• 한국재료학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.73-77
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• 2005

Motivated by the enhanced magnetic properties of Mg-codoped GaMnN ferromagnetic semiconductors, Be-codoped GaMnAs films were grown via molecular beam epitaxy with varying Mn flux at a fixed Be flux. The structural, electrical, and magnetic properties were investigated. GaAs:(Mn,Be) films showed metallic behavior while GaAs:Mn films showed semiconducting behavior as determined by the temperature dependent resistivity measurements. The Hall-effect measurements with varying magnetic field showed clear anomalous Hall effect up to room temperature proving ferromagnetism and magnetotransport in the GaAs:(Mn,Be) films. Planar Hall resistance measurement also confirmed the properties. The dramatic enhancement of the Curie temperature in GaMnAs system was attributed to Be codoping in the GaMnAs films as well as MnAs precipitation.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2017

The operation of subway trains induces secondary structure-borne vibrations in the nearby underground spaces. The vibration, along with the associated noise, can cause annoyance and adverse physical, physiological, and psychological effects on humans in dense urban environments. Traditional tethered instruments restrict the rapid measurement and assessment on such vibration effect. This paper presents a novel approach for Wireless Smart Sensor (WSS)-based autonomous evaluation system for the subway train-induced vibrations. The system was implemented on a MEMSIC's Imote2 platform, using a SHM-H high-sensitivity accelerometer board stacked on top. A new embedded application VibrationLevelCalculation, which determines the International Organization for Standardization defined weighted acceleration level, was added into the Illinois Structural Health Monitoring Project Service Toolsuite. The system was verified in a large underground space, where a nearby subway station is a good source of ground excitation caused by the running subway trains. Using an on-board processor, each sensor calculated the distribution of vibration levels within the testing zone, and sent the distribution of vibration level by radio to display it on the central server. Also, the raw time-histories and frequency spectrum were retrieved from the WSS leaf nodes. Subsequently, spectral vibration levels in the one-third octave band, characterizing the vibrating influence of different frequency components on human bodies, was also calculated from each sensor node. Experimental validation demonstrates that the proposed system is efficient for autonomously evaluating the subway train-induced ambient vibration of underground spaces, and the system holds the potential of greatly reducing the laboring of dynamic field testing.

• 천문학회보
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.46.1-46.1
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• 2018

The Fast Imaging Solar Spectrograph (FISS) on the Goode Solar Telescope (GST) at Big Bear Solar Observatory is the imaging Echelle spectrograph developed by the Solar Astronomy Group of Seoul National University and the Solar and Space Weather Group of Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute. The instrument takes spectral data from a region on the Sun in two spectral bands simultaneously. The imaging is done by the organization of intensity data obtained from the fast raster scan of the slit over the field of view. Since the scan repeats many times, the whole set of data can be used to construct the movies of monochromatic intensity at arbitrary wavelengths within the spectral bands, and those of line-of-sight velocity inferred from different spectral lines. So far there are two standard observing configurations: one recording the $H{\alpha}$ line and the Ca II 8542 line simultaneously, and the other recording the Na I D2 line and Fe I 5435 line simultaneously. We have developed the procedures to produce the standard data for each observing configuration. The procedures include the spatial alignment, the correction of spectral shift of instrumental origin, and the lambdameter measurement of the line wavelength. The standard data include the movie of continuum intensity, the movies of intensity and velocity inferred from a chromospheric spectral line, the movies of intensity and velocity inferred from a photospheric line. The processed standard data will be freely available online (fiss.snu.ac.kr) to be used for research and public outreach. Moreover, the IDL procedures will be provided on request as well so that each researcher can adapt the programs for their own research.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2003년도 춘계학술발표강연 및 논문개요집
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• pp.83-83
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• 2003

The stochiometric mix of evaporating materials for the CuInSe$_2$ single crystal thin films was prepared from horizontal furnace. To obtain the single crystal thin films, CuInSe$_2$ mixed crystal was deposited on thoroughly etched semi-insulating GaAs(100) substrate by the Hot Wall Epitaxy (HWE) system. The source and substrate temperature were 62$0^{\circ}C$ and 41$0^{\circ}C$, respectively. The crystalline structure of single crystal thin films was investigated by the photoluminescence and double crystal X-ray diffraction (DCXD). The carrier density and mobility of CuInSe$_2$ single crystal thin films measured from Hall effect by van der Pauw method are 9.62$\times$10$^{16}$ cm$^{-3}$ , 296 $\textrm{cm}^2$/V.s at 293 K, respectively From the photocurrent spectrum by illumination of perpendicular light on the c-axis of the CuInSe$_2$ single crystal thin film, we have found that the values of spin orbit splitting ΔSo and the crystal field splitting ΔCr were 6.1 meV and 175.2 meV at 10 K, respectively. From the photoluminescence measurement on CuInSe$_2$ single crystal thin film, we observed free excition (Ex) existing only high quality crystal and neutral bound exiciton (D$^{\circ}$,X) having very strong peak intensity. Then, the full-width-at -half-maximum(FWHM) and binding energy of neutral donor bound excition were 7 meV and 5.9 meV, respectivity. By Haynes rule, an activation energy of impurity was 59 meV.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.232-247
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• 2005

Purpose. The purposes of this investigation were to discover the possibility of clinical application in the areas of dental implants and bone grafts by investigating the bone formation histologically around specimen which was depending on the intensity of magnetic field of neodymium magnet inside of the specimens. Material and method. 1. Measurement of magnetic intensity - placed the magnet inside of the specimen, and measured the intensity of magnetic field around the 1st thread and 3rd thread of specimen 20 times by using a Gaussmeter(Kanetec Co., Japan). 2. Surgical Procedure - Male rabbit was anesthetised by constant amount of Ketamine (0.25ml/kg) and Rompun (0.25ml/kg). After incising the flat part of tibia, and planted the specimens of titanium implant, control group was stitched without magnet, while experimental groups were placed a magnedisc 500(Aichi Steel Co., Japan) or magnedisc 800(Aichi Steel Co., Japan) into it, fixed by pattern resin and stitched. 3. Management after the surgery - In order to prevent it from the infection of bacteria and for antiinflammation, Gentamycin and Ketopro were injected during 1 week from operation day, and dressed with potadine. 4. Preparation of histomorphometric analysis - At 2, 4 and 8 weeks after the surgery, the animals were sacrificed by excessed Ketamine, and then, specimens were obtained including the operated part and some parts of tibia, and fixed it to 10% of PBS buffer solution. After embedding specimens in Technovit 1200 and B.P solution, made a H-E stain. Samples width was 75$\mu$m . In histological findings through the optical microscope and using Kappa image base program(Olympus Co. Japan), the bone contact ratio and bone area ratio of each parts of specimens were measured and analyzed. 5. Statistical analysis - Statistical analysis was accomplished with Mann Whitney U-test. Results and conclusion. 1. In histomorphometric findings, increased new bone formation was shown in both control & experimental groups through the experiment performed for 2, 4 & 8 weeks. After 4 weeks, more osteoblasts and osteoclasts with significant bone remodeling were shown in experimental groups. 2. In histomorphometric analysis, the bone contact ratios were 38.5% for experimental group 1, 29.5% for experimental group 2 and 11.9% for control group. Experimental groups were higher than control group(p<0.05) (Fig. 6, Table IV). The bone area ratios were 60.9% for experimental group 2, 46.4% for experimental group 1 and 36.0% for control group. There was no significantly statistical difference between experimental groups and control group(p<0.05) (Fig. 8, Table VII) 3. In comparision of the bone contact ratios at each measurement sites according to magnetic intensity, experimental group 2(5.6mT) was higher than control group at the 1st thread (p<0.05) and experimental group 1 (1.8mT) was higher than control group at the 3rd thread(p<0.05) (Fig. 7, Table V, VI). 4. In comparision of the bone area ratios at each measurement sites according to magnetic intensity, experimental group 2(5.6mT) was higher than control group and experimental group 1 (4.0mT) at the 1st thread(p<0.1) and experimental group 2(4.4mT) was higher than experimental group 1 (1.8mT) at the 3rd thread(p<0.1) (Fig. 9, Table IX, X). Experiment group 2 was largest, followed by experiment group l and control group at the 3rd thread of implant. There was a significant difference at the 1st thread of control group & experiment group 2, and at 1st thread & 3rd thread of experiment group 1 & 2, and not at control group experiment group 1.(p<0.1)

• 감성과학
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 그래핀(Graphene)을 사용하여 폴리우레탄 나노웹(Polyurethane Nanoweb)에 전기전도성을 부여하고, 이를 이용하여 나노웹 기반의 스트레인센서(Strain Sensor)를 개발하는 것이다. 이를 위해 1% 그래핀 잉크를 폴리우레탄 나노웹에 푸어코팅(Pour-coating)한 후 PDMS(Polydimethylsiloxane)로 후처리를 하여 착용 가능한 스트레인센서를 완성하였다. 시료 표면에 전도성 물질이 잘 코팅되었는지 확인하기 위해 전계방사형 주사전자현미경(FE-SEM)를 이용하여 시료의 표면 특성을 평가하였다. 시료의 전기적 특성 평가는 멀티미터(Multimeter)를 사용하여 시료의 선저항(Linear Resistance)을 측정하고, 시료를 각각 5%, 10% 인장하였을 때 선저항이 어떻게 변하는지 비교하였다. 또한 시료의 성능을 평가하고자 게이지율(Gauge Factor)을 구하였다. 착의평가 실험은 완성된 스트레인센서를 더미에 착용시킨 후 MP150(Biopac system Inc., U.S.A.)과 Acqknowledge(ver. 4.2, Biopac system Inc., U.S.A.)를 사용해 인장에 따른 호흡신호를 측정하였다. 표면 특성을 평가한 결과, 모든 전도성 나노웹 시료들이 그래핀 잉크로 균일하게 코팅되어있음을 확인하였다. 인장에 따른 저항값 측정 결과, 그래핀을 처리한 시료인 시료 G가 가장 낮은 저항값을, 그래핀을 처리한 후 열처리를 한 시료인 시료 G-H가 가장 높은 저항값을 가졌고, 시료 G와 시료 G-H의 경우 길이가 5%, 10%로 늘어남에도 선저항값의 변화가 안정적으로 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 저항값 결과와는 달리, 시료 G가 시료 G-H보다 더 높은 게이지율을 보였다. 실제로 착의평가 결과, 시료 G-H를 이용해 만든 스트레인센서가 안정된 Peak값으로 측정되어 좋은 품질의 신호를 얻었다. 그러므로 본 연구를 통해 그래핀 잉크를 처리한 폴리우레탄 나노웹이 호흡 센서로서의 역할을 충분히 수행하는 것을 확인하였다.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.5-15
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• 1980

The first recorded trypanosomiasis epidemic in Uganda took place at the beginning of this century in the islands and in a strip along the northern shores of Lake Victoria, which resulted in deaths of 1/3 million people. The disease was partly controlled by early 1930's and continued to occur sporadically in certain localized foci. The disease has however flared up in an explosive outbreak in Busoga district along Lake Victoria since 1977. The incidence of disease in northern district adjacent to Southern Sudan is also increasing lately. This paper describes the three month observation on the surveillance and control activities in the epidemic areas and of various health units including the Vector Control Division, the Tsetse fly Control Division, Tororo Trypanosomiasis Research Institute, medical units in Busoga, and Acholi districts. Data analysis and review were made of disease information so far collected by various health units in the Ministry of Health and district health offices. The findings may be summarized in the following: 1) A total of 12, 100 patients and 38 deaths: have occured in Busoga district since 1977 onward, and over 100 cases of diseases arc occuring in the Northern region bordering Southern Sudan. 2) the distribution of trypanosomiasis is characterized with two district patterns. The disease caused by Trypanosoma rhodesiense occurs in Busoga and is transmitted by Glossina palpalis, G. fuscipes infested in the islands and in the northern shore of forests of Lake Victoria. Another type caused by Trypanosoma gambiense occurs in Madi and Acholi in the north and is transmitted by Glossina morsitans in Savannah. 3) The house survey in Rusoga indicated that most of patients keep domestic animals in their house premises, and are engaging in either farming or fishing. Practically all the patients remembered that they had been bitten by tsetse in the field. 4) The routine diagnostic methods in the hospital laboratory is carried out through the microscopic examination of trypanosome with Giemsa stain of blood and cerebro-spinal fluid, The measurement of ESR and IgM has been used by Tororo Tryponosomiasis Research Institute for field screening.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.1006-1014
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• 2000

1차 방사기 이동만으로 전 방향에 대해 빔포인팅이 용이한 르네베르그렌즈 안테나를 절반의 르제베르그렌즈 단면에 반사판 부착으로 소형화, 경량화한 반구형 르네베르그렌즈 안테나(주파수 9.375GHz, -3dB 빔 폭 6$^{\circ}$, 렌즈 직경 30.3cm(약 10λ))를 설계 제작하였다. 특성측정결과 -3dB 빔 폭 E면 6.1$^{\circ}$, H면 5.5$^{\circ}$로 설계치대로 양호한 빔 특성이 얻어졌으며, 이득은 약 26dBi(균일분포에 대한 개구효율 $\pi$=44.97%)로 1차 방사깅니 구형마이크로스트립 안테나보다 20.4dB 증가되었다. 또한, 1차 방사기의 근사패턴을 형성시켜 이를 2차 개구면 소스로 한 원방계패턴 계산결과 설계치와 일치함을 확인하였다. 한편, 우선.좌선원편파 특성을 갖도록 1차 방사기를 설계하여 원편과 반구형 르네베르그렌즈 안테나를 구성하였다. 특성 측정결과 -3dB 빔 폭 5.8$^{\circ}$, 사이드로브 -15.3dB, 편파분리도 25dB, 축비 0.74dB, 축비 2dB 이하의 주파수범위 약 1.4GHz(14.9%)로 비교적 광대역의 양호한 원편파특성이 얻어졌다.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.16-29
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• 2016

우리나라 농경지 중 논은 약55%로 가장 많은 면적을 차지하고 있으며, 논에 서식하는 생물 중 논 환경변화에 민감하고 일정한 방향의 반응을 보이는 생물종은 생물지표로 활용할 수 있다. 생물계절 및 서식범위 등 생물지표를 이용한 분석은 기후변화의 영향을 직관적이고 정량적으로 판단할 수 있는 수단으로 평가된다. 따라서 논에 서식하는 수서생물의 온도변화에 따른 생물반응 연구는 논 생태계의 생물다양성 보전을 위한 계획 수립과 기후변화 감시를 위한 기초자료로서 활용된다. 본 연구에서는 생물계절을 관측하기 위하여 일 단위 관측이 가능한 무인관측시스템을 구축하였다. 무인관측시스템은 유인부, 촬영부, 전원공급부로 구성되며 위도를 고려하여 해남, 부안, 당진, 철원에 설치하였다. 관측자료를 분석한 결과 철원을 제외한 세 지역에서 잔물땡땡이(Hydrochara affinis)와 애물땡땡이(Sternolophus rufipes)의 개체 수를 계측할 수 있었다. 계측 값을 바탕으로 비행시기의 유효적산온도를 판별하였으며 KMA 기후변화 시나리오를 이용하여 2020년대, 2050년대, 2080년대 평년의 비행시기의 변화를 예측하여 비교하였다. 그 결과 2020년대에 비하여 2080년대는 비행시작시기가 15일 이상 앞당겨졌으며 최대 비행시기가 22일, 최종 비행시기가 27일 이상 빨라지는 것으로 나타났다. 서식 위치에 따라서는 내륙보다 해안, 도심보다 도외지, 평야보다 곡간지 논의 비행시기 변화가 뚜렷하였다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 잔물땡땡이와 애물땡땡이를 기후변화 지표종으로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.107-111
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• 2020

최근 고령화 사회가 진행이 되면서 건강과 진단에 대한 많은 관심이 증대되고 있다. 정확한 진단이 가능한 guided surgery를 위한 다양한 바이오 이미징 시스템 분야가 중요하게 대두되면서 정확한 측정과 실시간 확인 등이 가능한 형광 이미징 시스템이 중요한 분야로 대두되었다. 현재 사용되고 있는 부분은 NIR-I이 주를 이루고 있으나 분해능의 향상 및 깊고 정확하게 형광을 확인하기 위해서 NIR-II 부분의 연구를 많이 진행 중에 있다. 본 논문에서는 NIR-I과 NIR-II의 차이점과 광학적인 특성, 그리고 형광영상 시스템의 SBR(signal to background ration)에 대해서 NIR-II의 미(Mie) 산란을 유한요소(FEM)법을 이용하여 확인을 하였으며 최종적으로 Skin phantom을 제작 및 Fluorescence를 측정을 함으로써 SBR이 NIR-I보다 NIR-II 영역에서 16.2배 더 높은 것을 확인하였다. 형광 이미징 시스템의 SBR 증대는 NIR-I영역대 보다 NIR-II영역이 효과를 이룰 것으로 확인이 되며 이를 통해 guided surgery나 bio-sensor, 또한 형광을 이용한 전자부품의 결함을 확인할 수 있는 디바이스 등의 다양한 응용분야에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 예상한다.