unified device model that links peripheral devices, including especially the pulse width modulation controller and the quadrature encoder interface device, to an interrupt controller is proposed. Advanced functions of peripherals could be achieved by this model and unessential programs can be simplified. Block diagrams and flowcharts are presented to illustrate the advanced functions. This unified device was designed using VHDL. The simulation results were presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.20-29
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of a group self exercise program in improving the quality of life regarding depression and the activities of daily living (ADL) of chronic stroke survivors, as well as the motor functions such as the 3 meter round walk, upper extremity function, and static balance. The subjects were 12 post-stroke ambulatory community center participants. All subjects participated in one 90 minute session per week for 7 weeks and received a home exercise program in every session. They had to record and submit an exercise check list. Quality of life was measured with the Beck depression inventory and the 8-Item Short-Form (SF-8). Motor functions were measured with the manual function test (MF'T), the kinesthetic ability trainer (KAT 3000), and the modified Barthel index. The level of depression decreased somewhat, but there were no significant differences after intervention. However, quality of life related health (SF-8) improved significant1y. There were significant improvements in the time for the 3 meter round walk, the functions of the affected upper extremities, and static balance and ADL (p<.05). The findings of this study suggest that a group self exercise program can improve quality of life related health and motor functions in stroke survivors.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.23-30
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to apply treadmill training through motor learning to cerebral palsy children and examine its effects on their Gross Motor Functions. The subjects of this study were 13 spastic diplegia children who had difficulty in independent gait, and GMFCS level III, IV. We performed treadmill gait training using the principle of weight bearing, based on 4times a week for 30 minutes before and after each session physical therapy we gave weight bearing treadmill training 5 to 10 minutes, during 7 weeks(April 9, 2012~May 26, 2012) fittingly for the children's gait characteristics. In order to test how the weight bearing treadmill training affects spastic diplegia children's gross motor functions, we measured body mobility with Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM). These data were collected before and after the experiment and analyzed through comparison. Data collected from the 13 spastic diplegia children the results were as follows. For evaluating with regard to change in body mobility, significant difference was observed between before and after the experiment in measured gross motor functions, which were crawling, kneeling, standing, walking, jumping and running(p<0.05). According to the results of this study, when gait training through motor learning was applied to spastic cerebral palsy children, it made significant changes in their body mobility. Accordingly, for the effective application of gait training through motor learning to cerebral palsy children, it is considered necessary to make research from different angle on how such training affects children's mobility, activity of muscles in the lower limbs, and gait characteristics.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.128-132
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• 2006

The previous MCCs(Motor Control Centers) have the demerits of high cost and much manhour for rework because it is impossible for us to standardize the previous MCCs and they have many manual connections. The customers require the products which can operate with the SCADA system by digitalizing the functions of the current MCCs and the systematized products with capability of remote control. To solve these disadvantages and requirements, we developed the Intelligent Motor Control Center. This system has the various functions such as protection, measuring, and communication. Using these functions, we can monitor motor status through communication with the upper system and define the circuit for lowering connection costs according tn starting type and shortening the manufactural period by the graphic editor. The development of this system results in establishment of the competitive structure with domestic area and Perfect automatic monitoring through linkage with the SCADA system.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.53-58
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• 2010

Purpose: Our goal was to determine the difference in motor recovery between two stroke types: the corona radiata (CR) infarct type and the intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) type, by using assessment methods for motor functions. Methods: Forty subjects who were diagnosed as having had a stroke with an infarct (men: 11, women: 9, mean age: $62.25{\pm}7.59$) or a stroke with an ICH (men: 12, women: 8, mean age: $59.75{\pm}6.11$) were recruited. In all subjects, motor functions of the affected extremities were measured 2 times: at stroke onset (initial) and 6 months after the onset (final) by the motricity index (MI), the modified Brunnstrom classification (MBC), and functional ambulatory category (FAC). We compared the final assessment with the initial one. Results: Motor functions of all patients improved with the passing of time. All scores of motor function assessment in the ICH type were higher than in the infarct type. Comparing the initial assessment with the final one, upper MI and MBC scores of the upper extremities were significantly different between the two stroke types (p<0.05), but lower MI and FAC scores of the lower extremities were not (p>0.05). Conclusion: These findings imply that patterns of motor recovery in patients with either the infarct type or the ICH type of stroke change for the better over time. The degree of motor recovery in the ICH type was better than in the infarct type. Therefore, one can introduce clinical interventions by the aspect of progress in functional motor recovery.