• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.82-89
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate an e-Learning Program designed to enhance novice nurses's performance ability Method: The e-Learning program was designed for novice nurses before beginning to work in a hospital using a KMS(Knowledge Management System). This study was carried out from February 2006 to April 2007. The program had progressive steps including design, pilot test & modification, contents development, program application and evaluation. After the program design and pilot testing, the learner's satisfaction was analyzed. Result: The program site is http://kms.emc.ac.kr titled, 'Cyber Education Center'. The sixteen part course has been developed as follows: blood sugar test, skin test, insulin test 1, insulin test 2, blood culture, blood sampling, heat therapy, cold therapy, glycerin enema, preparation of operation, oxygen therapy, suction technique, transfusion, foley catheterization and aseptic technique. The overall learner's satisfaction score was 4.08 out of 5 points. Conclusion: E-Learning could be useful for education and nursing work. This method may be effective for clinical nurses.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.332-342
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• 2015

In this study, to solve the major problem of reverse osmosis (RO) membrane, surface of reverse osmosis membrane was modified by silane-epoxy multi layer. Octyltrimethoxysilane (OcTES) was polymerized to membrane surface via cross-linking by Sol-gel method. n = 8 alkylgroup of OcTES formed the branch structure by self assembly. And for improve fouling resistance of RO membrane, Ether group of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDE) was given to improve hydrophilicity of RO membrane surface by ring-opening. To analyze structure of RO membrane surface with FE-TEM and AFM. Membrane surface of the ridge and valley structure and the bridge structure was confirmed due to the multi-layer surface modification of OcTES and EGDE. And through the increase of the roughness, the branch structure was formed well on membrane surface. Through the XPS analysis was identified chemical structure of membrane surface. And confirmed that the hydrophilic surface modification is given to the surface of the film through a Contact angle analysis. In optimization of EGDE surface modification condition, was suitable 0.5 wt% EGDE concentraion and $70^{\circ}C$ ring-opening temperature. In result of fouling resistance test and MFI is SUL-H10, $PA-OcTES_{1.0}$, $PA-OcTES_{1.0}-EGDE_{0.5}$ 68.7, 60.4, 5.4 ($10E-8hr/mL^2$), multi-layer surface modified membrane improved fouling resistance.

• 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.559-570
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• 2005

This paper presents how to establish an efficient e-Learning environment using open source software. A LMS with additional functionalities on the top of dotLRN. which is a open source project for LMS, is presented. Additional functionalities include modification of the language for Korean, adoption of SCORM educational standard, and management of learning outcome. This system had been serviced for Kongju cyber university for one year on stable basis. The scope of this paper covers introduction, characteristics review, and the learner's learning outcome analysis.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.185-196
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• 2019

One of the shortcomings of seismic bridge design codes is the lack of clarity in defining the role of different seismic isolation systems with linear or nonlinear behavior in terms of R-factor. For example, based on AASHTO guide specifications for seismic isolation design, R-factor for all substructure elements of isolated bridges should be half of those expressed in the AASHTO standard specifications for highway bridges (i.e., R=3 for single columns and R=5 for multiple column bent) but not less than 1.50. However, no distinction is made between two commonly used types of seismic isolation devices, i.e., elastomeric rubber bearing (ERB) with linear behavior, and lead rubber bearing (LRB) with nonlinear behavior. In this paper, five existing bridges located in Iran with two types of deck-pier connection including ERB and LRB isolators, and two bridge models with monolithic deck-pier connection are developed and their R-factor values are assessed based on the Uang's method. The average R-factors for the bridges with ERB isolators are calculated as 3.89 and 4.91 in the longitudinal and transverse directions, respectively, which are not in consonance with the AASHTO guide specifications for seismic isolation design (i.e., R=3/2=1.5 for the longitudinal direction and R=5/2=2.5 for the transverse direction). This is a clear indicator that the code-prescribed R-factors are conservative for typical bridges with ERB isolators. Also for the bridges with LRB isolators, the average computed R-factors equal 1.652 and 2.232 in the longitudinal and transverse directions, respectively, which are in a good agreement with the code-specified R-factor values. Moreover, in the bridges with monolithic deck-pier connection, the average R-factor in the longitudinal direction is obtained as 2.92 which is close to the specified R-factor in the bridge design codes (i.e., 3), and in the transverse direction is obtained as 2.41 which is about half of the corresponding R-factor value in the specifications (i.e., 5).

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.113-121
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• 2010

Since e-Book has various advantages of hyper-link, multimedia function, dual-direction, etc, users can access to the system easily by touch method. XML has been established as the document standard of e-Book. For XML has hyperlink, style function, and structure it is suitable for knowledge delivery and expression. In this paper, we developed the Seoul's 1000 years time-capsule cultural contents into e-Book forms that can guide tourists. We also implemented the time capsule guidance system based on the e-Book of the user center through the modification process of the generated XML code using the e-Book solution.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2015.08a
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• pp.115-115
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• 2015

Many efforts have been devoted on chemical modification of graphene layer to modulate its electrical properties. In the previous report, laser irradiation on the CYTOP (Amorphous Fluoropolymer) covered graphene layer induces chemical modification wherein carbon fluoride is formed on the graphene surface. This results in the insulating I-V characteristics, which have been attracting much research interests on it. However, the direct analytical evidence of the fluoride formation on graphene surface is not yet studied. In this work we investigated what happened on the CYTOP/graphene interface during photon irradiation using spatially resolved photoemission spectroscopy method. It is found that the soft x-ray (614 eV) induces desorption of fluoride atoms from the CYTOP and change di-fluoride form to mono-fluoride. As the photo-induced fluorine desorption is continue strong dipole field generated by initial di-fluoride forms is gradually decreased, resulting in the overall binding energy shift of the C 1s core levels. Both photo-modified CYTOP and CYTOP starts to desorb above $286^{\circ}C$ (~ 0.047 eV), which means that no strong chemical interaction between CYTOP and graphene is established.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.794-803
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• 1987

In this paper, the SPICE 2.G6 JFET subroutine and other related subroutines are modified for circuit simulation of GaAs MESFET IC's. The hyperbolic tangent model is used for the drain current-voltage characteristics of GaAs MESFET's and derived channel-conductance and drain-conductance model from the above current model are implemented into small-signal model of GaAs MESFET's. And, device capacitance model which consider after-pinch-off state are modified, and device charge model for SPICE 2G.6 are proposed. The result of modification is shown to be suitable for GaAs circuit simulator, showing good agreement with experimetal results. Forthermore the DC convergence of this paper is better than that of SPICE 2.G JFET subroutine. GaAs MESFET model in this paper is applied for both depletion mode GaAs MESFET and enhancement-mode GaAs MESFET without difficulty.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.137-146
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• 1994

This experiments were focused on a modification of mechamical properties and structure in porous aluminum titanate ceramics by new additives which have been not researched yet. These were consisted of four kinds of additives i.e. Bi2O3, FeO, ZnO and NiO by addition amount of 1 wt% and 5 wt% respectively. The addition of Bi2O3 retarded a degree of syntehsis of aluminum titanate and accelerated in FeO, ZnO, NiO additives. Also, the most effective accelerator in synthesis of alunium titanate was FeO. A additives for the most effective of modification of microstructure, sharp distribtion of pore size and mechanical proterties was on ZnO addition and showed the lowest average pore size and narrowed pore size distribution. In order to improve of microstructure and pore size distribution in porous aluminum titanate ceramics was desired the addition amount of 1 wt% compare to 5 wt%.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.479-486
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• 1994

The Finite Element Method(FEM) generally used for the structural analysis has some defects, i.e. a great deal of computational time and huge memory capacity of computer are needed in the application to large and/or complex structures, etc. Therefore the Component Mode Synthesis method(CMS), one of sub-structure synthesis methods, was made to improve such demerits and has been developed up to now. In optimum structural modification problems, the sensitivity analysis method is useful, where the sensitivity-calculated by Fox's suggestion-is defined as the diffentials of design variables for the objective values. This paper discusses the vibration minimization techniques for the oper box type structure, in which it is assumed that an engine operates at 10-40Hz range. The results obtained are as follow; (1) The sensitivity of natural frequency could be easily obtained by sensitivity analysis method and the optimum position to insert pillars could be found by using it. (2) The rates of structural modification could be exactly obtained and the natural frequency observed could be easily shifted to the objective value. (3) The maximum amplitude around natural frequency noted could be nearly reduced to 1/25 by modification.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.17-20
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• 2000

In order to improve the sheet formability of the ferritic stainless steel, the through-thickness textures of the recrystallized sample was modified by means of a thermomechanical treatment. An annealing process between the cold rolling reductions modified the preferred orientations throughout the thickness, which resulted in the modification of the final cold rolling texture as well as the final recrystallization texture. With the help of the modification of the recrystallization texture by the intermediate annealing, improvement of the sheet formability, i.e. an increase of the Lankford value.