• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.419-430
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• 2017

This study aims to analyze the effect of the exhibition's image toward Visitor's Satisfaction and Behavioral Intention (re-visit and recommendation), and to investigate the influence relationship between visitor's satisfaction and behavioral intention. Thus, the survey is carried out to 489 visitors from Daejeon International Wine Fair and the result shows as following. First, after the analysis of local exhibition's image, 6 factors(wonderfulness tendency, experience tendency, purchase tendency, entertainment tendency, and utility tendency) come out. Second, the impact on image of exhibition's image from 6factors is sequentially followed as wonderfulness tendency, experience tendency, purchase tendency, entertainment tendency, and utility tendency, however the local tendency have no impact on. Third, in the influence relationship between re-visit and exhibition image- as a following order- wonderfulness, purchase tendency, experiment tendency, entertainment tendency and local tendency are sequentially have an impact. Forth, the result of the analysis for influence between elements of the exhibition's image factor and the intention of recommendation shows that wonderfulness, experience tendency, entertainment tendency, and purchase tendency elements had a meaningful influence on the intention of recommendation however, local tendency and utility tendency do not have an impact. Fifth, the satisfaction of visitors have an affirmative influence on the intention of behavior(re-visit and recommendation).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.648-654
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• 2016

This paper investigates differences of tourism destination choices for sightseeing in Seoul between first-time visitors and repeat visitors. We constructed social network using secondary data from '2015 International Visitor Survey' and analyzed its density and centrality. Study results find that: (1) first-time and repeat visitors' tourism destinations are concentrated in areas located north of the Han river. The proximity of destinations suggests the positive effects resulting from the movement network. (2) As the result of degree centrality, closeness centrality, betweenness centrality, the highest ranking tourism destinations for both visitor groups are identical, but indexes of centralities in repeat visitors' destinations increase, including Shinchon/ Hongik University, Gangnam station, and Garosu-gil. Therefore, the roles of these destinations are becoming established as tourism hubs and are popular among younger visitors as well as attract repeat visitors. Results of this study will be a useful reference in developing and managing new tourism products.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.42-59
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• 2023

Purpose - As a leading source of foreign exchange and investment, tourism has grown in importance as a component of international trade. Accordingly, in recent decades much attention has been directed toward attracting foreign tourists and, in turn, positively affecting the recommendation intentions of foreign tourists. Despite such interests, there remains a dearth of empirical research on this issue. Moreover, prior research has focused primarily on the simple main effect of a certain factor on recommendation intentions. Therefore, the present study aims to (1) investigate the effect of overall satisfaction on the recommendation intentions of foreign tourists, and (2) examine the potential moderating effects of personal factors (i.e., age and destination image) on the association between overall satisfaction and recommendation intention. Design/methodology - Using a moderated moderation analysis of the data drawn from the 2018 International Visitor Survey conducted by the Korea Tourism Organization, this study proposes the three-way interaction effects of overall satisfaction, age, and destination image on recommendation intention. Findings - The findings of the study indicate that overall satisfaction is positively associated with recommendation intention and this relationship becomes stronger among younger tourists. The findings further indicate that the moderating effect of age on the relationship between overall satisfaction and recommendation intention depends on changes in the image of the destination. Specifically, the destination image exerts a positive moderating impact on the influence of age that moderates the overall satisfaction and recommendation intention relationship. Originality/value - Considering that the tourism economy has been severely affected by the current COVID-19 pandemic, this study contributes to a more accurate understanding of the factors affecting the recommendation intention, especially in times of crisis.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.117-128
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• 2017

This study aims to propose measures to consistently induce Chinese tourists who represent the largest percentage of inbound tourism from foreign countries, utilizing raw data of 2015 Korea International Visitor Survey conducted by the Korea Culture & Tourism Institute under the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism. Differences and influence factors for overall satisfaction on travel in Korea, intention to revisit Korea, and intention to recommendation were analyzed by demographic characteristics and tourism characteristics of Chinese consumers. As a result of analysis study, it came out that there are differences between overall satisfaction on travel in Korea and intention to revisit Korea by age and job of demographic characteristics. Among the tourism characteristics, there are differences in intention to revisit Korea depending on purpose of travel, intention to revisit Korea and recommendation according to route of travel information search, and there are differences in all three categories according to type of travel. The most important factor of all three category was identified as 'Food' factor and the second most influential factors were immigration procedures, security, and tourist attractiveness. It is suggested that more active research and improvement efforts are needed in the government, industry, and academia in order to attract Chinese tourists in the future.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.211-219
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to find out how to improve tourism competitiveness of cruise harbours in Korea by analyzing tourism satisfaction level of international cruise visitors to Korea, who are increasing rapidly as Northeast Asian cruise tourism market is growing up. In this study we analyzed the factors of effects on tourism satisfaction level by Chinese visitors, Japanese visitors and English speaking visitors respectively based on the results of "International Cruise Visitor Survey 2012". The results of this study show that the individual satisfaction level of port of calling & tour schedule, immigration procedures, transportation, shopping influenced overall tourism satisfaction level by countries. It implied that those attributes should be reflected hereafter when we establish a marketing strategy for each of cruise cities. This study has a great significance in that those results suggest useful information when we make plans not only for activating cruise harbours but also for cruise tour marketing.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.60-75
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to look for useful implications in its next application or similar planning by assessing visitors' recognition of International Garden Exposition Suncheon Bay Korea 2013. To do this, blogs acknowledged as powerful communication media in modern information society were used. After searching for blogs related to International Garden Exposition Suncheon Bay Korea in the portal site ranked first in the domestic market share, this study classified 300 cases. This study was able to grasp the consciousness as bloggers gave descriptions of information and impressions and experiences of spaces without making any adjustments. The survey results are as follows: First, Dutch gardens were the most preferred, followed by Korean gardens, Chinese gardens and French gardens; in general, visitors were not satisfied with the national gardens. Inquiry is needed into the method of determining diverse cultural identity rather than a sample garden type through blogs delivering regret regarding the world gardens. Second, the survey results showed that the level of awareness of designers' gardens was low. This study judges that more emphasis should be placed on their roles as places speaking for the original purpose of the garden exposition which introduces gardening art and design through experimental design. Third, it was understood that many bloggers were deeply impressed by ephemeral landscapes like the change in landscape consequent on the elapse of time, distinctive atmosphere, and detailed-landscapes. These aspects are important landscape elements, and those elements should be addressed with weight in a subsequent study. Fourth, the most impressive places are 'Suncheon Lake Garden' and 'Bridge of Dreams', which are establishing themselves as icons of International Garden Exposition Suncheon Bay Korea 2013. However, relatively, public attitude towards the world gardens and designers' gardens are weak. Fifth, bloggers were providing a variety of information like transportation, events schedules, ticket purchasing & prices, discount information, etc. Ticket price was commented on the most, and most of the bloggers thought ticket prices were 'expensive'. This study understands such a phenomenon as a result of the general population's non-establishment of the perception that it's proper to view gardens at visitors' own expense. Generally, bloggers expressed satisfaction with International Garden Exposition Suncheon Bay Korea 2013, but with criticism as well. Their criticism included disappointing matters, to be improved upon and wishes without any distortion, providing meaningful implications deserving reference for similar cases. In this context, a blogger could be called a citizen-reviewer while a blog could be referred to as 'a field of informal discourse' for the public. As a research method of this study, blogs are difficult to interpret as they are subjective and personal, and have limited data analysis through their quantifications; however, blogs as methods of recognition survey are channels for varied, concrete and detailed awareness which are hard to grasp through a questionnaire survey or interviews. This study judges that such an aspect of a blog could be a useful means of grasping and reflecting upon visitors' attitude in future studies.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.1075-1084
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• 2022

The use of Hi-Tech in cultural heritage preservation and the promotion of cultural heritage values in general, particularly artifacts, opens new opportunities for attracting tourists while also posing a challenge due to the need to reward high-quality excursions to visitors historical and cultural values. Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Hi-Tech in new building management have been widely adopted in the construction industry; however, Historic Building Information Modeling (HBIM) is an exciting challenge in 3D modeling and building management. For those reasons, the Scan-to-HBIM approach involves generating an HBIM model for existing buildings from the point cloud data collected by Terrestrial 3D Laser Scanner integrated with Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), contributes to spatial historic sites simulation for virtual experiences. Therefore, this study aims to (1) generate the application of Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality to Historic Building Information Modeling - based workflows in a case study which is a monument in the city; (2) evaluate the application of these technologies to improve awareness of visitors related to the promotion of historical values by surveying the experience before and after using this application. The findings shed light on the barriers that prevent users from utilizing technologies and problem-solving solutions. According to the survey results, after experiencing virtual tours through applications and video explanations, participant's perception of the case study improved. When combined with emerging Hi-Tech and immersive interactive games, the Historic Building Information Modeling helps increase information transmission to improve visitor awareness and promote heritage values.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.1405-1415
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• 2015

This study is conducted to determine the damage, distinguish the types and identify the restoration by that type for 13 Korea national parks out of 21. There are 21 Korea national parks are in Korea covering 6.67% of the country or $6,656km^2$ ($3,902km^2$ on land and $2,754km^2$ in the sea) currently since the area around Jirisan ($440km^2$) was designated as the first Korea national parks in 1967. With the cancellation of entrance admission on Korea national parks since 2007, annual visitors to the Korea national parks have grown from 37 millions in 2008 to 46 millions by 2013 and continue to grow due to numerous leisure activities, alpine activities and social changes. As such, Korea national parks are natural resource with high value to be conserved and are attracting significant attention as recreational spaces for people at the same time. On the other hand, there have been issues of soil erosions or disturbed vegetation due to increased number of visitor to the national parks. Korea national parks area damage to its type and damage characteristics to analyse the 13 Korea national parks out of 21 on July 2012 March, Korea national parks over the subjects of the National Park from damaged area status Survey analysis by the Korea National Park Service. As a result, 203 million units in the 16 Korea national parks damaged land of the reform package during ecological trail (including non-regular hiking trails) 153 (77.66%), damaged valleys 20(9.14%) independent damaged area, 13 disconnected ecological axis(7.61%), closed trail(2.03%) (3.55%), and line type damage(like a non-regular hiking trails) appears to be a high ratio. Korea national parks damaged land of the results identified, by contrast ratio and the annual number of visitors Bukhansan national park(49.26%), Gyeongju national park(23.65%) damaged land rates, such as Seorasan national park(4.93%), Songnisan national park (4.43 %), Gyeryongsan national park(3.45%), and the annual number of visitors be similar result. The National Park Service has been reporting on damages and restorations but damages and their types have not been established yet. Damages have been generally studied and categorized on hiking trails due caused by heavy traffic on them but the reports were limited on hiking trails only. Since damage to the Korea national parks are not limited on the hiking trails, it is necessary to determine damages in various aspects. Thus, in this study, damage types, spatial characteristics, causes and restorations are analyzed based on the survey results of damages to national parks in order to provide a basis for the efficient management and operation of the Korea national parks.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.123-135
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to compare the tourism characteristics, satisfaction and influential factors of the three main tourist countries of China, Japan and the US, And to explore differentiation areas. For this purpose, data from 5,160 national tourist consumers extracted from the survey data of foreign tourists in 2016 provided by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism were used for analysis. As a result, there were statistically significant differences in itemized satisfaction and overall satisfaction by country. Especially, the common itemized-satisfaction factors affecting overall satisfaction of Chines, Japanese and American tourism consumers were 'food' and 'shopping'. In addition, individual factors affecting the satisfaction of inbound tourism consumers were derived differently, and it is required to search tourism industry upbringing policies according to their characteristics and needs. The results of this study are expected to help establish strategies for attracting foreign tourists in the future.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.93-105
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• 1986

The historical study reveals that our ancestors had maintained a system which could produce data on the number of population and households as well as on their characteristics. For example, such data on age structure of the population, number of births, number of deaths by age & sex, number of in & out migrants were found in an historical document for the year 755. The main purposes of maintaining the system at that time were taxation and conscription. As the system evolves, another function of identifying the legal status of people was also added. Looking into the figures for those days reveals that ommission rates of the number of population and households were high. Thus, in an effort to obtain a reliable data, the annual population survey system was introduced as of 1 September 1896. This date is now cerebrated as the Statistics Day. Since then, the survey system has been diversified. At the present time, there are three major data sources which produce the statistics on population and households: Civil Registration System (vital statistics), Resident Registratiton System (migration statistics) and Population Census. However, these three systems are found to have some problems to produce the accurate data. There are some inherent problems in the registration systems such as problems in its coverage, accuracies in contents and timeliness in reporting the vital events and publishing the results. The population census has also non-sampling errors such as errors in coverage, response and non-response. Apart from the above mentioned problems, there are also conflicting problems arised from having different three data source. We can find some overlapping problems in laws and difficulties in comparative studies between regions. In the future, these problems should be taken into consideration for the improvement of the quality of statistics on population and households.