• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.888-896
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• 2012

Considering the dearth of information regarding the medicinal properties of Luffa cylindrica, we assessed the antioxidative, antimutagenic and hyperplasia inhibitory activity of cancer cells from Luffa cylindrica extracts by employing biological and biochemical assays. Ethanol extracts of Luffa cylindrica inhibited MDA-BSA (malondialdehyde-bovine serum albumin) conjugation reaction ($66.38{\pm}2.65$), DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) radical production ($60.13{\pm}0.42$) and lipid peroxidation ($56.04{\pm}3.24$). In this study, Luffa cylindrica is believed to exert possible antioxidative effects. The direct and indirect antimutagenic effects of the ethanol extracts of Luffa cylindrica were examined by the Ames test using Salmonella typimurium TA98 and TA100. The inhibitory effects on indirect and direct mutagenicity shows an weak tendency, particularly in direct mutagenicity mediated by 2-nitrofluorene in Salmonella typimurium TA98 ($5.82{\pm}5.74$) and in indirect mutagenicity mediated by 2-anthramine in Salmonella typimurium TA100 ($5.76{\pm}2.15$). The ethanol extracts of Luffa cylindrica on cancer cell hyperplasia inhibitory activity via MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay exerted cytotoxic effects on Hela cells ($55.83{\pm}3.83$) and MCF-7 cells ($33.03{\pm}2.09$), which were used in this study. Based on these results, it believed that the ethanol extracts of Luffa cylindrica have antioxidative capacities as well as hyperplasia inhibitory activity of cancer cells. Furthemore, Luffa cylindrica is a candidate for the prevention and dietetic treatment of chronic diseases and for the development of functional food.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.211-214
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• 2006

In 2004 and 2005, Phytophthora rot on Luffa cylindrica which had not been reported in Korea occurred in the experimental field at Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services. The disease initiated on leaves and fruits of the plant with small watersoaked dark brown spots and progressed rapidly. The causal pathogen isolated from diseased tissues was identified as a Phytophthora sp. because of aseptate mycelia and zoospores released directly from sporangia. The fungus grew well on PDA and 10% V-8 juice agar showing an arachnoid or rosaceous colony pattern. Sporangia formed abundantly in water and were conspicuously papillate, noncaducous, ovoid to globose, and sized $26\sim62\times19\sim38{\mu}m$. The fungus was heterothallic as producing sexual reproduction structures only when mated with only A2 standard mating type strain. Oogonia and oospores were spherical, smooth walled, and measured as $20\sim28{\mu}m\;and\;16\sim24{\mu}m$, respectively. Oospores were aplerotic and antheridia were amphigynous, unicellula and spherical. Chlamydospores were globose and $20\sim38{\mu}m$ in diameter. Optimum temperature for growth was around $28\sim30^{\circ}C$. The fungus caused similar symptoms on artificially inoculated plant and could be re-isolated thereby proving Koch's postulation. Based on the mycological criteria investigated in this study, the causal fungus of Luffa sylindrica rot was identified as Phytophthora nicotianae. This is the first report of Phytophthora rot of Luffa cylindrica caused by P. nicotianae in Korea.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.67-69
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• 1996

Some physical properties and inorganic components of sap from sponge-gourd(Luffa cylindrica L.) were investigated for their changes affected as collection time. Huter valves, pH, turbidity and viscosity of the sap were not different. pH value was indicated at slightly alkalinity and decreased by culturing period. Potassium, calcium and magnesium were major inorganic components of the sap and podium, zinc and iron were minor components. Copper was not detected in open culturing and also manganes way not detected in all samples.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.151-158
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• 2020

ACF preparation from different materials has been attached with great attention during these years. This study was conducted to prepare activated carbon fiber (ACF) from luffa through the processes i.e pre-treatment, pre-oxidation and carbonization activation. Besides, this study also characterizes the ACF and its effect, i.e effect of pre-oxidation time and temperature also activation time and temperature on the compressive strength of ACF were investigated. The results from SEM, BET, FTIR and XRD show that the ACF is very efficient. The products under the optimum conditions had a specific surface area of 478.441 m2 /g with an average pore diameter of 3.783nm, and a pore volume of 0.193 cm3 /g. The surface of the luffa fiber is degummed and exposed, which is beneficial to the subsequent process and the increase of product properties. The compressive strength of HP-ACF was prepared under the optimum conditions, which can reach 0.2461 MPa. ACF is rich in micro-pores and has a good application prospect in the field of environmental protection.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.107-110
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• 2016

In October 2014, an occurrence of gray mold was observed on young fruits of sponge gourd (Luffa cylindrica) in Sachunmun, Gangneung, South Korea. Symptoms included abundant mycelia growth with gray conidia on young fruits and finally rotting the fruits. The fungus was isolated from symptomatic fruits and its pathogenicity was confirmed. Based on the morphological features and sequence analysis of ITS-5.8S rDNA, G3PDH, HSP60, and RPB2 genes, the pathogen was identified as Botrytis cinerea Pers. This is the first report of gray mold caused by B. cinerea on L. cylindrica in Korea.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.341-347
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• 2019

Luffa cylindrica (LC) is a very fast-growing climber and its fruit have been considered as agricultural wastes. We conducted to check the comparative qualities of ethanol solvent extraction (LCE) and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (LCS) of L. cylindrica fruit and seed. LCS had higher antioxidant and polyphenol contents than LCE. LCS were significantly increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-a and involucrin expression as epidermal differentiation marker in 3D skin equivalent model. LCS also showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, a causative bacteria in atopic dermatitis. In addition, LCS inhibited the adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells. When treated with the extract at a concentration of 100 ㎍/mL, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway reporter luciferase activity of HEK 293-TOP cells was increased approximately by 2-folds compared to that of the untreated control group. These results indicate that L. cylindrica supercritical carbon dioxide extract may serve as a cosmeceutical for improving skin barrier function and the treatment of obesity.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.249-251
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• 1991

The cytotoxic and antibacterial activities of the leaf, the stem and the seed extracts of Luffa cylindrica were evaluated against L1210 cells and Streptococcus mutans OMZ176, respectively. Among hexane, ether, butanol and water fractions, the ether fraction demonstrated the most potent cytotoxic activity, and the $ED_{50}$ values of the ether extract from the leaf, the stem and the seed were 3.5, 3.7 and $13.7{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. Meanwhile, the other fractions showed negligible effect. Separately, it was found that the antibacterial activity of the respective fraction from three parts was insignificant.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.1019-1022
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• 2008

The chromosome numbers and compositions were investigated in four cultivated species of Cucurbitaceae; Cucumis sativus L., Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. et Nakai, Cucumis melo L., Luffa cylindrica (L.) Roemer. through general aceto-orcein staining method. The chromosome compositions of four species were diploids of 2n=22, 2n=24 and 2n=26 respectively. The chromosomes were relatively small and showed gradual length degradation from $2.50\;{\mu}m$ to $2.16\;{\mu}m$ in Cucumis sativus, $3.71\;{\mu}m$ to $2.11\;{\mu}m$ in Cucumis melo, $3.20\;{\mu}m$ to $2.40\;{\mu}m$ in Citrullus lanatus and $3.17\;{\mu}m$ to $1.97\;{\mu}m$ in Luffa cylindrica. The chromosome types consisted of all metacentrics in Cucumis sativus, seven pairs submetacentrics and five pairs metacertrics in C. melo, four pairs of submetacentrics and seven pairs metacertrics in Citrullus lanatus, and two pairs submetacentrics and eleven pairs metacentrics in Luffa cylindrica (L.) Roemer.. The satellites were found in a pair of chromosomes in C. melo and two pairs in Luffa cylindrica. The chromosome compositions in these four species showed species-specific patterns and seemed to provide useful informations for breeding and molecular cytogenetic works on Cucurbitaceae.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.115-125
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• 2011

Cryptographic hash functions are also called one-way functions and they ensure the integrity of communication data and command by detecting or blocking forgery. Also hash functions can be used with other security protocols for signature, authentication, and key distribution. The SHA-1 was widely used until it was found to be cryptographically broken by Wang, et. al, 2005. For this reason, NIST launched the SHA-3 competition in November 2007 to develop new secure hash function by 2012. Many SHA-3 hash functions were proposed and currently in review process. To choose new SHA-3 hash function among the proposed hash functions, there have been many efforts to analyze the cryptographic secureness, hardware/software characteristics on each proposed one. However there are few research efforts on the SHA-3 from the point of power consumption, which is a crucial metric on hardware module. In this paper, we analyze the power consumption characteristics of the SHA-3 hash functions when they are made in the form of ASIC hardware module. Also we propose power efficient hardware architecture on Luffa, which is strong candidate as a new SHA-3 hash function. Our proposed low power architecture for Luffa achieves 10% less power consumption than previous Luffa hardware architecture.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.101-107
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• 1989

Luffa acutanqula var. amara exhibits floral and extrafloral nectaries. The floral nectaries are restricted to the torus of the male flowers, while the extrafloral nectaries are observed on foliage leaves, probract, outer surface of calyx and pedicels. The floral nectaries develop from a group of epidermal and sub-epidermal initials which differentiate into secretory and subsecretory zones respectively during further divisions. The extrafloral nectary initiates from a single papillate nectary initial which gives rise to mature nectary comprising stalk layer, secretory and subsecretory tissues. Both the floral and extrafloral nectaries are vascularized. Interactions between insect-visitors and the plant with special reference to their functions are also discussed.