• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.502-509
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• 2009

In this study a total of 27 stream sites, at 1 km intervals, were monitored for simple physicochemical water characteristics, land coverage patterns, and stream environment characteristics using the Habitat-riparian Indexing System (HIS), in the Yangsan Stream. The HIS has been tested in previous research, resulting in some identification of advantages in the application to the stream ecosystems data. Even though reliable stream environment characterization was possible using HIS, there was no information about the application of this tool to present continuity of environmental changes in stream systems. Also the necessity was raised to compare the results of HIS application with land coverage information in order to provide useful information in management strategy development. The monitoring results of this study showed that changes of environmental degradation were well represented by HIS. Especially, stream environment degradation due to construction was relatively well reflected in the HIS monitoring results, and the main causality of Yangsan Stream degradation was expansion of the urbanized area. In addition, there were significant relationships between the HIS scores and land coverage information. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare appropriate options in controlling or managing the expansion of the industrialized areas in this stream basin in order to improve the stream environment. For this purpose, ensemble utilization of HIS results, water quality, and geographical information, resulting in integration with remote sensing processes can be possible.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.7-16
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• 2006

What enabled Armany to grow into a world fashion designer is based on two factors : postmodernism of the new spirit of the times and the fashion industry of Italy, his mother country. That is, his capability to connect the spirit of the times with his works and use local advantage for his works led him to be a maestro of fashion circles. Founding on his outstanding ability, he established his own world of unique design, where his philosophy of design remained. This philosophy was a distinctive character from other designers. Since he was founded on this philosophy, his own features that other designers can't imitate are dissolved in his designs. Armany is very suggestive to our design circles which look for globalization of fashion. A fashion designer should look straight at the fact that the final aim of fashion is to satisfy customers who buy it. In addition, he should recognize that understanding customers' demands and developing products with his fashion style in accordance with them are the way to success and study new things continually by setting up the direction of the future based on the recognition. It is essential to cultivate sensitivity to create a new beauty from a basis just like Armany expresses modern women's image by harmonizing rationality and functionality, the existing male features, with female pliability adequately. As well, the analyses of design made by Armany are thought to be helpful in reestablishing fashion design education so that unique design styles may be maintained and future-oriented international fashion products may be produced.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.68-82
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• 2007

Kim, Doo-jong wrote "History of Korean Medicine", which was based on the historical view of Japanese Imperialism, insisting that Korea had stagnated and should be stimulated by others because it had no ability to improve by itself. To meet his opinion, he distorted and fabricated Korean Medical History to justify his past and work as Lee, Byung-Do did on Korean History. This paper intended to reveal his distortion and fabrication on the ancient Korean Medical History. Firstly, he insisted that Korean medicine had stagnated till other neighbor medicine, that is, Chinese medicine, Indian medicine, Japanese medicine and European medicine stimulated its progress. Secondly, he insisted that the Korea peninsula has been the Korean territory all through its history, which was originally forged by the Japanese Imperialists. He adopted this theory to justify his past and work. Thirdly, he insisted that Korea was effected by the European medicine a long time ago. Even though the European medicine was not skillful at that time compared with Korean medicine, he adopted this theory to justify his past and work. Lastly, he had a wrong recognition on culture and religion, which he just used to justify his past and work. Profound study and research are required to eliminate his distortion and write the history of Korean medicine correctly.

• Lingua Humanitatis
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.131-151
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• 2002

Park Dujin has written the nature poems through his keen sense for light and the emotion of Sinmyeong(the excited and enthusiastic mind) from his early poetry to his later poetry. His poetic emotions, with the periods of his composition of poems, are expressed in the juxtaposition of the waiting for something or the existential agony with the devout faith. But he has pursued tile monistic nature through the emotion of light and Sinmeoung. Therefore all his poems are characterized as the nature poems which expose the artistic wholeness transcending the ideology and spirit of his times. Up to the present, Korean ecological poems have been absorbed in examining and criticizing the crisis for the environmental pollution and the destruction of ecosystem. Therefore Korean ecological poems could not get out of the dualistic ecological consciousness of the opposing environment confronting between man and nature. The ecological peculiarity in Park Dujin's nature poems is not the level of the man-oriented environment or bioecology but the monistic nature which man and nature are unified. This fact can be said to be caused by the approach to the objects on the basis of the sense for light and the emotion of Sinmyeong which perceive the transcendental nature.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 2023

Johannes Nathanael Lieberkühn was a prodigious anatomist whose meticulous experiments and precise detailing helped in comprehending the microscopic anatomy of digestive system during early part of eighteenth century. Notably, his inventions in the field of microscopy aptly complemented his quest for anatomical knowledge at microscopic level. He designed a reflector (Lieberkühn reflector) which enhanced the amount of focussed light leading to bright illumination of tissue specimen. He invented the solar microscope which provided excellent resolution of minute anatomical details. Lieberkühn discovered the digestive juice secreting tubular glands (glands of Lieberkühn) present at the base of intestinal villi producing epithelial invaginations (crypts of Lieberkühn). He also described the intricate juxtaposition of blood vessels in relation to a single intestinal villi. Moreover, through empirically designed experimental set up, Lieberkühn was able to demonstrate the flow of lymph from intestinal villi to collecting lymphatic vessels. Also, his grandiose collection of laboratory specimens involving vascular anatomy are a testimony of his untiring efforts in academia. His contributions were seminal in comprehending the anatomy of digestive system and paved the way for future revelations. His work unveiled the enormous scope of microanatomy in medical science and catalysed the advent of histological staining methods a century later.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.25-40
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• 2009

This study concerns with John B. Fourier' s life, his teachers, his younger scholars and the $L^1$-convergence of Fourier series. First, we introduce the correlation between the French Revolution and Fourier who is significant in the history of mathematics. Second, we investigate Fourier' s teachers, students and a minor lineage of his younger scholars from 19th century to 20th century. Finally, we compare the theorem of Telyakovskii with the theorem of kolmogorov on $L^1$-convergence of Fourier series.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.191-196
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• 2003

The ars gene of the Neurospora crassa encodes arylsulfatase and is expressed under sulfur limitation. An ars-1 promoter(Pars) translationally-fused to a lacZ gene was transformed into the N. crassa RLM 35-35, a his-3 inl strain and integrated into the his-S locus by a single crossover homologous recombination. $\beta$-galactosidase specific activity was measured from mycelia grown in sulfur-limited Vogel's medium. Enzyme activity reached its maximum at 14 hour after the shift to derepressing condition. When activity from homokaryon generated by microconidiation was measured, it was 17% a higher than that from heterokaryon.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.449-452
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• 2013

Polymorphisms in DNA repair genes have been shown to influence DNA repair processes and to modify cancer susceptibility. Here we conducted a case-control study to assess the role of potential SNPs of DNA repair genes on the risk of glioma and meningioma. We included 297 cases and 458 cancer-free controls. Genotyping of XRCC1 Gln399Arg, XRCC1 Arg194Trp, XRCC2 Arg188His, XRCC3 Thr241Met, XRCC4 Ala247Ser, ERCC1 Asn118Asp, ERCC2 Lys751Gln and ERCC5 Asp1558His were performed in a 384-well plate format on the Sequenom MassARRAY platform. XRCC1 Arg194Trp (rs1799782) and ERCC2 Asp312Asn rs1799793 did not follow the HWE in control group, and genotype distributions of XRCC1 Gln399Arg rs25487, XRCC2 Arg188His rs3218536 and ERCC2 Asp312Asn rs1799793 were significantly different between cases and controls (P<0.05). We found XRCC1 399G/G, XRCC1 194 T/T and XRCC3 241T/T were associated with a higher risk when compared with the wild-type genotype. For ERCC5 Asp1558His, we found G/G genotype was associated with elevated susceptibility. In conclusion, our study has shown that XRCC1 Gln399Arg, XRCC1 Arg194Trp, XRCC3 Thr241Met and ERCC5 Asp1558His are associated with risk of gliomas and meningiomas. This finding could be useful in identifying the susceptibility genes for these cancers.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.94-99
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• 2022

Lesch-Nyhan disease (LND) is a rare X-linked recessive inherited purine metabolic disorder that accompanies neurodevelopmental problems. Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a relatively common autosomal dominant inherited genetic disorder characterized by tumors in various systems. Some children with NF1 also accompanies neurodevelopmental problems. Here, we describe a 5-year-old boy with a maternally inherited pathogenic variant in NF1 and hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT). He was referred for severe neurodevelopmental impairment and hyperuricemia. His mother was diagnosed with NF1 and the patient was also suspected of having NF1 because of cafe au lait macules. He had dystonia, rigidity, cognitive deficit, and speech/language impairment. Serum and urine uric acid concentrations were elevated. He had more severe neurodevelopmental delay than patients with only NF1, so his clinical symptoms could not be fully understood by the disease alone. To find the cause of his neurologic symptoms and hyperuricemia, the patient and his mother underwent a whole-exome sequencing test. As a result, the pathogenic variant c.151C>T (p.Arg51Ter) in HPRT1 was identified as hemizygote in the patient and heterozygote in his mother. The pathogenic variant c.7682C>G (p.Ser2561Ter) in NF-1 was identified as heterozygotes in both of them. Although the clinical symptoms of both diseases were overlapping and complicated, genetic testing was helpful for accurate diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, we suggest to consider preemptive genetic evaluation if there are symptoms not sufficiently explained by known existing diseases. And it is considered valuable to review this rare case to understand the clinical course and possible synergic effects of these diseases.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.408-412
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• 2008

FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (TFL1) in Arabidopsis are homologous proteins that perform opposite functions: FT is an activator of flowering, and TFL1 is a repressor. It was shown before that change of a single amino acid (His88) of TFL1 to the corresponding amino acid (Tyr) of FT is enough to convert the floral repressor to an activator. However, structural basis of the functional conversion has not been understood. In our molecular dynamics simulations on modified TFL1 proteins, a hydrogen bond present in native TFL1 between the His88 residue and a residue (Asp144) in a neighboring external loop became broken by change of His88 to Tyr. This breakage induced conformational change of the external loop whose structure was previously reported to be another key functional determinant. These findings reveal that the two important factors determining the functional specificities of the floral regulators, the key amino acid (His88) and the external loop, are correlated, and the key amino acid determines the functional specificity indirectly by affecting the conformation of the external loop.