• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.77-97
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine 1) the relations among parent-reported, teacher-reported, and task-observed effortful control, and 2) the differences of preschoolers' effortful control based on preschoolers' gender and parenting behaviors (affectionate, controlled). In this study, the subjects were 221 preschoolers (104 boys, 117 girls) and their parents. The preschoolers' effortful controls was measured by Effortful Control Battery (Snack Delay, Turtle and Rabbit, and Red-Green Sign) and the Children's Behavior Questionnaire-Short Form. Parenting behavior was measured by the Parenting Style scale. The major results of this study were as follows. First, there were positive correlations between parent-reported effortful control and both teacher-reported and task-observed effortful control. Second, there were significant differences in preschoolers' effortful control by gender and level of affectionate parenting behavior. And there was an interaction effect between gender and level of affectionate parenting behavior on preschoolers' effortful control. The implications of this study were as follows. It is needed to evaluate effortful control in various circumstances and by multiple raters, and affectionate parenting behavior had an important role upon boys' effortful control rather than that of girls.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.161-171
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• 1996

In order to provide the basic data on an education program for successful breast-feeding, the nutrition knowledge of and attitudes toward breast-feeding and the factors associated with infant feeding decision among male and female college students were investigated. The majority of students had correct knowledge of the maternal-infant bonding through breast-feeding and knew more about baby-centered benefits than about mother-centered benefits of breast-feeding. Students' attitudes toward breast-feeding were not so positive as expected, and male students had more positive attitudes toward breast-feeding than female students had. 54.8% of students answered to practice breast-feeding longer than 3 months. Nutrition knowledge scores and attitude scores were significantly higher in the breast-feeding decision group than in the formula-feeding decision group. The students residing in a rural community decided breast-feeding significantly more than the students residing in an urban community. It was concluded that nutrition knowledge about the breast-feeding played a significant role in deciding infant feeding method. In order to increase breast-feeding decision rates among college students, the education program may need to focus on understanding of correct nutrition knowledge about the benefits of breast-feeding. Also it would be important to have male students participated in education program.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.133-151
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• 2014

본 연구는 어머니가 만 2세 자녀와 함께 가상/역할 놀이와 책 읽기의 두 맥락에서 상호작용하는 동안 어머니가 사용하는 정신 상태 용어의 특성을 살펴보고 비교하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 서울시에 거주하는 36쌍의 어머니-만 2세 자녀 쌍이었다. 연구결과 어머니들은 책 읽기 맥락보다 가장/역할 놀이 맥락에서 정신 상태 용어를 더 많이 사용하였으나 세 가지 유형의 정신 상태용어를 사용하는 비율은 맥락에 따라 다르지 않았다. 두 맥락 모두에서 욕구 상태 언어를 정서 상태나 인지 상태 용어보다 자주 사용하였으나 어머니들이 사용하는 욕구 상태, 정서 상태, 인지 상태 용어는 개인 별로 편차가 매우 심했고, 하나의 맥락에서 정신 상태 용어를 많이 사용하는 어머니들은 다른 맥락에서도 정신 상태 용어를 많이 사용하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 자녀의 마음이론 발달에 기여하는 어머니 역할에 대한 실천적 시사점을 갖는다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.33-48
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• 2017

Objective: This study examined the relationships among sleep problems, executive function and social behavior during the preschool period. In addition, the mediating role of executive function between sleep problems and social behavior was investigated. Methods: A total of 304 preschool children participated in this study. The data were collected through maternal reports. Results: First, preschoolers' sleep problems were found to be significantly related to overt aggression and prosocial behavior. Second, preschoolers with sleep problems displayed lower levels of executive function. Third, preschoolers' executive function was significantly associated with social behavior. Lastly, preschoolers' executive function fully mediated the relationship between sleep problems and overt aggression, and between sleep problems and prosocial behavior. That is, preschoolers' sleep problems had effects on overt aggression and prosocial behavior, only through the effects on executive function. Conclusion: This study contributes to the sleep literature by examining the role of executive function and emphasizes the importance of forming a healthy sleep habit during the preschool period.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.37-47
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• 2013

Objectives: A descriptive correlational study was designed to examine the relationship of anger to psychosomatic symptoms. In addition, this study investigated the mediating effect of parental attachment in relation to anger and other variable. Methods: Data were collected from 112 subjects in grade 4 or 6, and descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, and hierachical multiple regression were used with SPSS/PC 18.0 program to analyze the data. Results: There was a significantly positive effects between state-trait anger and psychosomatic symptoms. Father attachment negatively correlated state-trait anger and psychosomatic symptoms. Also, mother attachment negatively correlated state anger and psychosomatic symptoms. However, maternal attachment was not significantly associated with trait anger. Parental attachment had a significant mediating effect in relation to state-trait anger and psychosomatic symptoms. Conclusions: For the effective management of multi-cultural children's psychosomatic symptoms, programs including parental attachment increasing strategies should be established. These programs can increase parental attachment security which is mediator role between anger and psychosomatic symptoms.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.77-87
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• 2016

Objectives: This study was conducted to provide data in order to develop effective family planning programs by analyzing the factors which affect contraceptive use among women in Ethiopia. Methods: The community health survey was conducted on women of childbearing age. The research model was developed based on Andersen's Model. A total of 320 respondents were analyzed through Chi-square analysis, t-tests and logistic regression analysis. Results: Contraceptive prevalence rate was 43.1% and most of them were using modern and short-term methods. Among three factor categories, the need factor(unwanted pregnancy experience) was revealed as the most important factor, following enabling factor which was knowing the FP services in health center. Conclusions: These results lead to several conclusions. First, the results imply that programs should focus on women who are in the over 30yr. as well as the poorer economic group and urban residents. Second, to improve the effectiveness of the program, it is important to help them to be motivated themselves and to promote knowledge on various methods. Third, in terms of service delivery, community health workers are expected to take a crucial role. To improve the availability of services, they should provide practical services as those in health center.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.312-319
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• 2023

Background: Parental attention is crucial for preventing childhood oral diseases. Mothers play a significant role in maintaining their families' oral health, and their educational level influences their children's oral health behaviors. This study investigates the impact of mothers' educational levels on adult oral health behaviors using data from a national survey. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional analysis of secondary data. The data used were obtained from the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Descriptive statistics were calculated to identify participant characteristics. Next, t-tests and one-way analysis of variance were conducted to examine the effects of the explanatory variables on the distribution of the dependent variable. Finally, logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the influence of the explanatory variable on the dependent variable, using "no education" as the reference value, and calculate the odds ratios. Results: Children of mothers with a college education or higher had a 1.13 times higher likelihood of receiving oral examinations than those whose mothers had no education. Children whose mothers graduated from college or higher had a 2.23 times higher probability of receiving preventative dental treatment than those whose mothers had no education. Children whose mothers graduated from college or higher had a 1.92 times higher probability of receiving scaling than those whose mothers had no education. Children whose mothers graduated from high school had a 1.35 times higher probability of receiving scaling than those whose mothers had no education. Conclusion: Developing oral health programs is important for low-educated and low-income parents to change theirs and their children's oral health behaviors/attitudes. This will help reduce oral health disparities among adults raised by parents of higher and lower socioeconomic statuses. Therefore, a comprehensive approach is essential for adults to maintain good oral health, regardless of variations in their parental educational levels during childhood.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.749-757
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• 2016

본 연구는 미토콘드리아 DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome B (CYTB)와 NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (ND1) 유전자 서열의 다형성을 근거로 제주도 큰발윗수염박쥐 집단의 유전적 집단 구조와 계통 유연관계를 조사하는 데 목적이 있다. 동아시아 박쥐에서 CYTB 유전자 haplotype은 14개의 haplotype들이 발견되었고, ND1은 9개의 haplotype 들이 발견되었다. 집단별 haplotype의 분포는 지역-특이적인 양상을 보였다. ND1 haplotype 분석결과에서 제주도 집단은 4개의 haplotype을 나타내고, 한라산 소집단과 서부지역 소집단은 3개 haplotype을 나타내었으나, 동부지역 소집단에서는 제주도 전체에서 공통으로 발견되는 1개(Nd03)의 haplotype만 출현하였다. NJ tree에서 제주도 집단은 강원도 집단보다 일본 집단과 더 근연으로 확인되었다. 중국과 일본의 모계선조 계보 사이의 분화 시점은 0.789±0.063 MYBP으로 추정되었고, 제주도와 일본의 모계선조는 약 17만 년(0.168±0.013 MYBP) 전에 분리된 것 으로 판단된다. 제주도 집단은 적어도 5만 년 이전에 이주한 것으로 보인다. 또한 ND1 haplotype 분석결과는 제주도 집단이 이주 후에도 지역 내에서의 적어도 2회 이상의 유전적 분화를 겪었다는 것을 보여주고 있다. 본 연구 결과는 동아시아 큰발윗수염박쥐의 계통 유연관계를 이해하는 데 중요한 기초자료가 될 것이며, 향후 한반도의 남부와 중국, 러시아 등에서 시료 확보를 통해 집단 간 진화적 상관관계를 이해하는 데 필요한 설득력 있는 자료가 마련되어야 할 것이다.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.36-44
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was conducted to explore foreign immigrant mothers' experiences of pregnancy, childbirth, and child rearing. Methods: Ten married female migrants were selected by a purposive and snowball sampling method. Data were collected during the period from September to November, 2009 by individual in-depth interviews and all interviews were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim. Results: Ten categories were induced: In pregnancy and childbirth domain, social support-request help to their own parents, social support-depending on husband and mother's in law, Enduring emesis-gravidarum in strange environment were extracted. In Chid-rearing domain, child-rearing overburden, lack of self-confidence on maternal role, child-rearing difficulties due to language barrier, lack of information and education on child-rearing, lack of accessibility to public health care services, expectation of child's assimilation in Korea, financial strain in child-rearing. Conclusion: This study provides basic knowledge regarding married female migrants' experiences related to pregnancy, childbirth, and child rearing. The findings of the study will help health professionals designing effective interventions for married female migrants with difficulties related to child care, parenting, rearing.

• 모자간호학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.5-20
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• 1992

This study was undertaken to identify the levels and affecting factors of the maternal role attainment(MRA) in the primipara during the postpartum period. The healthy ninety primiparous from the one university hospital and two local clinics in KwangJu city were selected and two Semantic Differential Scales (SD-Myself as Mothers, SD-My Baby) and the Pharis Self Confidence Scale were used in this study. Questionnaires were distributed at the 3rd days and the 4-6 weeks of the primiparous not showing any complication after normal delivery. The data collected were analysed statistically using t-test, Pearson's Product Moment Correlation Coefficient and ANOVA. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1) On the 3rd day after the delivery, the scores of SD-myself as mother, SD-baby and Pharis Self Confidence were 70.6 points, 73.6 points and 78.6 points, respectively, showing the low level of MRA. 2) On the 4-6 weeks after delivery, the score of SD-myself as mother, SD-baby and Pharis Self Confidence were 72.8 points, 77.9 points, and 86.9 points, respectively, indicating the moderate level of MRA. 3) The mean scores of the SD scale and the Pharis Self Confidence during the postpartum periods were higher than those of the 3rd days, showing the SD-myself as mother (t=-2.09, P<.05), SD-baby(t=-4.12, P<.001), Pharis Self Confidence(t=-6.59, P<.001), respectively. 4) Positive correlations (r=.24$\sim$.69) were shown in the concepts related to the MRA and the cognitive-motor skill components and cognitive-affective skill components of the MRA became harmonious over time. 5) The relationships between the score of the MRA and the demographic and obstetric variables were as follows ; a) the score of the MRA in the twenties was higher than those of the thirties. b) the group with higher educational background showed higher MRA socres than the group with lower one. c) those who wanted pregnancy sustenance had higher MRA scores than those who did not. d) the group that did think of festus-feature represented higher MRA scores than those who did not. e) the group of mothers who have the daughters showed higher MRA scores than those who have boys. It can be concluded from the results that the MRA in the primiparous increased gradually, and that the cognitive-motor skills and cognitive-affective skills became harmonious over time. The level of the MRA was affected partly by the mothers general, obstetrical variables. Following suggestion were made oil the basis of the present study ; a) The longitudinal study on the MRA is needed. b) Multivariate analyses should be done for the identification of the factors influcening on the MRA. c) Education program for primiparous mother should be designed and developed to improve the MRA.