Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B (대한기계학회논문집B)

The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers (대한기계학회)
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Study of the Internal Flow and Evaporation Characteristic Inside a Water Droplet on a Vertical Vibrating Hydrophobic Surface

수직 진동을 이용한 가열된 고체표면 위 증발하는 액적의 내부유동 제어연구

  • Received : 2016.09.03
  • Accepted : 2016.11.09
  • Published : 2017.01.01
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Abstract

Thermal Marangoni flow has been observed inside droplets on heated surfaces, finally resulting in a coffee stain effect. This study aims to visualize and control the thermal Marangoni flow by employing periodic vertical vibration. The variations in the contact angle and internal volume of the droplet as it evaporates is observed by using a combination of continuous light and a still camera. With regard to the internal velocity, the particle image velocimetry system is applied to visualize the internal thermal Marangoni flow. In order to estimate the internal temperature gradient and surface tension on the surface of a droplet, the theoretical model based on the conduction and convection theory of heat transfer is applied. Thus, the internal velocity increases with an increase in plate temperature. The flow directions of the Marangoni and gravitational flows are opposite, and hence, it may be possible to control the coffee stain effect.

가열된 표면에서의 액적은 일반적으로 내부에 마랑고니 유동이 발생하고, 이는 불균일한 침전물 패턴 형상을 구성하게 된다. 본 연구는 마랑고니 유동을 가시화하고, 수직진동을 사용해서 이를 제어하는 것을 주 목적으로 한다. 액적이 증발하는 동안, 액적의 접촉각 변화와 부피변화를 실험적으로 알 수 있었고, PIV(Particle Image Velocimetry) 실험 장치를 이용하여, 평판 온도별 마랑고니 유동의 내부 유동의 흐름을 가시화하였다. 그리고 평판에 각 주파수별 수직진동을 가해주는 실험을 진행하여, 그 결과 마랑고니 유동의 유동 방향과 수직진동의 유동 방향이 서로 반대인 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 마지막으로 증발하는 액적에 수직진동을 가해줌으로써, 액적의 하단부분에서 내부유동의 흐름변화를 관찰하였다. 마랑고니유동에 의해 발생하는 내부유동 방향과 수직진동으로 발생하는 내부유동의 방향이 서로 반대 방향이므로 가열된 평판에 진동을 가해주었을 때 액적 내부유동의 흐름이 변화가 발생하였고, 이는 곧 불균일한 침전물 패턴이 억제된 것을 증발 후 침전물의 패턴형상을 통해 확인할 수 있었다.

Keywords

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