• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.33-37
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• 2013

LCPV modules under 5 suns consist of reflective optics and receiver modules, similar to a typical fixed concentration PV module. If they are to be used as a compound parabolic concentrator, which is filled with a dielectric material, a compact plate structure of the fixed CPV can be designed and built at a large acceptance angle. These types of flat-$plate{\mu}$-LCPV modules are suitable for building integrated photovoltaic modules, facade applications, mobile devices, and small home appliances. Therefore, in this study, the possibilities for other application devices were studied and presented by designing and fabricating LCPCs for CPV modules.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.727-733
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• 1998

In this short paper we shall find some properties on multiplication modules and prove three theorems.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.284-290
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• 2007

Thermal insulation effectiveness of the aluminum insulator depending on the direction of its glossing face, number of layer and allocation position was investigated. Modules were assembled by the combination of the variables levels and experimented for the case of 100 W and 40 W heating in the modules. The temperatures in the modules with the aluminum insulator were higher than those of the modules with polyester curtains. For the modules with one layer aluminum insulator, the inside temperatures of the modules with the direction of the glossing face outward were higher than those of the modules of inward. For two layer of aluminum insulator, the directions of those glossing faces were recommended to be the same direction for higher thermal insulation effectiveness. For the modules without heating, the temperature difference between the modules were not significant. The black globe temperatures in the modules were changed with the similar tendencies with the dry bulb temperatures in the modules. Those of the black globes were higher than those of the dry bulb temperatures as a whole. It was more distinguished for the modules of inward direction.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.499-511
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• 2006

It is well-known that every finitely generated torsion-free module over a principal ideal domain is free. This will be generalized. We deal with ideals of the finite, external direct product of certain rings. Finally, if M is a torsion-free, finitely generated module over a reduced, Noetherian ring A, then we prove that Ms is a projective module over As, where $S=A{\setminus}(A)$.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.553-563
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• 2017

Different topological dimensions related to the pseudo-prime spectrum of topological modules are studied. An example of topological modules is introduced. Also, we give a result about Noetherianness of the pseudo-prime spectrum of topological modules.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.37-47
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• 2013

Let M and X be right R-modules. We introduce several modules relative to the class of B(M, X) and we investigate relation among these modules. In this note, we show if M is X-${\oplus}$-supplemented such that $M=M_1{\oplus}M_2$ implies $M_1$ and $M_2$ are relatively B-projective, then M is an X-H-supplemented module.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.971-985
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• 2014

All modules considered in this note are over associative commutative rings with an identity element. We show that a ${\omega}$-local module M is Rad-supplemented if and only if M/P(M) is a local module, where P(M) is the sum of all radical submodules of M. We prove that ${\omega}$-local nonsmall submodules of a cyclic Rad-supplemented module are again Rad-supplemented. It is shown that commutative Noetherian rings over which every w-local Rad-supplemented module is supplemented are Artinian. We also prove that if a finitely generated Rad-supplemented module is cyclic or multiplication, then it is amply Rad-supplemented. We conclude the paper with a characterization of finitely generated amply Rad-supplemented left modules over any ring (not necessarily commutative).

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.289-298
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• 2017

Let R denote a commutative Noetherian (not necessarily local) ring and let I be an ideal of R of dimension one. The main purpose of this note is to show that the category ${\mathfrak{M}}(R,\;I)_{com}$ of I-cominimax R-modules forms an Abelian subcategory of the category of all R-modules. This assertion is a generalization of the main result of Melkersson in [15]. As an immediate consequence of this result we get some conditions for cominimaxness of local cohomology modules for ideals of dimension one. Finally, it is shown that the category ${\mathcal{C}}^1_B(R)$ of all R-modules of dimension at most one with finite Bass numbers forms an Abelian subcategory of the category of all R-modules.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.29-35
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• 2010

This study has been carried out empirical research on Transparent Thin-film BIPV modules, BIPV modules installed on the exterior of the building are applied a laminated module 1kWp, double-glazing module 3kWp and triple-glazing module 1kWp. Applied to the total capacity of BIPV modules are 5kWp. In this study, design and construction process of BIPV systems is presented. In addition, through monitoring of the BIPV system, the temperature and the power characteristics of each module were analyzed. During the measurement period, the module temperature measurement results, the maximum surface temperature of $51.5^{\circ}C$ triple-glazing BIPV module showed the highest, followed by double-glazing BIPV module $49.1^{\circ}C$, $44.7^{\circ}C$ laminated modules, respectively. Power output results, the daily average double-layer modules showed 4.10kWh/day, triple-glazing module 1.57kWh, respectively 1.81kWh laminated modules. In particular, the power efficiency of triple-glazing BIPV module was lower than the power efficiency of the laminated BIPV module. This phenomenon is considered to be affected by the module temperature. In the future, BIPV modules in this study the relationship between module temperature and power characteristics plans to identify.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1293-1302
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• 2014

A flyback inverter using voltage sensorless maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for photovoltaic (PV) AC modules is presented. PV AC modules for a power rating from 150 W to 300 W are generally required for their small size and low price because of the installation on the back side of PV modules. In the conventional MPPT technique for PV AC modules, sensors for detecting PV voltage and PV current are required to calculate the PV output power. However, system size and cost increase when the voltage sensor and current sensor are used because of the addition of the auxiliary circuit for the sensors. The proposed method uses only the current sensor to track the MPP point. Therefore, the proposed control method overcomes drawbacks of the conventional control method. Theoretical analysis, simulation, and experiment are performed to verify the proposed control method.