• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.31-43
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• 2009

We introduce the concepts of IVF m-semiopen sets, IVF m-preopen sets, IVF m-semicontinuous mappings and IVF m-precontinuous mappings on interval-valued fuzzy minimal spaces. We investigate characterizations of IVF m-semicontinuous mappings and IVF m-precontinuous mappings and study properties of IVF m-semiopen sets and IVF m-preopen sets.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.241-259
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• 2006

Using the concept of interval-valued fuzzy (IVF) sets, the notions of IVF semiopen (semiclosed) sets, IVF preopen (preclosed) sets and IVF $\alpha$-open ($\alpha$-closed) sets are introduced, and interrelations are investigated. Also, the concepts of IVF open mappings, IVF preopen mappings, IVF semiopen mappings and IVF $\alpha$-open mappings are introduced, and interrelations are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.137-148
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• 2002

The notion of Interval Valued Fuzzy Sets (IVF sets) was introduced by T. K. Mondal. In this paper a notion of IVF filter is introduced and studied. A new notion of Hausdorffness, which can not be defined in crisp theory of filters, is defined on IVF filters and their properties are studied.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.45-58
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• 2007

The notions of IVF strongly semiopen (semiclosed) sets and IVF (strong) semi-interior (IVF (strong) semi-closure) are introduced, and several examples are provided. Related properties are investigated. In particular, characterizations of an IVF strongly semiopen set are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.848-851
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• 2009

In [5], we introduced the concepts of IVF m-semiopen sets and IVF m-semicontinuous mappings on interval-valued fuzzy minimal spaces. In this paper, we investigate some properties of IVF m-semiopen sets and characterizations for the IVF m-semicontinuous mapping.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.249-255
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• 2009

In [5], we introduced the concepts of IVF m-preopen sets and IVF m-precontinuous mappings on interval-valued fuzzy minimal spaces. In this paper, we introduce the concept of IVF m-preopen mapping and investigate characterizations for IVF mprecontinuous mappings and IVF m-preopen mappings.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.223-244
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• 2007

We introduce the notions of interval-valued fuzzy semipreopen sets (mappings), interval-valued fuzzy semi-pre interior and interval-valued fuzzy semi-pre-continuous mappings by using the notion of interval-valued fuzzy sets. We also investigate related properties and characterize interval-valued fuzzy semi-preopen sets (mappings) and interval-valued fuzzy semi-precontinuous mappings.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.202-206
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• 2008

We introduce the concept of interval-valued minimal structure which is an extension of the interval-valued fuzzy topology. And we introduce and study the concepts of IVF m-continuous and several types of compactness on the interval-valued fuzzy m-spaces.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.417-431
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• 2006

The notions of IVF strongly semiopen (semiclosed) mappings and IVF strongly semicontinuous mappings are introduced, and several examples are provided. Related properties are investigated. In particular, characterizations of an IVF strongly semiopen mapping and an IVF strongly semicontinuous mapping are discussed.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.14-21
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• 2015

Objective: It has previously been suggested that embryos developing from intracytoplasmic sperm-injected (ICSI) zygotes with three pronuclei (3PN) are endowed with a mechanism for self-correction of triploidy to diploidy. 3PN are also observed in zygotes after conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF). The parental origin, however, differs between the two fertilization methods. Whereas the vast majority of 3PN IVF zygotes are of dispermic origin and thus more likely to have two centrioles, the 3PN ICSI zygotes are digynic in origin and therefore, more likely to have one centriole. In the present study, we examine whether the parental origin of 3PN embryos correlates with the karyotype. Methods: The karyotype of each nucleus was estimated using four sequential fluorescence in situ hybridizations-each with two probes-resulting in quantitative information of 8 different chromosomes. The karyotypes were then compared and correlated to the parental origin. Results: 3PN ICSI embryos displayed a significantly larger and more coordinated reduction from the assumed initial 3 sets of chromosomes than 3PN IVF embryos. Conclusion: The differences in the parental origin-and hence the number of centrioles-between the 3PN IVF and the 3PN ICSI zygotes are likely to be the cause of the differences in karyotypes.