• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.129-149
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• 1993

The high level of activity in the development and maintenance of computer software makes the scheduling of software projects an importnat factor in reducing operating costs and increasing competitiveness. Software activity is labor intensive. Scheduling management of hours of software work is complicated by ther interdependencies between the segments of work, and the uncertainties of the work itself. This paper discusses issues of scheduling in software engineering management, and presents a modular decomposition model for software project scheduling, taking advantage of the facility for decomposition of a software project into relatively independent work segment modules. Modular decomposition makes it possible to treat scheduling as clustering and sequencing in the context of integer programming. A heuristic algorithm for the model is presented with some computational experiments.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.105-112
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• 2000

For the purpose of building up the construction prospects of highway in consideration of natural environment. The tree planting and flower seeding in highway road side using native species were offered to natural landscape and resting area landscaping for peoples, and these area were 194place. The tree planting and flower seeding activity is to improve driving circumstances, and to conserve living and natural environment along the highways. And, preparation of ecotone and biotope at the highway surroundings for natural ecosystem conservation is an important activity, and planting of natural plants is generally carried out near wildlife ecoroads in order to give the way for animals. The primary purpose of this tree planting and seeding is not only to reduce environmental pollution, but also to enhance the ecological surroundings of highway circumference. Ultimately, It is essential that the constructive method of highway think over such as ecological environment and road design, surveying and management, construction, highway maintenance etc.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.46
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• pp.89-117
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• 2001

Owing to the increase of the aged, a positive analysis was carried out for developing the aged volunteering program. This study aiming at planning for the aged volunteering activation, desirable leasure activity in the dimension of social welfare, by assaying the real states of the aged making the use of the leasure and especially aiming at surveying the aged need in relation with the aged volunteering activity on which to present the revolving method and qualitative advance. The method of study was interview the aged over 60 with the questionnaire of the general features of the participants, the motive, the career, the participation method, the satisfaction degree, the cost necessity, the participation degree, the pre-education, and the desirable program of the volunteering and what is got from the volunteering, etc. The collected data were statistical-processed through Spss Win (Ver 8.0) and chi-square verified. As the result of this study, there are the needs for developing various program, the motivation for the participation and maintenance, and the suitable places for volunteering. The poly-dimensional social welfare approaches are presented for the above needs.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.21-34
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• 2013

Various risk factors affect construction projects. Due to the uncertainties created by risk factors, actual activity durations frequently deviate from the estimated durations in either favorable or adverse direction. For this reason, evaluation of schedule uncertainty is required to make decisions accurately when managing construction projects. In this regard, this paper presents a new computer simulation model - the Repetitive Schedule Risk Analysis Model (RSRAM) - to evaluate unit-based repetitive building project schedules under uncertainty when activity durations and risk factors are correlated. The proposed model utilizes Monte Carlo Simulation and a Critical Path Method based repetitive scheduling procedure. This new procedure concurrently provides the utilization of resources without interruption and the maintenance of network logic through successive units. Furthermore, it enables assigning variable production rates to the activities from one unit to another and any kind of relationship type with or without lag time. Details of the model are described and an example application is presented. The findings show that the model produces realistic results regarding the extent of uncertainty inherent in the schedule.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.603-604
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• 2006

The worker who is responsible for Airless Pump maintenance have a high possibility to suffer from WMSDs, because a height of Airless Pump workbench is too low. In this paper, I'm going to introduce a research about 1) analysis of working environment through a interview with an actual field worker, 2) Ergonomic simulation modeling of an Ariless Pump worker to suggest a advanced working environment and a working instructions. I have used a DELMIA S/W as a tool for ergonomic simulation and performed a posture & activity to analyze a RULA methodology. Applying the Digital Human Simulation to analyze working posture would be helpful to preventing WMSDs.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.44-48
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• 2002

It is necessary to keep Kimchi at 0~5$^{\circ}C$ all around the year to maintain its taste, which is very sensitive to temperature changes. In addition to temperature for maintenance of taste, property of container is also important to control the activity of bacteria involved in Kimchi. As a pottery container is the best one for the bacterial activity, it was used to store Kimchi. Pottery is shielded by cooling pipe directly, and temperature of Kimchi is controlled by the independent temperature controller.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.59-63
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• 2019

Hematopoiesis has a pivotal role in the maintenance of body homeostasis. Ironically, several hematological disorder caused by chemicals, drugs, and other environmental factors lead to severe bone marrow failure. Current treatments like stem cell transplantation and immunosuppression remain ineffective to ameliorate this diseases. Therefore, a newtreatment to overcome this entity is necessary, one of them by promoting the usage of medicinal plants. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the hematopoiesis potency of S. javanica berries and leaves extracts in chloramphenicol (CMP)-induced aplastic anemia mice model. In this present study, several types of blood progenitor cell such as $TER-119^+VLA-4^+$ erythrocytes lineage, $Gr-1^+$ granulocytes, and $B220^+$ B-cell progenitor cells were evaluated by flow cytometry analysis. Accordingly, we revealed that S. javanica berries and leaves extracts significantly promoted $TER-119^+VLA-4^+$ erythrocytes lineage and $Gr-1^+$ granulocytes after exposed by CMP. Thus, these results suggested that S. javanica berries and leaves extracts might have hematopoiesis activity in CMP-induced aplastic anemia mice model.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.448-455
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• 2016

Diffuse pollution management in Korea initiated by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) resulted to the construction of pilot facilities termed Best Management Practices (BMPs). Twelve BMPs installed for the diffuse pollution management in the Kyung-An Stream were monitored since 2006. Data on the mass loading, removal efficiency, maintenance activities, etc. were gathered and utilized to conduct the evaluation of long-term performance of BMPs. The financial data such as actual construction, design and maintenance cost were also collected to evaluate the lifecycle cost (LCC) of BMPs. In this study, most of the maintenance activity was focused in the aesthetic maintenance that resulted to the annual maintenance cost of the four BMP types was closely similar ranging from 8,483 $/yr for retention pond to 8,888 $/yr infiltration system. The highest LCC were observed in constructed wetland ($418,324) while vegetated system had the lowest LCC ($210,418). LCC of BMPs was not so high as compared with the conventional treatment facility and sewage treatment plant. On the other hand, the relationship of removal efficiency on unit cost for TSS and TN was significant. This study will be used to design the cost effective BMP for diffuse pollution management and become models for LCC analysis.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.47-70
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• 2007

In recent days, people's requests about water resources have been developed from managing quality and quantity of water resources to forming a river environment by restoring normal function of river. To meet these requests, it is necessary to establish the concept of environmental flows. In Korea, the environmental flows was introduced as a concept of river maintenance flows in a sense of river management. The function of river maintenance flows has been changed according to what the major issue is in that age such as navigation, water quality, and prevention of saline water intrusion. As the assesment of river maintenance flows in Korea focused mainly on the function of water usage oriented in human, it could not be defined and emphasized in a sense of ecosystem as a pure meaning of environmental flows. And while the existing river maintenance flows are included the assesment of flows, there is not a practical procedure to supply them and the efficient management in a sense of environment is not performed. The environmental flows should be further developed from the river maintenance flows and changed to a new concept focused on maintaining the health of ecosystem. In other words, the environmental flows should be defined as a necessary flows for maintaining the function of river and its original value, and be considered on the same or higher value of flows for maintenance of economic activity, recreation, and power generation.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.718-724
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• 2012

This study aims to examine effects of vision control balance training applied to stroke patients on their balance. 26 stroke patients, the subjects of this study, were divided into an affected side 1/2 vision control group (9), a non-affected side 1/2 vision control group (9), and a non-vision control group (8). After vision control standing on Posturo-med, all of the three groups received balance training 20 minutes four times per week for 8 weeks watching themselves 1M away from a mirror. To measure their balance abilities, measurements were made on their time of balance maintenance and muscle activity prior to the intervention, four 4 after the intervention, and 8 weeks after the intervention. Vision control balance training applied to stroke patients resulted in increase in their time of balance maintenance and significant improvement in vastus medialis muscle activity (p<0.05). This study result is that vision control balance training is considered an effective exercise method for balance training of stroke patients.