• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.17-21
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: In this study, the inhibitory effect of Erythronium japonicum extracts on the metastasis of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell line was determined. MATERIALS/METHODS: Cells were cultured with DMSO or with 50, 75, 100 or $250{\mu}g/ml$ of Erythronium japonicum methanol or ethanol extract. RESULTS: Both methanol and ethanol extracts significantly inhibited the growth and induced apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Erythronium japonicum extracts inhibited the adhesion of MDA-MB-231 cells. The invasion of breast cancer cells was suppressed by Erythronium japonicum extracts in a dose-dependent manner. The motility and MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities were also inhibited by both methanol and ethanol extracts. CONCLUSIONS: Our results collectively indicate that Erythronium japonicum extracts inhibit the growth, adhesion, migration and invasion as well as induce the apoptosis of human breast cancer cells. Clinical application of Erythronium japonicum as a potent chemopreventive agent may be helpful in limiting breast cancer invasion and metastasis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.7601-7605
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• 2013

Background: Gambogenic acid is a major active compound of gamboge which exudes from the Garcinia hanburyi tree. Gambogenic acid anti-cancer activity in vitro has been reported in several studies, including an A549 nude mouse model. However, the mechanisms of action remain unclear. Methods: We used nude mouse models to detect the effect of gambogenic acid on breast tumors, analyzing expression of apoptosis-related proteins in vivo by Western blotting. Effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis and apoptosis-related proteins in MDA-MB-231 cells were detected by MTT, flow cytometry and Western blotting. Inhibitors of caspase-3,-8,-9 were also used to detect effects on caspase family members. Results: We found that gambogenic acid suppressed breast tumor growth in vivo, in association with increased expression of Fas and cleaved caspase-3,-8,-9 and bax, as well as decrease in the anti-apoptotic protein bcl-2. Gambogenic acid inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusion: Our observations suggested that Gambogenic acid suppressed breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell growth by mediating apoptosis through death receptor and mitochondrial pathways in vivo and in vitro.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.3395-3403
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• 2016

Conjugated linoleic acid, a functional lipid, produced from Lactobacillus plantarum (LP-CLA), has been demonstrated to possess apoptotic activity. The anti-proliferative and apoptotic potential of LP-CLA was here evaluated in vitro using the MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell line as a model system. Proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells was inhibited with increasing concentrations of LP-CLA with altered morphological features like cell detachment, rounding of cells and oligonucleosomal fragmentation of DNA. Flow cytometry confirmed the apoptotic potential of LP-CLA by ANNEXIN V/PI double staining. Furthermore, outcome results indicated that the apoptosis was mediated by downregulation of the NF-${\kappa}B$ pathway which in turn acted through proteasome degradation of $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$, inhibition of p65 nuclear translocation, release of cytochrome-C from mitochondria and finally overexpression of Bax protein. Thus, conjugated linoleic acid, a natural product derived from probiotics, could therefore be a possible potential chemotherapeutic agent due to its apoptotic activity against estrogen receptor negative breast cancer cells.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.914-920
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• 2014

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) possesses a higher rate of distant recurrence and a poorer prognosis than other breast cancer subtypes. Interestingly, most of the heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) client proteins are oncoproteins, and some are closely related to unfavorable factors of TNBC patients. 17-Demethoxy-reblastatin (17-DR), a novel non-benzoquinone-type geldanamycin analog, exhibited potent Hsp90 ATPase inhibition activity. In this study, the anticancer effects of 17-DR on TNBC MDA-MB-231 cells were investigated. These results showed that 17-DR inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and suppressed cell invasion and migration in the MDA-MB-231 cells. Down-regulation of the key Hsp90-dependent tumor-driving molecules, such as RIP1 and MMP-9, by 17-DR may be related to these effects. Taken together, our results suggest that 17-DR has potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of TNBC.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.529-541
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• 2022

Objectives: Acanthopanax senticosus is a tree used in traditional medicine for various diseases. In this study, we investigated the anti-cancer effects of a water extract of Acanthopanax senticocus fruit (ASF) on 2 human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231). Methods: The MTT assay was used to assess cell proliferation. The expression of apoptosis-related genes was assessed by quantitative real-time PCR. Results: ASF treatment caused a dose-dependent inhibition of cell growth in both estrogen-independent MDA-MB-231 and estrogen-dependent MCF-7 breast cancer cells. ASF decreased mRNA expression of the apoptotic suppressor gene Bcl-xL, and increased mRNA expression of proapoptotic genes. ASF increased the mRNA expression of p21 and RIP-1 in both cell types. ASF decreased the mRNA expression of survivin in the MCF-7 cell line. Conclusions: ASF exhibits anti-cancer activity involving apoptotic cell death.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.1581-1590
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• 2009

H. fusiformis는 갈조식물, 모자반과의 해조류로서 우리나라의 서해안, 남해안, 및 제주도를 비롯해 중국, 일본 등 아시아 전역에 서식하는 천연자원식물이다. 최근 톳의 항산화 활성에 대한 연구는 활발히 이루어지고 있으나 항암에 대한 연구 및 분자생물학적 기전연구가 많이 미흡한 편이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 인체 유방암세포주인 MDA-MB-231 및 MCF-7 세포를 대상으로 톳 에탄올 추출물(EAHF)에 의한 증식억제에 대하여 조사한 결과, 두 세포주 모두에서 EAHF을 처리하지 않은 군과 비교하여 EAHF의 처리 농도가 증가할수록 암세포의 증식이 현저하게 억제되었고 심한 형태적 변화를 관찰할 수 있었다. 이러한 유방암 세포의 증식억제 및 형태변화는 MDAMB-231에서는 apoptosis 유발과 밀접한 관련이 있음을 알 수 있었고, EAHF에 의해 유발된 apoptosis 정도를 정량적으로 분석하기 위하여 flow cytometry를 이용하여 apoptosis 유발 세포군에 해당하는 sub-G1기에 속하는 세포들의 빈도를 측정하였다. MDA-MB-231세포의 경우는 EAHF의 처리 농도의 증가에 따라 sub-G1기에 해당하는 세포의 빈도가 증가하여 $400{\mu}g/ml$의 농도에서는 약 23% 정도가 나타났지만 MCF-7 세포에서는 apoptosis 유발보다는 G1 arrest 효과가 높게 나타났다. 또한 염색질 응축과 연관된 apoptotic body 형성과 함께 apoptosis 유발의 직접적인 증거에 해당하는 DNA fragmentation 여부를 agarose gel 전기영동으로 조사하였다. MDAMB-231 세포에서는 apoptosis가 일어난 세포들에서 볼 수 있는 전형적인 DNA laddering을 관찰 할 수 있었지만 MCF-7세포에서는 DNA laddering이 거의 관찰되지 않았다. 또한 apoptosis 유발에 관여하는 여러 유전자들의 발현에 EAHF이 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 조사한 결과, MDA-MB-231 및 MCF-7 세포 모두에서 death receptor에 속하는 여러 유전자의 발현에는 아무런 변화가 나타나지 않았으나, MDA-MB-231 세포에서 pro-apoptotic Bax의 발현 증가와 caspase-9 및 -3의 활성화, caspase-3의 기질 단백질들의 분해 등이 관찰되었다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.288-293
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• 2011

In this study, we investigated the effects of the ethanol extract of aerial parts of Raphanus sativus L. (ERL) on breast cancer cell proliferation and gene expression associated with cell proliferation and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. The MDA-MB-231 cells were cultured in the presence or absence of various concentrations (100, 200, or 300 ${\mu}g$/mL) of ERL. ERL significantly decreased cell proliferation after 48 h of incubation (P < 0.05). The protein and mRNA expression of $ErbB_2$ were decreased significantly in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). The protein expression of $ErbB_3$ was decreased significantly at an ERL concentration of 300 ${\mu}g$/mL (P < 0.05), and mRNA expression of $ErbB_3$ was decreased significantly in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). The protein expression of Akt was decreased significantly at the ERL concentration of 200 ${\mu}g$/mL (P < 0.05), and the protein expression of pAkt was decreased significantly in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of Akt was decreased significantly at the ERL concentration of 200 ${\mu}g$/mL ERL (P < 0.05). The protein and mRNA expression of Bax were increased significantly at ERL concentrations of 200 ${\mu}g$/mL or higher (P < 0.05). The protein expression of $Bcl_2$ was increased significantly at ERL concentrations of 100 ${\mu}g$/mL or higher (P < 0.05), and mRNA expression of $Bcl_2$ was increased significantly at an ERL concentration of 300 ${\mu}g$/mL (P < 0.05). In conclusion, we suggest that Raphanus sativus, L. inhibits cell proliferation via the ErbB-Akt pathway in MDA-MB-231 cells.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.221-227
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 생육시기별로 피자두를 수확한 후 피자두의 아세톤 추출물을 이용하여 인간 유래 간암, 위암, 자궁암, 백혈암 및 유방암 세포주에 대한 세포독성효과를 조사하였고, 특히 유방암 세포주인 MDA-MB-231 세포주를 사용하여 피자두의 유방암 세포의 세포주기에 미치는 영향과 세포사 관련 조절 단백질의 발현 양상을 분석함으로써 피자두의 유방암 억제 기전을 살펴보았다. 인간유래의 암세포주를 이용하여 피자두 추출물의 성장 저해 효과를 측정한 결과, 농도 의존적으로 모든 암세포주에 대해 성장 저해 효과를 보였으며, 특히 피자두 1-4의 미숙과 추출물에서 높은 성장 저해 효과를 보였다. 특히 호르몬 비의존성 유방암세포인 MDA-MB-231에 대한 피자두 추출물의 성장 저해 효과는 4mg/mL의 농도의 모든 추출물에서 높은 효과를 보였으며, 피자두 1의 추출물에서는 97%의 높은 성장 저해 효과를 보였다. MDA-MB-231 세포주에 피자두 미숙과 추출물을 처리했을 때 apoptosis를 유도하는 유전자인 Bcl-2 family에 영향을 미치는 것으로 보여지며, 순차적으로 capase-3 활성이 촉진되고, 이것에 의해 apoptosis가 유도되는 것으로 생각된다. 앞으로 이들 활성성분들의 규명과 인체실험과 더불어 피자두 미숙과에 대한 독성평가가 병행된다면 항암과 관련된 기능성 식품과 치료제 등의 개발에 있어 천연소재로서 피자두 미숙과의 유용성을 기대할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.149-157
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• 2021

매실은 주로 한국, 일본, 중국 같은 동아시아에 분포하고, 매실 나무의 열매는 한약재나 식재료로 쓰여왔다. 그러나 매실 열매를 이용한 이전의 연구는 대부분 추출물 형태로 진행하였기에, 많은 식품학적인 활용을 위해 매실 열매의 다양한 가공형태에서의 연구가 필요한 실정이다. 본 연구에선 분무 건조한 매실 식초 분말(SPP)의 이화학적 특성과 생리활성을 평가하였다. SPP의 이화학적 특성에서 당도, pH, 총산도 및 수분 함량은 각각 8.90 °Brix, 3.19, 1.05% 및 3.07%로 확인되었다. SPP의 항산화 활성은 DPPH 라디칼 소거활성, 환원력 및 H2O2 소거활성에서 각각 65.55%, 1.48 및 48.07%로 양성 대조군과 비슷하거나 다소 낮게 유의적으로 높은 항산화 활성을 나타냈다. 또한 SPP를 농도별로 처리함에 따라 MDA-MB-231 인체 유방암 세포에서 유의적인 세포 증식 억제 활성을 보였다. 형태학적 연구에서 MDA-MB-231 세포에서 농도의존적으로 세포의 형태학적 변화가 확인되었고, apoptotic body와 핵의 응축을 나타냈다. 총 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량은 59.58 ㎍/g과 57.56 ㎍/g으로 확인되었다. 이러한 연구 결과를 통해 분무 건조한 매실 식초 분말은 항산화 및 암세포 증식억제능이 있는 기능성 식품 및 천연 의약품 소재로 활용이 가능할 것으로 생각된다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.503-511
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• 2018

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is known to play a critical role in breast cancer metastasis to bone. In this study, we tried to investigate any role of LPA in the regulation of osteoclastogenic cytokines from breast cancer cells and the possibility of these secretory factors in affecting osteoclastogenesis. Effect of secreted cytokines on osteoclastogenesis was analyzed by treating conditioned media from LPA-stimulated breast cancer cells to differentiating osteoclasts. Result demonstrated that IL-8 and IL-11 expression were upregulated in LPA-treated MDA-MB-231 cells. IL-8 was induced in both MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468, however, IL-11 was induced only in MDA-MB-231, suggesting differential LPARs participation in the expression of these cytokines. Expression of IL-8 but not IL-11 was suppressed by inhibitors of PI3K, NF-kB, ROCK and PKC pathways. In the case of PKC activation, it was observed that $PKC{\delta}$ and $PKC{\mu}$ might regulate LPA-induced expression of IL-11 and IL-8, respectively, by using specific PKC subtype inhibitors. Finally, conditioned Medium from LPA-stimulated breast cancer cells induced osteoclastogenesis. In conclusion, LPA induced the expression of osteolytic cytokines (IL-8 and IL-11) in breast cancer cells by involving different LPA receptors. Enhanced expression of IL-8 by LPA may be via ROCK, PKCu, PI3K, and NFkB signaling pathways, while enhanced expression of IL-11 might involve $PKC{\delta}$ signaling pathway. LPA has the ability to enhance breast cancer cells-mediated osteoclastogenesis by inducing the secretion of cytokines such as IL-8 and IL-11.