• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.456-466
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• 1994

Experimental investigation was made to study the mechanism of fluid and thermal oscillation phenomena of surface-tension driven flow in a cylindrical liquid column heated from above which is the low-gravity floating zone simulated on earth. Hexadecane, octadecane, silicon oil (10cs), FC-40 and water are used as the test liquids. The onset of the oscillatory thermocapillary convection appears when Marangoni number exceeds its criteria value and is found to be due to the coupling among velocity and temperature field with the free surface deformation. The frequency of temperature oscillation decreases with increasing aspect ratio for a given diameter and Marangoni number and the oscillation level increases with Marangoni number. The flow pattern in the liquid column appears either as symmetric or asymmetric 3-D flow due to the oscillatory flow in the azimuthal direction. The free surface deformation also occurs either as symmetric or asymmetric mode and its frequency is consistent with those of flow and temperature oscillations. The amplitude of surface deformation also increases with Marangoni number.

• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2017

This study aims to visualize the Marangoni flow inside a droplet placed on heated hydrophobic surface and to measure its internal velocity field. The experimental result shows that the internal velocity increases with the increase of the plate temperature. In addition, the temperature difference induces the initial flow and drives the Marangoni circulation inside the droplet as soon as the evaporation starts (i.e. the thermal Marangoni flow). The fluorescence particles in the droplet trace two large-scale counter-rotating vortex pairs yielding the downwards flow along the vertical central axis. These vortex pairs gradually become small and move towards the contact line as time goes by, and this Marangoni flow sustains only for a half of the total evaporation time.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2021

Rayleigh-Benard-Marangoni (RBM) convection have been artificially made for application of various engineering fields. For a relatively larger circular container, natural convection experiments were carried out to reveal and show the flow characteristics with engine oil (SAE30) using IR camera. IR camera has captured the temperature distribution on the free surface. From these experiments, it was confirmed that it was possible to quantitatively analyze the occurrence characteristics of RBM flow clearly from the thermal images taken with IR camera. As the aspect ratio increased, both the number of internal and external cavities increased. And found that the criteria of RBM flow generation proposed through previous experiments performed for small-sized containers are also very effective with the results on larger circular container.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2017

가열된 표면에서의 액적은 일반적으로 내부에 마랑고니 유동이 발생하고, 이는 불균일한 침전물 패턴 형상을 구성하게 된다. 본 연구는 마랑고니 유동을 가시화하고, 수직진동을 사용해서 이를 제어하는 것을 주 목적으로 한다. 액적이 증발하는 동안, 액적의 접촉각 변화와 부피변화를 실험적으로 알 수 있었고, PIV(Particle Image Velocimetry) 실험 장치를 이용하여, 평판 온도별 마랑고니 유동의 내부 유동의 흐름을 가시화하였다. 그리고 평판에 각 주파수별 수직진동을 가해주는 실험을 진행하여, 그 결과 마랑고니 유동의 유동 방향과 수직진동의 유동 방향이 서로 반대인 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 마지막으로 증발하는 액적에 수직진동을 가해줌으로써, 액적의 하단부분에서 내부유동의 흐름변화를 관찰하였다. 마랑고니유동에 의해 발생하는 내부유동 방향과 수직진동으로 발생하는 내부유동의 방향이 서로 반대 방향이므로 가열된 평판에 진동을 가해주었을 때 액적 내부유동의 흐름이 변화가 발생하였고, 이는 곧 불균일한 침전물 패턴이 억제된 것을 증발 후 침전물의 패턴형상을 통해 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.32-40
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• 2021

Vapor-driven solutal Marangoni flow is governed by the concentration distribution of solutes on a liquid-gas interface. Typically, the flow structure is investigated by particle image velocimetry (PIV). However, to develop a theoretical model or to explain the working mechanism, the concentration distribution of solutes at the interface should be known. However, it is difficult to achieve the concentration profile theoretically and experimentally. In this paper, to find the concentration distribution of solutes around 2D droplet, the reverse tracking method with an artificial neural network based on PIV data was performed. Using the method, the concentration distribution of solutes around a 2D droplet was estimated for actual flow data from PIV experiment.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제49권8호
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• pp.1660-1668
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• 2017

The flow of liquids submerged with nanoparticles is of significance to industrial applications, specifically in nuclear reactors and the cooling of nuclear systems to improve energy efficiency. The application of nanofluids in water-cooled nuclear systems can result in a significant improvement of their economic performance and/or safety margins. Therefore, in this paper, Marangoni thermal convective boundary layer dusty nanoliquid flow across a flat surface in the presence of solar radiation is studied. A two phase dusty liquid model is considered. Unlike classical temperature-dependent heat source effects, an exponential space-dependent heat source aspect is considered. Stretching variables are utilized to transform the prevailing partial differential system into a nonlinear ordinary differential system, which is then solved numerically via the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg approach coupled with a shooting technique. The roles of physical parameters are focused in momentum and heat transport distributions. Graphical illustrations are also used to consider local and average Nusselt numbers. We examined the results under both linear and quadratic variation of the surface temperature. Our simulations established that the impact of Marangoni flow is useful for an enhancement of the heat transfer rate.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.99-99
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• 2009

Two different micro-flows during the evaporation of ink droplets were achieved by engineering both surface tension gradient and compositional gradient across the ink droplet: (1) Coffee-ring generating flow resulting from the outward flow inside the ink droplet & (2) Marangoni flow leading to the circulation flow inside the ink droplet. The surface tension gradient and the compositional gradient in the ink droplets were tailored by mixing two different solvents with difference surface tension and boiling point. In order to create the coffee-ring generating flow (outward flow), a single-solvent system using N,N-dimethylformamide with nano-sized spherical alumina particles was formulated, Marangoni flow (circulation flow) was created in the ink droplets by combining N,N-dimethylformamide and fotmamide with the spherical alumina powders as a co-solvent ink system. We have investigated the effect of these two different flows on the formation of ceramic films by inkjet printing method, The packing density of the ceramic films printed with two different ink systems (single- and co-solvent systems) and their surface roughness were characterized. The dielectric properties of these inkjet-printed ceramic films such as dielectric constant and dissipation factor were also studied in order to evaluate the feasibility of their application to the electronic ceramic package substrate.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.77-82
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• 1992

FZ법에 의한 결정성장에 있어서 용융대는 고액 계면의 장력에 의해 유지되고 상.하부의 고체봉 사이에 위치하고 있다. 따라서, 용융대의 표면에서는 온도와 농도 차이에 의해 표면장력의 구배가 발생하고 있는 marangoni 대류의 구동력으로 작용한다. 본 연구에서 정상상태의 결정성장시는 결정의 가장자리 영역에서의 Solute 농도는 결정내부 보다도 높아지게 되고 전위의 분포도 불규칙하여 지며, void나 기포 침투, Secondary phase의 생성 및 미소균열등의 결함 발생 확률이 계면부근에서 높아지는 결과를 알 수 있었다. 이는 고액성장 계면이 marangoni 대류에 의하여 이 영역에서 온도의 국부적인 변동에 의해 불규칙하여 지게 되기 때문이라 사료된다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제37권7호
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• pp.695-701
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• 2013

본 논문은 비이온의 계면 활성제에 의해 증발하는 물방울의 열모세관 유동(마랑고니 유동)이 억제되는 것을 실험적으로 검증한다. 물방울이 소수성 표면 위에서 증발할 때, 액적 내부의 마랑고니 유동을 관찰하였고, 계면 활성제 농도에 따라 이 유동이 억제되는 것을 조사하였다. 초기 계면 활성제 농도가 증가하면, 마랑고니 유동의 속도와 수명이 감소한다. 이 결과는 계면 활성제에 의해 액적 계면에서 점착 경계 조건이 성립됨을 보여주는데, 이것은 계면 점착 현상과 관련된 기존의 모델에 기초하여 설명되었다. 또한 액적의 초기 계면 활성제 농도가 임계 농도 이하일 때, 증발 초기 접촉선 비고정 현상을 발견했는데, 이것은 마랑고니 유동이 접촉각의 이력 현상을 감소시키기 때문이다.

• 태양에너지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 1988

The characteristics of thermal instabilities of natural convection in a horizontal fluid layer bounded below by a rigid plate and above by an interface with a passive gas is presented. The critical Grashof number decreases as the surface tension gradient effect (Marangoni effect) at the interface increases and the flow remains unstable for a critical Marangoni number depending on Prandtl numbers. These results are in substantial agreement with those of Smith and Davis.