• Sim-seong Yeon-gu
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.129-183
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• 2024

This study is an attempt to get closer to the psychological truth of alcohol addiction. After reviewing previous related studies, the experiences of Korean alcoholics were examined, encompassing both the conscious and unconscious aspects. In order to approach the unconscious, the researcher paid attention to the series of dreams that the patients reported, from the perspective of Jungian dream analysis. Working with dreams brought considerable benefits in increasing patient's involvement in the therapeutic process and fostering therapist-patient alliance. It also helped to understand patients' conscious and unconscious aspects further. The results were as follows. On the conscious level, patients showed a long-standing alienation from their true emotional needs, a lack of sufficient experience in genuinely expressing and being accepted with one's own emotion, resulting in the need for emotional re-experience, along with the intense longing for maternal affection. This also meant that they were in need for maternal re-experience, and at the same time, for the associated paternal re-experience. Furthermore, the researcher identified that certain powerful archetypal complexes had been activated in the patient's unconscious in response to their conscious situations, triggering the destructive shadows to emerge and exert a strong influence on their conscious lives. The series of reported dreams shows how the unconscious always properly and diligently compensates, modifying the perspective and attitude of the conscious and gradually opening the doors to healing, even for alcoholic patients. This indicates that the unconscious carries out a specific and consistent guidance role so the conscious can realize and adequately respond to it, and that it also provides the creative force for transforming the conscious life. These findings suggest that alcohol addiction is a psychological condition that can jeopardize one's life by allowing the powerful energy of the unconscious to penetrate the conscious, but at the same time, have the purpose and direction to urge the creative transformation of one's conscious life. From these results, it can be concluded that the first step towards true recovery is for the individual to turn their attention towards the psychological truth occurring within themselves. In this regard, the therapist's role is crucial. This also suggests that various attempts in the field of addiction treatment will blossom their real values when they contribute, directly or indirectly, to the development of one's self-awareness since as long as one continues to turn away from the psychological truth and persist in craving for false objects, their creative healing properties in the unconscious could rather have negative and destructive impacts on their life.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.139-144
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• 2013

Advanced cancer patients tend to present multiple concurrent symptoms which are often moderate or severe in intensity. To date, the majority of studies have focused on either a single symptom, such as pain, fatigue, or depression or associated symptoms. While this approach has advanced understanding of some symptoms, it has offered clinicians not much guidance for treating several multiple concurrent symptoms in cancer patients. So in recent years, a few symptom management studies attempted a new approach of focusing on symptom clusters instead of individual symptoms. A symptom cluster is defined as two or more concurrent symptoms that are related to each other. If we better understand symptom clusters, interrelations of symptoms, and their common mechanisms in advanced cancer patients, clinicians can more effectively control multiple, concurrent symptoms and reduce drug side effects. And clinicians can also predict any other symptoms, functional performance, and the relationship between symptom clusters and survival in advanced cancer patients. At present, there is inconsistency in symptom clusters due to many unexplained mechanisms and various means to assess and analyze symptoms. Still, with further study, the approach to symptom clusters rather than individual symptoms could more effectively control symptoms and improve patients' quality of life.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.89-96
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• 2020

This study is to study Adler's individual psychology and to study the counseling process and counseling techniques based on the counseling theory derived there. The progress of Adler's consultation process is first, and the relationship formation phase is the phase of seeking equal and mutually cooperative relations working as active partners toward agreed objectives between the counselor and the counsellor. Second, the lifestyle search phase is an important goal to understand lifestyle and how lifestyle affects life's task. Third, the insight phase is the one that has insight. Fourth, it is carried out in the financial direction (transformation of behavior). Adler's counseling techniques include general techniques and special techniques, and general techniques include promptness, advice, encouragement, paradoxical intentions, demonstration of poetry, and role play. Special techniques include pressing a doorbell, spitting on a physician's soup, Midas technique, entertaining others, avoiding low-quality children and self-restraint. In conclusion, individual psychological counseling is based on growth model, not medical model, and has more interest in re-education and re-lighting healthy individuals and societies than on the aspect of treatment. Therefore, it applies to various areas such as child guidance centers, parent-child counseling, marital counseling, family counseling, group counseling and treatment, personal counseling for children and adolescents, cultural conflicts and mental health campaigns.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.189-203
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• 2020

Objectives: This study was performed to identify the current barriers of obesity management for children using Community Child Care Centers and their caregivers (parents and teachers working in the Centers). Further, this study explored the possibility of utilizing a mobile phone application for tailored obesity prevention and management programs to overcome the current difficulties associated with children's obesity management. Methods: The qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews with 20 obese and overweight children or children who wanted to participate in this study using Community Child Care Centers, 12 teachers working at the Centers, and a focus group interview with five parents of children using the Centers. Data were analyzed with a thematic approach categorizing themes and sub-themes based on the transcripts. Results: The current barriers of obesity management of obese and overweight children using Community Child Care Centers were lack of self-directed motivation regarding obesity management (chronic obesity-induced lifestyles and reduced self-confidence due to stigma) and lack of support from households and Community Child Care Centers (latchkey child, inconsistency in dietary guidance between the Center and household, repetitive pressure to eat, and absence of regular nutrition education). Mobile phone applications may have potential to overcome the current barriers by providing handy and interesting obesity management based on visual media (real-time tracking of lifestyles using behavior records and social support using gamification), environmental support (supplementation of parental care and network-based education between the Community Child Care Center and household), and individualized intervention (encouragement of tailored and gradual changes in eating habits and tailored goal setting). It is predicted that the real-time mobile phone program will provide information for improving nutritional knowledge and behavioral skills as well as lead to sustainable children's coping strategies regarding obesity management. In addition, it is expected that environmental factors may be improved by network-based education between the Community Child Care Centers and households using the characteristics of mobile phones, which are free from space and time constraints. Conclusions: The tailored education program for children using Community Child Care Centers based on mobile phones may prevent and reduce childhood obesity by overcoming the current barriers of obesity management for children, providing environmental and individualized support to promote healthy lifestyles and quality of life in the future.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.98-105
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• 2016

Group play for sociality is a therapeutic method involving a mixture of various factors, such as targeted activities, perceptions, and physical mobility required in daily life, through group activities to encourage self-expression for the purpose of facilitating sociality. This study was conducted in order to verify its effects by applying it to autistic adolescents who lack communicative ability with others and ultimately to improve their interpersonal relationships and sociality. This study applied a single pre- and post-test experiment design to 8 autistic adolescents with lack of sociality who use a daycare center in Daejeon. The group play for sociality program consisted of two sessions a week for 7 weeks from October to December 2013 for a total of 14 sessions. The sociality of the adolescents before and after the intervention was analyzed by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. As a result of the study, the total grades of the E-CLAC and social maturity test showed significant changes from $39.88{\pm}6.78$ to $47.00{\pm}4.28$ and $49.96{\pm}28.00$ to $61.36{\pm}21.75$, respectively. In detail, there were significant changes in the sub-items, such as adjustment in group, following guidance, and increasing behavioral frequency. In conclusion, it was shown that the combined effect of the group activities, including group play for sociality and play activities taking into consideration the developmental stage of the participants, led to a significant improvement in the sociality of the autistic adolescents.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.203-214
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• 2010

This study will examine the current condition of outdoor play in child care centers and the overall perception of teachers on outdoor play in regards to its related programs and children's reaction to them. Through examining such issues, this study will provide the basic data that can be applied in planning appropriate outdoor play activities, programs and environments. For the study, we surveyed teachers and directors of child care centers using a structured questionnaire. The objects of the survey were 22 child care centers in Daejeon and Seoul, who agreed to conduct the survey. The survey was conducted from August 1 to September 30 2006; 220 copies were distributed, and 188 copies were collected. The results of the study can be summarized as follows: 1) The number of outdoor plays per week were on average 1~2 in most cases, although teachers believed the play should be done everyday. Outdoor play time was mostly 21~30 minutes, while teachers thought 31~40 minutes as appropriate. Children's reaction scored the highest when they played outdoors for 30 minutes every day with their teachers involved in the play. As a result, we have concluded that the appropriate outdoor play should be conducted everyday for 30~40 minutes. 2) Outdoor play was mostly conducted as part of the overall educational plan rather than a separate plan. Since outdoor play affects children's development as much as indoor play, there is a need for development of a specific and separate plan for various outdoor play programs. 3) The outdoor play program that was most often conducted was equipment play and sand play. This indicated the monolithic nature of the outdoor program. Given the fact that children enjoy outdoor plays a lot (M=4.71), various programs including adventure play, sensitive play, and carpenter play should be developed. 4) In outdoor play, the teacher's role included supervising and interacting with children. According to the survey, teachers had a good understanding of the importance on safety and supervising issues in outdoor plays. However they seemed to overlook the importance of having better programs and improving teacher's participation to the play. Despite the importance of outdoor play to children's development, the result shows that teachers have tendencies to limit and obstruct outdoor plays by emphasizing supervising and safety issues instead. 5) Children's safety should not be the only consideration for outdoor plays; teachers ought to better understand that children's development can be maximized by the play. Furthermore, there should be emphasis placed on the program development and teacher's participation; teacher's participation should actively encourage the interactions between a child and a teacher, as well as among children.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.489-494
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• 2003

Odontomas are the common type of odontogenic tumors and generally they are asymptomatic, depending upon size, location and their limited growth potential. they are rarely diagnosed before the second decade of life, and the frequently lead to impaction or delayed eruption of permanent teeth. Odontomas are classified of compound as compound or complex by morphology. Complex odontomas are unorganized masses of odontogenic tissues, morphologically not resembling the teeth, account for approximately 25 percent of all odontomas, 22 percent of odontogenic tumor of the jaws, and have a predilection for the posterior mandible in males. The etiology of odontomas is unknown, although local trauma, infection, and genetic factors have been suggested. Usually, treatment of odontoma is conservative sugical removal and their is little probability of recurrence. This paper describes two cases of complex odontomas diagnosed in children due to impaction of maxillary first molar in all cases, the surgical excision of the lesions was performed. Follow-up after 2 years, showed spontaneous eruption of the first permanent molar to the occlusal plane.

• The Korean Journal of Elementary Counseling
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.217-245
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• 2007

This research work was aimed at assisting isolated children to adapt their school life having examined the process of their changes by reducing isolation level and isolative behavior through means of implementing group art therapy program. To accomplish this purpose of research, 36 participants were selected from children attending Class 6, 4th Grade of D Elementary School located in Dajeon Metropolitan City, to which researcher was served as homeroom teacher. And the participants were asked to complete a survey that included social and emotional isolation scale test which was designed by Heh Sung-hee(1993) and 4 children marked more than 96 points were designated as isolated children. The group art therapy program exercised in this research was the one that reorganized by research to suit the research purpose based on the precedent works, and survey was conducted total 12 times, two time a week, within 60 minutes per time, between 6 September and 24 October 2006, and researcher conducted group art therapy program directly at Class 6, 4th Grade of D Elementary School using extra hours after school. And following analyses were performed in relation to results therefrom: First, to analyze changes of isolation level of isolated children Quantitatively, the results from pre and post test concerning social and emotional isolation scale were comparatively analyzed. Second, to analyze changes of psychological state of isolated children, projective drawing tests were performed using Kinetic House-Tree-Person(K-HTP) Drawing and Kinetic School Drawing(KSD) and results therefrom were comparatively analyzed. Third, to analyze Quantitatively what changes have been occurred in the isolated children during the course of forming interrelationships with group members while participating in group art therapy, proceedings were summarized per each stage of the program and analyzed accordingly. Fourth, results from researcher's observation of what changes have been occurred in the isolative behavior of isolated children before and after implementation of group art therapy were compared accordingly. Followings are resulting conclusions. First, group art therapy program reduced isolation level of isolated children. Second, group art therapy program changed the isolated children's psychological state into a stable and positive fashion. Third, isolated children became able to experience positive interrelations as well as establishment of new human relationships with group members during the course of participating in the group art therapy program. Fourth, group art therapy program reduced isolative behaviors of the isolated children. Therefore, conclusions could have been reached that the group art therapy program implemented in this research reduced isolative behaviors of the isolated children, and changed their anxious and depressed mental state into stable and positive ones, also established positive interrelationships as well as new human relationships. And, it will be able to expect a greater effect if a program which has been associated with their family could be proceeded along with continuous guidance and teaching having developed objective test tools that will discern isolated children.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.131-140
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• 2011

This study is to investigate the satisfaction rate and relative factors from the students majored in Radiology, Clinical Pathology and Physical Therapy, which can provide basic knowledge of satisfaction and guide the university life and further careers. The survey was performed with respect to 107 students of Radiology, 97 of Clinical Pathology and 89 of Physical Therapy at three-year or four-year colleges(universities) located in Busan and Gyeongsangnam-do. The results show that the satisfaction rate through whole majors was $3.40{\pm}0.57$ point. The scores of each major are: $3.38{\pm}0.62$ for Radiology, $3.37{\pm}0.56$ for Clinical Pathology, and $3.45{\pm}0.50$ for Physical Therapy. The score of social status was highest and the environment of major was the lowest. The satisfaction of three-year colleges was higher than that of four-year universities. Academic system, social status and adaptation to major affected satisfaction on major. In addition job outlook affected on all majors. Thus, we propose that every major must be equipped with specialized environment different from general colleges (universities), and provide environment where students can cause self-motivation. In addition, we found the special way to improve social status and satisfaction by using career guidance, offering career information and performing university-industry collaborations. Especially, it is important to improve the satisfaction on major of students at four-year universities.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.256-265
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• 2013

With economic development and ever-changing technology, human has entered the era of "Product-as-a-Service". At the same time, the update of the product gradually accelerated. The demand of consumers for products are slowly changed, they pay more attention to convenience, comfort and reliable quality and safety of the product. That is the humanized design problem that often mentioned in the product design. This also put forward new requirements for the design and development of product modeling. So how to reflect the humanized ideas in the product design has also become common focus of attention of product designers, users and producers of a new era. The paper is based on the principles of ergonomics to investigate and improve the daily life utensil - flashlight. Firstly, make a sample survey of the flashlight in Beijing market and analyze the characteristics and problems of flashlight products. Secondly, explore the use of the flashlight and proposed Flashlight curved grip design to reduce the occurrence of wrist discomfort and damage to the body caused by poor posture of the operation of users. Finally, determine the range of the length and width of the body of the flashlight according to the length and width measurement data of the Chinese palm. Wishing that the improvements of flashlight products in ergonomics can improve use of feelings of these products and give a theoretical guidance for solving similar problems.