• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.55-58
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• 2009

Sodium polyacrylate based hydrogel patch was prepared and its wound healing efficacy in comparison with control groups was evaluated in thermal burn wound ($200^{\circ}C$, 10 sec burn) and excision wound rat model. Cytotoxicity of gamma irradiated (25 kGy) hydrogel patch was investigated in human fibroblasts and showed no significant cytotoxicity. Wound closure rates (H50%) in hydrogel patch group and BAND-$AID^{(R)}$ treated group were faster than that of control group (uncovered open wound). Hydrogel patch showed an enhancement in wound healing process.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.219-229
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• 2020

최근, 아토피 피부염은 피부 자극에 민감하므로 피부 자극을 최소화하면서도, 특정한 국소 부위에 대한 점착력과 흡수력을 효과적으로 발휘할 수 있으며 적절한 약물 방출을 거동할 수 있는 패치 개발이 우선시 되어야 한다고 제안되기도 하였다. 따라서 본 연구는 피부 자극을 최소화하고 특정 부위에 효과적으로 접착 및 흡수 할 수 있는 하이드로겔 패치를 개발코자 하였다. 아토피 패치는 동결 건조법을 이용하여 고흡수성 하이드로겔 시트를 제형화 하였다. 인간각질세포(HaCaT cells) 및 섬유아세포(L929 cells) 사용하여 세포 안정성을 수행하였다. 물리적 성질을 조사하고자 FT-IR, FE-SEM, 다공성 분석, 팽윤성 거동을 조사 하였다. 그 결과, 새롭게 제조된 HA-Dex 하이드로겔 패치는 생체 적합성 및 물리적 평가에 의해 입증하였다. 또한 제조된 하이드로겔 패치는 충분한 수분 흡수력과 아토피성 피부의 가려움증을 완화시킬 수 있으며, 향후 아토피 성 피부염 치료에 다양한 약물 전달 제품에 적용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 폴리머
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.111-117
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• 2009

본 연구를 통해 역이온 영동(reverse iontophoresis)을 이용한 무채혈 혈당 측정시스템의 patch sensor에 사용되는 효소 고정형 수화젤의 생체적합성 여부를 확인하고자 하였다. 아크릴레이트 계열의 단량체를 사용하여 일정한 unit의 효소가 고정된 수화젤을 합성하였다. 합성된 수화젤의 물성분석을 위해 FT-IR spectrometer를 이용하여 구조분석을 하고 DSC를 이용하여 열적 안정성을 확인하였다. 또한, UV-Vis spoctrophotometer를 이용하여 표준품 대비 50% 이상의 효소 활성도를 확인하였다. 표면의 효소 고정화 확인을 위해 SEM을 이용하여 확인한 결과 효소가 고정화되어 있음을 확인하였다. 수화젤은 환자의 피부에 직접적으로 접촉됨으로써 접촉 시 무해성을 평가하기 위하여, ISO-10993에 의하여 세포독성(cytotoxicity), 피내반응(intracutaneous reactivity), 피부자극(skin irritation) 및 감작성(maximization sensitization) 시험을 실시하였고 이를 통해 생체적합성이 우수하다는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.1189-1195
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• 2018

This study developed an antimicrobial hydrogel to control Listeria monocytogenes in Yukhoe (Korean beef tartare). Four hydrogels (hydrogel 1: 5% alginate+1% chitosan+0.2% $CaCl_2$, hydrogel 2: 1% ${\kappa}$-carrageenan+1% chitosan, hydrogel 3: 2% ${\kappa}$-carrageenan+1% $CaCl_2$, and hydrogel 4: 2% ${\kappa}$-carrageenan+3% $CaCl_2$) were prepared. The hydrogels then absorbed 0.1% grapefruit seed extract (GSE) and 0.1% citrus extract (CE) for 30, 60, 120, and 240 min to be antimicrobial hydrogels. To select the most effective antimicrobial hydrogel, their swelling ratio (SR) and antilisterial activities were determined. The selected hydrogel ($2{\times}2cm$) was then placed on surface of beef (round; $3{\times}3cm$), where L. monocytogenes (ca. $10^6CFU/g$) were inoculated, and the cell counts were enumerated on PALCAM agar. Among the hydrogels, the SR of hydrogel 1 increased with absorbing time, but other hydrogels showed no significant changes. Antimicrobial hydrogel 1 showed higher (p<0.05) antilisterial activity than other antimicrobial hydrogels, especially for the one absorbed the antimicrobial for 120 min. Thus, the antimicrobial hydrogel 1 absorbed antimicrobials for 120 min was applied on raw beef at $4^{\circ}C$, and reduced (p<0.05) more than 90% of L. monocytogenes on raw beef. These results indicate that antimicrobial hydrogel 1 formulated with 0.1% GSE or 0.1% CE is appropriate to improve the safety of Yukhoe by reducing psychrotrophic L. monocytogenes cell counts on raw beef.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.193-199
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• 2004

The decreasing effect of wrinkle on the pressure sensitive adhesive hydrogel patches containing ulmi cortex extract and sorbitol as the drug for anti-wrinkle were investigated. In this study, hydrogels were prepared by the crosslinking reaction of acrylic polymers and aluminum ions produced by L(+)-tartaric acid hydrolysis of the dihydroxy aluminum aminoacetates. The inhibition concentration of ulmi cortex extract on the collagenase exhibited at 0.01%. Furthermore, the moisturizing effect of hydrogel patches formulated with sorbitol was higher than that without it. In vivo animal test in hairless mouse showed that the ulmi cortex-loaded hydrogel patches had about 31.2% of anti-wrinkle effect compared to blank (before attaching the patches). Human test showed that only 33% of subjects showed the decreasing of wrinkle during 8 weeks. In conclusion, the model pressure sensitive adhesive hydrogel patches in this study would be pharmaceutically applicable for the wrinkle treatment on the facial skin.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.91-100
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• 2010

The objective of this work is to study transdermal delivery of donepezil hydrochloride (DH) using iontophoresis and to evaluate various factors which affect the transdermal transport. After the flux study using 4 kinds of hydrogel, hydrogel containing 8% poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) was chosen as the hydrogel for further studies. Under experimental condition, DH was stable. We have studied the effect of polarity, current density, drug concentration and current profile on transdermal flux and compared the results. In vitro flux study was performed at $33^{\circ}C$, using side-by-side diffusion cell and full thickness hairless mouse skin. DH is positively charged at pH 7.4, and anodal delivery was much larger than cathodal and passive delivery at all current densities studied (0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 mA/$cm^2$). Cathodal delivery showed higher flux than passive flux. Flux increased as the concentration of DH in hydrogel increased. Pulsatile application of current showed smaller flux value than the application of continuous current. Based on these results, we have evaluated the possibility of delivering enough amount of DH to reach the therapeutic level. The maximum cumulative amount of DH transported for 12 hours was 455 ${\mu}g/cm^2{\cdot}hr$ when the amount of DH in the hydrogel was 3 mg/mL and the current density was 0.4 mA/$cm^2$. If the patch size is 10 $cm^2$, then we can deliver 4.6 mg for 12 hours. Because the daily dosage of DH is 5 mg, it seems possible to deliver clinically effective amount of DH using iontophoresis. This study also provides some information about the role of electrorepulsion and electroosmosis during the transport through skin.

• 폴리머
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2009

알렌드로네이트의 생체이용률을 높이고 경구복용시 발생하는 부작용을 해소하고자 경피약물전달시스템에 전기이온영동법, microneedle 등을 적용하여 in-vitro 시험 후 약물전달량을 HPLC-Flu를 이용하여 조사하였다. 전기이온영동시험을 위해 사용된 약물 패취는 UV중합법으로 합성하였으며, 이때 패취에 함유된 알렌드로네이트의 량은 $5.0\;mg/cm^3$이었다. 0.25, $0.50\;mA/cm^2$의 전류를 인가한 경우, 약물전달량은 각각 $0.80{\pm}0.03$와 $2.00{\pm}0.02{\mu}g$이었다. microneedle로 전처리 후의 전달량은 각각 $70.65{\pm}0.37$와 $162.23{\pm}0.40{\mu}g$으로 증가했다. 경피약물전달용 알렌드로네이트 패취의 생체적 합성 평가는 ISO 10993에 따라 시험하였다.

• 약학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.25-30
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• 1998

This study was designed to compare the absorption fraction and extent of ketoprofen gels and a matrix typed ketoprofen plaster patch. 3g (90mg as ketoprofen) of the two gels whi ch has oleohydrogel or hydrogel as a base, respectively, and 3 pieces of plaster patches (90mg as ketoprofen) were, applied in the area of 210$cm^2$ on forearm in 12 volunteers by cross over design. Blood samples were collected serially up to 24 hours and the plasma concentrations of ketoprofen were analyzed by HPLC using flurbiprofen as an internal standard. The detection limit of the assay was 1ng/ml of ketoprofen in plasma. The pharmacokinetic parameters (e.g. $AUC_{24hr}$, $AUMC_{24hr}$, MRT, Fraction Absorbed) were calculated from the plasma concentrations time data of each volunteer. The oleo-hydrogel showed significantly higher absorption fraction and extent of ketoprofen than the current hydrogel. The mean plasma concentrations of the oleo-hydrogel were increased to 98.46${\pm}$23.15ng/ml by 6 hour after application, and increased futher to 100.61${\pm}$18.65ng/ml at 24 hour. On the other hand, those of the hydrogel were increased 17.61${\pm}$18.65ng/ml at 5 hour to 34.68${\pm}$9.65ng/ml at 24 hour gradually. Therefore the plasma concentrations of oleo-hydrogel at each measured time were 3~7 times greater than those of the hydrogel with statistical significance. The $AUC_{24hr}$ (1797.26${\pm}$52.09ng.h/ml) of the oleo-hydrogel was 3.5 times greater (P<0.05) than that (516.17${\pm}$104.52ng.h/ml) of the hydrogel. The plaster patches showed higher bioavailability ($AUC_{24hr}$ 2877.37${\pm}$578.27ng.h/ml) than the olea-hydrogel ($AUC_{24hr}$ 1797.26${\pm}$52.09ng.h/ml) without statistical significance. But the absorption fraction of the oleo-hydrogel was rather higher than that of the plaster patches during the first 6 hours after administration. These results suggest that newly developed ketoprofen gel which is used oleo-hydrogel as a base would show excellent skin permeation on topical application for the corresponding clinical indications and could be absorbed as well as plaster patches.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.437-446
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• 2014

트립탄 계열의 약물을 경구 복용 시에 트립탄은 소화 시스템에 의하여 생물학적 이용도가 감소되며, 혈중 약물 농도가 시간의 경과에 따라 급격히 감소되고, 위장 장애의 가능성 등이 있다는 문제들을 나타낸다. 일반 겔 패치의 부작용을 개선하기 위하여 패치는 하이드로겔 형태로 제조하였다. 하이드로겔 패치의 주가 되는 메트릭스의 고분자는 PVA를 사용하였고, PEG는 PVA의 분자 간/분자 내 수소결합을 유도하기 위해 첨가물로서 사용되었고 알모트립탄 약물이 부가되었다. 또한 PVA 체인간의 미세 상분리를 가속하기 위해 매우 낮은 온도에서 액체질소가 사용되었다. FT-IR 분석에서 PVA, PEG 그리고 알모트립탄의 흡수 밴드를 확인하였다. PEG 함량이 증가함에 따라 결정화도, 수분흡수력과 인장강도들은 증가하였다. 약물방출 실험에서 약물 방출량은 PEG의 함량이 높은 하이드로겔이 약물 방출 시에 팽윤이 더 잘 이루어져 증가하였다. 본 실험에서 10 wt%의 PEG를 첨가하여 제조된 하이드로겔의 약물 방출량이 가장 좋았다. 또한 10 wt%의 PEG가 함유된 하이드로겔은 2시간째까지 전체 약물의 약 60%가 방출됨을 확인하였고, 24시간째까지도 방출이 계속되었다. 따라서 제조된 하이드로겔은 triptan의 1차 투여 이후 24시간 이내에 재발하는 편두통 환자들을 대상으로 한 트립탄의 2차 투여를 위한 경피흡수형 패치로서 적합하다.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.45-59
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• 2018

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to present trends and contents of herbal Korean Medicine patches by analyzing the herbal patches in Korean patents. Methods : Electronic search for herbal patch patents was conducted in KIPRIS (Korea Intellectual Property Rights Information Service). Korean patents that were registered by January 1, 2018 were selected in study. Patents that were not using herbal medicine or not related to patch were excluded in this study. The applicant, application date, International Patent Classification (IPC), contents and adhesive site of patches, target diseases, model of experiment and extraction methods were analyzed. Results : A total of 17 patents were included in this study. In applicant analysis, 61.5% of applicants were corporations. All IPCs in patents were involved in Section A (Human necessities & Agriculture) and 66.7% of IPCs were A61K (Preparations formedical, dental, ortoiletpurposes). In types of patch, 8 patents were hydrogel patches (47.1%), followed by 3 heating patches (17.6%). Skin related symptoms were the most targeted diseases (52.9%), Human was the most used model in experiments. Solvent extraction and hot water extraction were used frequently, and some patents had no limit for extraction were also existed. Conclusions : The study results will be helpful to diversify formulation of herbal medicine, to expand market scale of patent and to develop new application using Korean medicine. In order to establish sufficient data for utilizing patent technologies, more patent studies providing analyzed patent information are needed.