• 간호행정학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.387-395
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the educational outcome of applied integrated curriculum in a nursing college. In order to evaluate the educational outcome students' ability was surveyed for the four main elements of the curriculum. Four main elements were ability in application of nursing process, communication skill, critical thinking disposition, and competence in nursing profession. Method: The subjects were 97 nursing students who had been educated by the integrated curriculum for 4 years. Data were collected using self-report questionnaire on Dec. 6, 2006, and analyzed by using ANOVA, t-test, and pearson correlation coefficient. Result: The mean score of ability in application of nursing process was 3.78/5.00, communication skill was 3.98/5.00, critical thinking disposition was 3.73/5.00, and competence in nursing profession was 4.04/5.00. There was a significant correlation between four main elements of the curriculum. There was a significant difference in students' level of ability according to subjects' evaluation to the curriculum. Conclusion: The study results suggested that review and supplementation of the integrated curriculum. And further study on the educational outcome in order to upgrade the curriculum are needed.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2013

This study aims to recognize that creative thinking methodologies can be adopted in the spatial design. The concept of 'Convergent' and 'Divergent' used in structure of intellect model by Guilford is chosen to understand the character of creative thinking methodologies. Technical and physical contradictions is analyzed for '40 inventive principles' of TRIZ and spatial design works. Through this study, we recognize that the creative thinking methodologies consist of analysis, idea generation and evaluation phase. The psychological inertia that limits the creative thinking should be move away from solving problem, and convergent and divergent thinking have peculiarities to be adopted in condition and to be harmonized, and to set the direction of solving technical problems through to reach the target point integrated way of thinking is needed. '40 inventive principles' by Altshuller are based on engineering and useful in many areas of fields. However some principles are not accepted in design process because these are not considered in design field and paradigm is changed from machine to nature. Nowadays, nature is a prime issue for sustainable human life, because it has sustainable recycle structure and saving energy ways. Thus, creative thinking, including TRIZ is useful in design education and progress, and should be an essential element to get a new design paradigm.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.581-605
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 유아들을 대상으로 수학적 과정 중심 교수학습법을 통한 수학적 사고 변화에 대하여 관찰하고 그 내용을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 설문조사와 현장 관찰을 통한 상황분석을 실시하여 구성한 수학적 과정 중심 교수학습법을 서울에 위치한 유치원에 재원중인 만 5세, 12명을 대상으로 적용하여 질적 연구를 시행하였다. 연구 결과는 문제해결하기, 추론과 증명하기, 연계하기, 표상하기, 의사소통하기의 다섯 가지 수학적 과정이 교사-유아, 유아-유아의 상호작용을 통해 구체화되어 유아의 수학적 사고를 자극하고 변화를 창출하였다. 또한 수학적 지식이 내재되고 통합된 문제 상황을 교사가 제시하고 수학적 과정에 중점을 두어 유아들이 또래와 협력적으로 문제를 해결하면서 수학적 과정과 수학적 태도에 변화가 일어났다. 즉 유아의 수학적 사고는 수학적 지식이 내재된 수학적 과정을 통해 수학적 태도의 긍정적인 변화과정 안에서 통합되어 증진되었다.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.61-71
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the simulation education integrated with problem based learning on critical thinking disposition and self-efficacy on paramedic students. Methods: The study subjects were 48 students. Pre and post design with nonequivalent control group was assigned. The experimental group received the one week education for 4 weeks(4 sessions in total) with 90 minutes for each session. The control group received a regular skill training curriculum. Results: The experimental group showed significantly higher improvement of self-efficacy and critical thinking disposition preference compared with the control group. Conclusion: These findings indicate that simulation education with scenario was effective in improving the critical thinking disposition and self-efficacy in paramedic students.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제34호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2002

It was investigated on the logical inter-relationship with plastic thinking systems in interior space constitution. Followings were produced the conclusion of study from the plastic thinking. First of all plastic thinking could be interpreted as the stage-oriented process from various approaching by intuitional, experimental techniques through the expansion of thinking capability with linguistic activities. And also interior space constitution could be extracted from the plastic language relating with design concept, could be extracted the design element by processing on the formation process based on material's physical properties. Next, space perception and constitution should be followed the massive perception between empty and full space based on the interrelationship. Additionally the constitution of interior space could be established through axis, integrated with detail functions. Interior space constitution could be accomplished on the study of material based on the characteristics of material, planned to coincide with the space's characteristics in selection for texture.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.83-97
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• 2015

Purpose: Traditionally, information technology acceptance have been considered one of the most important research issues. However non-acceptance, which was main objective of acceptance theories, have not been included in main research area by communities of information systems. This study is to identify the factors influencing non-acceptance of information technology and suggest a total research model for explaining the phenomena of non-acceptance. Design/methodology/approach: Grounded theory was adopted as a principal research method. which is an inductive technique of interpreting qualitative data about a social phenomenon to build theories about that phenomenon. Data were collected by depth interview and open question on potential non-adopters during 3 months. The collected data were coded by two main coding paradigm in ground theory, open coding and axis coding. Findings: Factors influencing non-acceptance, status quo, imitation, value evaluation, and concerning risk were extracted from open coding. These factors were integrated into system 1 thinking and system 2 thinking, which were from axis coding. More specifically, status quo and imitation are system 1 thinking which are more responsive and emotional thinking and value evaluation and concerning risk are system 2 thinking which are more rational and reasoning thinking.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제63권2호
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• pp.255-272
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• 2024

본 연구의 주요 목적은 인공지능 사고를 함양할 수 있는 수학 융합 수업을 설계하고 이를 적용함으로써 나타나는 초등학생들의 인공지능 사고를 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위해 미국의 AI4K12 Initiative가 개발한 인공지능 빅 아이디어의 학습목표(Learning Objective) 및 지속적 이해(Enduring Understanding)와 2015 개정 초등학교 수학과 교육과정 성취기준을 연계하여 인공지능 사고 함양을 위한 수학 융합 수업을 설계 및 실시하였다. 수학적 내용 수업 2개, 수학적 과정 수업 2개로, 수학적 내용 수업은 인공지능 빅 아이디어의 Perception-Processing, Learning-Nature of Learning과 연계하였으며 수학적 과정 수업은 Representation & Reasoning-Search, Representation & Reasoning-Reasoning과 연계하였다. 설계한 수업 중 Learning-Nature of Learning을 제외한 세 개의 수업을 대상 학년에 맞추어 K 초등학교 5학년 두 학급, 6학년 한 학급에 적용하였다. 수업 중 학생 담화 및 활동지, 수업 관찰 자료를 수집하였으며, 이를 컴퓨팅 사고 분류 체계를 기반으로 인공지능 사고 구성 요소를 추가하여 구성한 인공지능 사고 분석틀을 사용하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 인공지능 빅 아이디어가 인공지능 사고 함양을 위한 수학 융합 수업 설계 시 준거로서 기능할 수 있고 이를 통해 초등학생들에게도 인공지능 교육이 가능함을 확인할 수 있었다. 수학 융합 수업은 학생들의 다양한 인공지능 사고를 촉진할 수 있었는데, 구체적으로 수업 과정에서 데이터, 모델링과 시뮬레이션, 컴퓨팅 문제해결, 인공지능 사고 요소가 다양하게 나타난 것에 비해 시스템 사고 요소가 나타나는 빈도수는 상대적으로 적었다. 또한 입체도형 및 공간감각 등의 수학적 내용 요소와 수학 교과역량에 해당하는 수학적 과정 요소의 성취를 보여주었다. 요컨대 인공지능 빅 아이디어를 기반으로 한 수학 융합 수업은 초등학생들의 인공지능 개념 및 원리 이해와 수학적 내용 요소의 이해 및 과정 요소의 강화에 도움이 된다고 할 수 있다. 더욱이 학생들은 수업 중 기존 문제해결 방법의 구조적 일관성을 유지한 채 이를 새로운 문제해결로 확장하는 모습을 보여주었는데, 이러한 반응을 통해 인공지능 사고의 전이 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구 결과에 기초하여, 대상 학년과 빅 아이디어의 하위 요소를 확장함으로써 초등학생들의 다양한 인공지능 사고 요소를 함양하려는 수학 수업 설계를 통한 교수학적 노력 및 지속적인 연구가 필요하다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.11-24
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• 2003

The key features of our integrated approach to teaching and loaming college mathematics include interactive and discussion-based teaching, small group work, computer as a tool, problem solving approach, open approach, mathematics in context, emphasis on mathematical thinking and creativity, and writing/communicating about mathematics. In this paper we report a few examples to illustrate the type of problems we use in our integrated approach.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.135-154
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• 2011

Dental hygiene was originated from dentistry and dental hygiene knowledge was a component of dental knowledge body. Since the late 1980s dental hygiene theory was began to develop. Nursing theories such as metaparadigm, nursing process and human need theory affected theory development as dental hygiene process. Dental hygiene process provides a framework for high quality dental hygiene care. Dental hygiene process include five phases; assessment, dental hygiene diagnosis, dental hygiene planning, implementation, evaluation. Dental hygiene process of care is recognized as standard for dental hygiene education and clinical dental hygiene practice. Dental hygiene practice has moved from auxiliary model to professional model. Critical thinking skill and disposition are necessary to provide evidence-based dental hygiene care using dental hygiene process as clinical process and critical thinking process. Critical thinking, problem solving and evidence-based practice must be integrated into dental hygiene process for quality dental hygiene care.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.127-146
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• 2023

Statistical thinking has a broad definition but focuses on the context of regression modelling in the present study. To foster students' statistical thinking within the context, teaching should no longer be seen as transfer of knowledge from teacher to students but as a process of engaging with learning activities in which they develop ownership of knowledge. This study aims at collaborative learning contexts; students were divided into small groups in order to increase opportunities for peer collaboration. Each group of students was asked to do a regression project after class. Through doing the project, they learnt to organize and connect previously accrued piecemeal statistical knowledge in an integrated manner. They could also clarify misunderstandings and solve problems through verbal exchanges among themselves. They gave a clear and lucid account of the model they had built and showed collaborative interactions when presenting their projects in front of class. A survey was conducted to solicit their feedback on how peer collaboration would facilitate learning of statistics. Almost all students found their interaction with their peers productive; they focused on the development of statistical thinking with concerted effort.